Deep Red Photoluminescence from Cr in Fluorine-Doped Lithium Aluminate Host Material.

Deep red phosphors have attracted much attention for their applications in lighting, medical diagnosis, health monitoring, agriculture, etc. A new phosphor host material based on fluorine-doped lithium aluminate (ALFO) was proposed and deep red emission from Cr in this host material was demonstrated. Cr in ALFO was excited by blue (~410 nm) and green (~570 nm) rays and covered the deep red to near-infrared region from 650 nm to 900 nm with peaks around 700 nm.

Study on triphase of polymorphs TiO (anatase/rutile/brookite) for boosting photocatalytic activity of metformin degradation.

The elution of pharmaceutical products such as metformin at higher concentrations than the safe level in aquatic systems is a serious threat to human health and the ecosystem. Photocatalytic technology using TiO semiconductors potentially fixes this problem. This study aims to synthesize triphasic anatase-rutile-brookite TiO using ultrasound assisted sol-gel technique in the presence of acid and its application to photodegradation of metformin under UV light irradiation.

Heterophase Polymorph of TiO (Anatase, Rutile, Brookite, TiO (B)) for Efficient Photocatalyst: Fabrication and Activity.

TiO exists naturally in three crystalline forms: Anatase, rutile, brookite, and TiO (B). These polymorphs exhibit different properties and consequently different photocatalytic performances. This paper aims to clarify the differences between titanium dioxide polymorphs, and the differences in homophase, biphase, and triphase properties in various photocatalytic applications.

Removal of hexavalent chromium from water by Z-scheme photocatalysis using TiO (rutile) nanorods loaded with Au core-CuO shell particles.

All-solid-state Z-scheme photocatalysts, containing CuO, TiO (rutile), and Au as the electron mediator, were prepared and applied to the reduction of Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions. The CuO-Au-TiO composites were prepared by loading Au core-CuO shell hemisphere particles on TiO (rutile) nanorods using a two-step photocatalytic deposition process. Under ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) light illumination, the CuO-Au-TiO composites exhibited higher photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction activities than those exhibited by single TiO (rutile) and CuO.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Bismuth Oxide: (KSr)(NaCaBi)O.

A novel distorted perovskite-type (KSr)(NaCaBi)O was prepared by a hydrothermal method using the starting materials NaBiO·HO, Sr(OH)·8HO, Ca(OH), and KOH. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of the novel compound revealed a GdFeO-related structure belonging to the monoclinic system of the space group with the following cell parameters: = 11.8927 (17) Å, = 11.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Mixed-Valence Bismuthate, NaBiO.

Four types of bismuth oxides, NaBiO, NaBiO, α-BiO, and ε-BiO, were obtained by hydrothermal reactions using NaBiO·HO in NaOH solution. The crystal structure of a new phase (Na Bi)BiO ((NaBi)BiO) was determined by using single crystal X-ray diffraction data, and this compound was found to show a NaMnCl-related structure with a monoclinic system (space group, ) with the following lattice parameters: = 5.990 (2) Å, = 3.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a (BaK)BiO Double-Perovskite Superconductor with Onset of the Transition ∼ 30 K.

A new superconducting double perovskite was successfully synthesized by a low-temperature hydrothermal reaction at 240 °C. The crystal structure refinement of this double perovskite was done by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and it had a cubic unit cell of = 8.5207(2) Å with space group 3̅ (No.

Enhanced Supercapacitor Performance Based on CoAl Layered Double Hydroxide-Polyaniline Hybrid Electrodes Manufactured Using Hydrothermal-Electrodeposition Technology.

Electrodes with nanosheet architectures can offer the possibility to achieve enhanced energy storage performance. Herein, we have designed and synthesized novel nanosheet structures of CoAl layered double hydroxide (LDH)-polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite thin films by a hydrothermal-electrodeposition method. The molecular structure, crystal structure, morphology and chemical composition of the composites were characterized by FT-IR, XRD (SXRD), FESEM, and XPS, whereas their electrochemical properties were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests.

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Pyrochlore-Type Pentavalent Bismuthates CaBiO and SrBiO.

The pyrochlore-type CaBiO and SrBiO have been synthesized from a low-temperature hydrothermal route using NaBiO·nHO as a starting material. The crystal structures of these compounds were refined using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data. The cell parameters were found to be a = 10.

Circumstances of La, Eu, Dy, and Yb Cations Intercalated via Ion Exchange in γ-Zirconium Phosphate.

Both α- and γ-zirconium phosphate were examined for use as ion exchangers for recovery of rare earth elements. Trivalent rare earth elements can be partially substituted for protons in the interlayer space, and γ-zirconium phosphate shows a much better ion exchange competency than α-zirconium phosphate. The exchanged cation of the rare earth elements might be related to different amounts of oxygen from P-OH and HO, and these rare earth elements were thus positioned at a different separations from the zirconium phosphate layer.

Crystal Structure, Thermal Behavior, and Photocatalytic Activity of NaBiO· nHO.

The crystal structure of NaBiO· nHO was refined using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and was assigned to a trigonal unit cell (space group P3̅) consisting of layered structures formed by edge-sharing BiO octahedra and consisting of an interlayer composed of water molecules sandwiched between two layers of sodium atoms, perpendicular to the c axis. An intermediate phase was observed during the dehydration of the hydrated compound. Density of state calculations showed hybridization of the Bi 6s and O 2p orbitals at the bottom of the conduction bands for both the hydrated and the dehydrated phases, which narrows the band gap and promotes their photocatalytic activity in the visible region.

Hydrothermal Synthesis, Structure, and Superconductivity of Simple Cubic Perovskite (BaK)(BiMg)O with T ∼ 30 K.

We have synthesized a new superconducting perovskite bismuth oxide by a facile hydrothermal route at 220 °C. The choice of starting materials, their mixing ratios, and the hydrothermal reaction temperature was crucial for obtaining products with superior superconducting properties. The structure of the powder sample was investigated using laboratory X-ray diffraction, high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) data, and electron diffraction (ED) patterns [transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis].

Adsorption Behavior of Rare Earth Metal Cations in the Interlayer Space of γ-ZrP.

Adsorption competencies of rare earth metal cations in γ-zirconium phosphate were examined by ICP, synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD), and ab initio simulation. The adsorption amounts are around 0.06-0.

High-Pressure Polymorph of NaBiO3.

A new high-pressure polymorph of NaBiO3 (hereafter β-NaBiO3) was synthesized under the conditions of 6 GPa and 600 °C. The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of this new phase was indexed with a hexagonal cell of a = 9.968(1) Å and c = 3.

Structural Difference in Superconductive and Nonsuperconductive Bi-S Planes within Bi4O4Bi2S4 Blocks.

The relationship between the structure and superconductivity of Bi4O4S3 powders synthesized by heating under ambient and high pressures was investigated using synchrotron X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. The Bi4O4S3 powders synthesized under ambient pressure exhibited a strong superconductivity (diamagnetic) signal and zero resistivity below ∼4.5 K, while the Bi4O4S3 powder synthesized by the high-pressure method exhibited a low-intensity signal down to 2 K.

Study on the Effect of Pt Intercalation into Layered Niobate Perovskite for Photocatalytic Behavior.

A novel photocatalyst consisting of an intercalated perovskite H(1-2x)Pt(x)LaNb2O7 was fabricated by ion exchange. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirmed that Pt(2+) exists within the interlayer space of the layered perovskite. H(1-2x)Pt(x)LaNb2O7 composed of layered niobate perovskite and intercalated Pt(2+) completely degraded a 20 ppm phenol solution in 3 h under irradiation by Xe light, which exhibits photocatalytic activity superior to those of RbLaNb2O7, Pt-deposited RbLaNb2O7, and HLaNb2O7.

Superconducting double perovskite bismuth oxide prepared by a low-temperature hydrothermal reaction.

Perovskite-type structures (ABO3) have received significant attention because of their crystallographic aspects and physical properties, but there has been no clear evidence of a superconductor with a double-perovskite-type structure, whose different elements occupy A and/or B sites in ordered ways. In this report, hydrothermal synthesis at 220 °C produced a new superconductor with an A-site-ordered double perovskite structure, (Na(0.25)K(0.

Low-temperature nitridation of manganese and iron oxides using NaNH2 molten salt.

Manganese and iron nitrides are important functional materials, but their synthesis processes from oxides often require high temperatures. Herein, we show a novel meta-synthesis method for manganese and iron nitrides by low-temperature nitridation of their oxides using NaNH2 molten salt as the nitrogen source in an autoclave at 240 °C. With this method, nitridation of micrometer-sized oxide particles kept their initial morphologies, but the size of the primary particles decreased.

Bonding preference of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in niobium-based rock-salt structures.

Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are essential components in solid-state materials. However, understanding their preference on the bonding to metals has not been straightforward. Here, niobium carbide, nitride, and oxide with simple rock-salt-based structures were analyzed by first-principles calculations and synchrotron X-ray diffraction.

Preparation of hybrid film of polyaniline and organically pillared zirconium phosphate nanosheet by electrodeposition.

α-Zirconium phosphate was chemically modified with 1,2-bis(dimethylchlorosilyl)ethane to graft organic chain, and then it was used as host material for inorganic nanosheet-polyaniline hybrid. The grafted α-zirconium phosphate was exfoliated in an acetonitrile solution with tetrabutylammonium salt and aniline. The electrodeposition in the presence of aniline was performed, and then it resulted in a formation of higher-order structure in which phosphate nanosheet was propped up by 1,2-bis(dimethylchlorosilyl)ethane with intrusion of polyaniline into the nanospace.

Synthesis, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of Bi3Mn4O12(NO3) oxynitrate comprising S = 3/2 honeycomb lattice.

Neutron diffraction and FT-IR analysis revealed that the novel oxynitrate Bi(3)Mn(4)O(12)(NO(3)) (space group P3, a = 4.9692(1) A, c = 13.1627(3) A) prepared by hydrothermal synthesis is of a new structural type including flat NO(3) layers alternating with blocks of two PbSb(2)O(6)-like layers.

Current status of emergency care for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in an urban setting in Japan.

Background: The door-to-balloon time (DTB) is an important predictor of the outcome for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In Japan, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can be performed at many hospitals, and the predominant strategy for reperfusion therapy is primary PCI. However, it remains unclear how rapidly reperfusion is achieved at these hospitals.

Preparation of oriented titanium phosphate and tin phosphate/polyaniline hybrid films by electrochemical deposition.

The preparation of hybrid films of metal (Ti and Sn) phosphate nanosheets and polyaniline by simultaneous electrophoretic and electrolytic deposition was performed in an acetonitrile solvent. Emeraldine polyaniline was intercalated between the phosphate nanosheets with a monolayer arrangement. The obtained hybrid films were several tens of micrometers in thickness.

Anodic electrodeposition of highly oriented zirconium phosphate and polyaniline-intercalated zirconium phosphate films.

Films of highly oriented alpha-zirconium phosphate and polyaniline-intercalated zirconium phosphate with controllable thickness in the micrometer range were grown anodically on Pt electrodes. To optimize the electrodeposition conditions, the exfoliation of alpha-zirconium phosphate by tetrabutylammonium (TBA) salts was investigated in several nonaqueous solvents. Acetonitrile was found to be the best solvent for making crack-free, oriented films because of its high vapor pressure, low viscosity, and relatively high permittivity.