Intracellular dark spots are associated with endothelial cell loss after Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty.

Intracellular dark endothelial spots (IDESs) on specular microscopy developed in 78/122 patients (63.9%) after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK). Endothelial cell density (ECD) after DSAEK was significantly smaller in eyes with IDES when compared with those without at all time points (p<0.

Revealing subependymal giant cell astrocytoma with multimodal positron emission tomography: illustrative cases.

Background: There is limited literature on the use of positron emission tomography (PET) for benign tumors originating in the brain ventricles, and the use of multiple tracers for subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) has not been reported. The authors compared the PET findings in two SEGA cases with past reports and literature, exploring the distinctive characteristics of SEGA on PET.

Observations: In a 21-year-old female with SEGA, the authors utilized 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), 11C-methionine (11C-MET), 18F-fluorothymidine (18F-FLT), 18F-fluoromisonidazole, and 18F-THK5351 tracers.

Machine learning-based detection of sleep-disordered breathing in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is often concomitant with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), which can cause adverse cardiovascular events. Although an appropriate approach to SDB prevents cardiac remodelling, detection of concomitant SDB in patients with HCM remains suboptimal. Thus, we aimed to develop a machine learning-based discriminant model for SDB in HCM.

Antiproliferative effects of D-allose associated with reduced cell division frequency in glioblastoma.

Recent studies have shown that D-allose, a rare sugar, elicits antitumor effects on different types of solid cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. In this study, we examined the effects of D-allose on the proliferation of human glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines (i.e.

Effects of a monoclonal antibody against (pro)renin receptor on gliomagenesis.

Glioblastoma is characterized by a strong self-renewal potential and poor differentiated state. We have reported previously that the (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] is a potential target for glioma therapy by silencing the (P)RR gene. Here, we have examined the effects of a monoclonal antibody against (P)RR on gliomagenesis.

Subclinical and latent cardiac dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea and effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with various cardiovascular disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effects of OSA on left ventricular (LV) function in patients with OSA who were at risk for heart failure but who had not yet developed structural heart changes. The study also sought to determine the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in these patients.

Acute Myocardial Infarction Due to Coronary Artery Embolism during Chemotherapy with mFOLFOX-6 Plus Bevacizumab for Metastatic Colon Cancer.

Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor, may be associated with arterial embolisms. We herein report a case of acute myocardial infarction caused by coronary embolism during combination chemotherapy with mFOLFOX-6 and bevacizumab in a patient with metastatic colon cancer. Thromboembolism occurred only in the distal right posterolateral branch without stenotic lesions or plaque rupture in the proximal branch of the right coronary artery.

Emergency Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in a Surgical Aortic Bioprosthetic Valve for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Caused by Sudden Progression of Structural Valve Deterioration.

Bioprosthetic aortic valves have limited durability. We herein report sudden progression of structural valve deterioration (SVD) and a successful case of emergency transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) implantation for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) caused by SVD. A 79-year-old man who had undergone a Bentall operation 11 years prior was diagnosed with ADHF due to suddenly progressive SVD.

Difficulty Diagnosing Retrograde Type A Aortic Dissection with Intramural Hematoma and Risk of Re-dissection and Rupture: A Report of Two Cases.

Acute type A aortic dissection is a potentially fatal disease, and emergency surgery should be considered when it is diagnosed. We herein report two cases of retrograde type A aortic dissection with intramural hematoma, followed by re-dissection, rupture, and cardiac tamponade. The diagnoses in these cases had to be made carefully, as the false lumen of the ascending aorta was sometimes unclear on contrast-enhanced computed tomography.

Primary Central Nervous System Methotrexate-associated Lymphoproliferative Disorder in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Methotrexate (MTX) is an immunosuppressor that is widely used to treat autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it can have serious adverse effects including a lymphoma: MTX-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD). Extranodal lesions are common in MTX-LPD patients.

A Case of Nonconsecutive Multiple-level Lumbar Spondylolysis Successfully Treated with Single-level Repair of the Pars Interarticularis.

Lumbar spondylolysis is commonly recognized at a single-level of the lumbar spine and frequently affects the L5 pars interarticularis unilaterally or bilaterally. Some reports have described multiple-level spondylolysis, most cases of which occur at consecutive lumbar segments. We herein present a rare case of lumbar spondylolysis involving nonconsecutive multiple-level segments; only eight such cases have been reported previously.

Delayed Occurrence of C3 Vertebra Anterior Subluxation Diagnosed after Surgery for Epidural Hematoma.

A case of delayed occurrence of C3 vertebra anterior subluxation diagnosed 10 days after surgery for epidural hematoma is herein described. A 56-year-old man underwent surgery for right epidural hematoma. No spinal fracture was identified on the cervical-spinal computed tomography (CT) on arrival.

Repair of damaged cortical artery by direct micro-suture in surgical treatment of acute subdural hematoma: technical note.

Background: In surgical treatment of acute subdural hematoma (ASDH), neurosurgeons frequently encounter bleeding from cortical arteries, which is usually controlled with bipolar coagulation. However, bipolar coagulation is associated with a risk of sacrificing the cortical artery, which may affect the prognosis of neurological symptoms when these cortical arteries supply critical areas. In this article, we describe microsurgical repair of damaged cortical arteries using a 10-0 nylon micro-suture in patients with arterial-origin ASDH.

A Case of Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke Caused by Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia after Detaining Hepatic Arterial Infusion Catheter.

In Japan, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) using reservoir system is recommended for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) whose hepatic spare ability is favorable. Arterial infusion catheter is commonly detained in hepatic artery via femoral or brachial artery. In our hospital, catheter is often inserted by puncturing the left subclavian or brachial artery considering the patient's activities of daily living (ADL) during long-term detaining.

The Diagnosis of Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection by Optical Coherence Tomography.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is rare, but it frequently presents as acute myocardial infarction. It is frequently fatal and most cases are diagnosed at autopsy. We herein present the case of a 65-year-old woman with ST-elevation and myocardial infarction due to SCAD.

Ischemic Tolerance of the Brain and Spinal Cord: A Review.

Ischemic tolerance is an endogenous neuroprotective phenomenon induced by sublethal ischemia. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC), the first discovered form of ischemic tolerance, is widely seen in many species and in various organs including the brain and the spinal cord. Ischemic tolerance of the spinal cord is less familiar among neurosurgeons, although it has been reported from the viewpoint of preventing ischemic spinal cord injury during aortic surgery.

Loss of Fourth Electron-Transferring Tryptophan in Animal (6-4) Photolyase Impairs DNA Repair Activity in Bacterial Cells.

(6-4) photolyases [(6-4)PLs] are flavoproteins that use blue light to repair the ultraviolet-induced pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimidone photoproduct in DNA. Their flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor can be reduced to its repair-active FADH form by a photoinduced electron transfer reaction. In animal (6-4)PLs, a chain of four Trp residues was suggested to be involved in a stepwise transfer of an oxidation hole from the flavin to the surface of the protein.

[A Case of Central-Type Disc Herniation at the C7/T1 Level Presenting with Myelopathy].

In contrast to other levels of upper disc spaces, the Luschka joints are usually absent at the C7/T1 disc space. Therefore, it has been reported that the C7/T1 disc herniation is prone to herniate laterally rather than centrally. In this manuscript, we describe an extremely rare central-type disc herniation at the C7/T1 level presented with myelopathy.

Acute Cerebral Artery Occlusion by a Calcified Embolus with False Patency Sign on Computed Tomographic Angiography.

Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is a quick and accurate method in triage to determine recanalization therapies for acute ischemic stroke. To minimize delay in the start of recanalization therapies, performance of CTA immediately after unenhanced brain computed tomography (CT) is recommended as the minimum standard. However, there are some pitfalls related to image interpretation of CTA in acute stroke, such as false patency sign.

Churg-Strauss syndrome with severe granulomatous angiitis and crescentic glomerulonephritis, which developed during therapy with a leukotriene receptor antagonist.

A 77-year-old Japanese female developed Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS), showing fever and numbness in bilateral hands. She was being treated for bronchial asthma with combination inhalant of corticosteroid with beta(2)-agonist, and an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA), montelukast, for 15 months. She presented fever up to 38°C with microscopic hematuria and proteinuria, serum creatinine level of 0.

Catalytic chain-breaking pyridinol antioxidants.

The synthesis of 3-pyridinols carrying alkyltelluro, alkylseleno, and alkylthio groups is described together with a detailed kinetic, thermodynamic, and mechanistic study of their antioxidant activity. When assayed for their capacity to inhibit azo-initiated peroxidation of linoleic acid in a water/chlorobenzene two-phase system, tellurium-containing 3-pyridinols were readily regenerable by N-acetylcysteine contained in the aqueous phase. The best inhibitors quenched peroxyl radicals more efficiently than alpha-tocopherol, and the duration of inhibition was limited only by the availability of the thiol reducing agent.

Catalytic chain-breaking pyridinol antioxidants.

When assayed for their capacity to inhibit azo-initiated peroxidation of linoleic acid in a water/chlorobenzene two-phase system, tellurium-containing 3-pyridinols were readily regenerable by N-acetylcysteine contained in the aqueous phase. The best inhibitors quenched peroxyl radicals more efficiently than alpha-tocopherol, and the duration of inhibition was limited only by the availability of the thiol reducing agent. The compounds were also found to catalyze reduction of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of thiol reducing agent.