Resting-state electroencephalogram in drug-free subjects with at-risk mental states who later developed psychosis: a low-resolution electromagnetic tomography analysis.

Background And Objectives: Several studies have reported on the resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) power in patients with schizophrenia, with a decrease in α (especially α2) and an increase in δ and β1 power compared with healthy control; however, reports on at-risk mental states (ARMS) are few. In this study, we measured the resting-state EEG power in ARMS, and investigated its features and the relationship between the power of the frequency bands and their diagnostic outcomes.

Methods: Patients with ARMS who were not on any psychotropic medication and met the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental State criteria were included.

Calcineurin inhibitor inhibits tolerance induction by suppressing terminal exhaustion of donor T cells after allo-HCT.

Calcineurin inhibitor-based graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis is standard in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) but fails to induce long-term tolerance without chronic GVHD (cGVHD) in a considerable number of patients. In this study, we addressed this long-standing question in mouse models of HCT. After HCT, alloreactive donor T cells rapidly differentiated into PD-1+ TIGIT+ terminally exhausted T cells (terminal Tex).

Duration Mismatch Negativity Predicts Remission in First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients.

Remission in schizophrenia patients is associated with neurocognitive, social, and role functioning during both the early and chronic stages of schizophrenia. It is well-established that the amplitudes of duration mismatch negativity (dMMN) and frequency MMN (fMMN) are reduced in schizophrenia patients. However, the potential link between MMN and remission has not been established.

Patients with marginal zone dural lymphoma successfully treated with rituximab and bendamustine: A report of two cases.

Primary dural low-grade marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a rare disease whose main treatment has been local surgery or radiotherapy. Until now, there have been no cases of dural MALT lymphoma treatment of a patient with several relapses or systemic disease. The present study included two patients with dural MALT lymphoma who had several relapses or systemic disease.

Convulsive Seizure Due to Hypomagnesemia Caused by Short-term Vonoprazan Intake.

A 71-year-old woman was admitted for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the ileum. She had been taking lansoprazole but was switched to vonoprazan due to epigastric discomfort. Three weeks after starting vonoprazan intake, she had a convulsive seizure, and a blood test showed hypomagnesiemia.

Prolonged P300 Latency in Antipsychotic-Free Subjects with At-Risk Mental States Who Later Developed Schizophrenia.

We measured P300, an event-related potential, in subjects with at-risk mental states (ARMS) and aimed to determine whether P300 parameter can predict progression to overt schizophrenia. Thirty-three subjects with ARMS, 39 with schizophrenia, and 28 healthy controls participated in the study. All subjects were antipsychotic-free.

FTY720 Attenuates Neuropathic Pain after Spinal Cord Injury by Decreasing Systemic and Local Inflammation in a Rat Spinal Cord Compression Model.

Neuropathic pain severely impairs rehabilitation and quality of life after spinal cord injury (SCI). The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist, FTY720, plays an important protective role in neuronal injury. This study aims to examine the effects of FTY720 in a rat acute SCI model, focusing on neuropathic pain.

Short-term KRP203 and posttransplant cyclophosphamide for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis.

Posttransplant high-dose cyclophosphamide (PTCY) has been increasingly used as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis after HLA-haploidentical or matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). However, PTCY alone is insufficient and requires additional immunosuppressants such as calcineurin inhibitors. In the current study, we evaluated effects of a novel GVHD prophylaxis with PTCY in combination with short-term KRP203, a selective agonist of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 that regulates egress of lymphocytes from the secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) in mice.

Association between olfactory sulcus morphology and olfactory functioning in schizophrenia and psychosis high-risk status.

Olfactory impairment has been reported in patients with schizophrenia and individuals with a high risk of psychosis, but its neural basis is largely unknown. We used magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the morphology of the olfactory sulcus (an indicator of olfactory system development) and its relation to olfactory function in 38 persons with an at-risk mental state (ARMS), 62 patients with schizophrenia, and 61 healthy controls. Odor detection and identification were examined with a T & T olfactometer.

Myeloid differentiation factor 88 signaling in donor T cells accelerates graft--host disease.

Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling has a crucial role in activation of both innate and adoptive immunity. MyD88 transduces signals Toll-like receptor and interleukin-1 receptor superfamily to the NFκB pathway and inflammasome by forming a molecular complex with interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4. The MyD88/interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 pathway plays an important role, not only in innate immunity, but also T-cell immunity; however, its role in donor T cells on the pathophysiology of graft--host disease (GvHD) remains to be elucidated.

The association between the incidence of intestinal graft-vs-host disease and antibiotic use after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the regulation of allogeneic immune reaction after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). Intestinal graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) is one of the major causes of mortality after allo-SCT and often complicated with intestinal dysbiosis. Recent studies suggest that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis is a risk factor for intestinal GVHD.

Intestinal Lymphatic Endothelial Cells Produce R-Spondin3.

The R-Spondin (R-Spo) family regulates WNT signaling and stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). R-Spo plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, but endogenous producers of R-Spo in the intestine remain to be investigated. We found that R-Spo3 was the major R-Spo family member produced in the intestine and it was predominantly produced by CD45CD90CD31 lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in the lamina propria of the intestinal mucosa.

Hematogones Predict Better Outcome in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Irrespective of Graft Sources.

Benign precursors of B lymphocytes, termed hematogones, are observed in the regenerative state of hematopoiesis following chemotherapy or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Previous studies have demonstrated that expansion of hematogones correlates with better clinical outcomes after allo-HSCT. We retrospectively analyzed the association between hematogones and clinical outcomes in 309 consecutive patients who underwent allo-HSCT, which is the largest population-based cohort reported so far.

Disseminated toxoplasmosis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation showing unusual magnetic resonance images.

We herein report a patient who had disseminated toxoplasmosis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation showing atypical clinical presentation and neuroimaging. Parkinsonism symptoms such as muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, tremor, and postural instability were initial manifestations. Magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse symmetrical lesions of bilateral basal ganglia lacking ringed enhancement.

[Clinical impact of addition of bevacizumab to the first-line chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer].

Background: Combination regimens containing bevacizumab(BV)are regarded as one of the standard first-line chemotherapy (1stCTx) regimens in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, some patients cannot be treated with BV because of the short interval from the palliative operation or other reasons. We present a study of some patients who were treated with add-on BV in the middle of the 1stCTx before disease progression(referred to as "midway BV" regimen hereafter), and here, we report the efficacy of the midway BV regimen as observed in our patients.

[Successful treatment of an HIV-positive multiple myeloma patient with high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and maintenance therapy with lenalidomide].

A 45-year-old HIV positive male who had previously been administered anti-retrovirus therapy (ART) resulting in a good virological response and with a CD4 count of more than 1,000/μl, complained of general fatigue during a periodic examination. Laboratory data showed decreased Hb (10.8 g/dl) and increased T.

Self-assembly of concentric quantum double rings.

We demonstrate the self-assembled formation of concentric quantum double rings with high uniformity and excellent rotational symmetry using the droplet epitaxy technique. Varying the growth process conditions can control each ring's size. Photoluminescence spectra emitted from an individual quantum ring complex show peculiar quantized levels that are specified by the carriers' orbital trajectories.