Publications by authors named "Takahiro Inoue"

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for treating castration-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer in Japanese patients, focusing on the effects on time to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and overall survival (OS).

Methods: This retrospective muti-institutional analysis included 332 patients diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer in Japan between 2018 and 2023. The patients were categorized into two groups: patients receiving ADT combined with ARSI (ARSI group) and those receiving ADT alone or with bicalutamide (ADT group).

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Background: Although health insurance claims data can address questions that clinical trials cannot answer, the uncertainty of disease names and the absence of stage information hinder their use in gastric cancer (GC) research. This study aimed to develop and validate a claims-based algorithm to identify and determine the progression phases of incident GC cases in Japan.

Methods: The gold standard for validation in this retrospective observational study was medical records of patients with incident GC who underwent specific treatments, defined by the claim codes associated with GC treatment.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy (NCHT) versus radical prostatectomy (RP) alone in patients with high-risk prostate cancer undergoing robot-assisted surgery.
  • - Data from 1,023 patients were analyzed, with results showing that those who received NCHT had a lower rate of biochemical recurrence (15.8% vs. 29.5%) and better pathology outcomes compared to the RP-only group.
  • - The findings indicate that NCHT could be a beneficial pre-surgery treatment for high-risk prostate cancer, improving outcomes without significant safety concerns, although some adverse events were noted.
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Tick saliva modulates host responses during a blood feeding process. We identified a novel chemokine binding protein 1-like (HLCBP1-like) gene from the salivary glands of the Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis. The HLCBP1-like protein, lacking a well-defined conserved domain, showed structural similarity to evasin, a chemokine binding protein from the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus.

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The introduction of the "da Vinci S HD Surgical System" marked a significant shift towards robotic surgeries in Japan. However, initial high costs and lack of efficacy data posed barriers to its widespread adoption. By 2023, more than 570 da Vinci units were operational in Japan, highlighting the growing acceptance of robotic surgery despite these challenges.

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Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is the most common adverse event of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy and is usually characterized by systemic symptoms such as fever, hypotension, and hypoxia. However, there have been several recent reports of local CRS characterized by cervical swelling. This localized syndrome can cause life-threatening laryngeal edema and requires early diagnostic treatment.

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Intratumoral hypoxia is associated with tumor progression, aggressiveness, and therapeutic resistance in several cancers. Hypoxia causes cancer cells to experience replication stress, thereby activating DNA damage and repair pathways. MutT homologue-1 (MTH1, also known as NUDT1), a member of the Nudix family, maintains the genomic integrity and viability of tumor cells in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment.

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COVID-19 can lead to various complications, including severe respiratory symptoms. Both viral infections and total thyroidectomy are known to cause hypocalcemia, making a history of thyroidectomy a potential risk factor for hypocalcemia in COVID-19 patients. We present the case of a 34-year-old woman with Graves' disease who developed hypocalcemia due to COVID-19 following a total thyroidectomy.

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Article Synopsis
  • - This fourth edition of the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Prostate Cancer 2023 was developed by the Japanese Urological Association and involved experts from various related organizations, ensuring a comprehensive approach to prostate cancer management.
  • - The guidelines emphasize the use of systematic reviews to inform recommendations for 14 specific clinical questions, with decisions made based on the collective input of 24 guideline development members.
  • - A general statement outlines findings from literature searches on areas not covered by systematic reviews, with a focus on updates and changes since the last guidelines published in 2016.
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  • - The study aims to determine how the presence of cribriform pattern 4 carcinoma/intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (CC/IDCP) affects the likelihood of having persistent prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in men with localized prostate cancer.
  • - Researchers analyzed data from 730 patients who underwent RARP between 2015 and 2021, excluding those with metastasis or previous cancer treatments, to assess the correlation between CC/IDCP and persistent PSA levels, defined as PSA ≥0.2 ng/mL one month after surgery.
  • - The findings showed 6.3% of patients had persistent PSA levels, with CC/IDCP identified
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  • Solid tumors, leukemias, and lymphomas exhibit significant changes in nuclear structure, which are important for cancer diagnosis and may impact how cancer cells function.
  • The nuclear matrix (NM) is essential for the nucleus's structure and interacts with various protein complexes that influence gene activity and DNA organization, potentially contributing to cancer progression.
  • Research on LNCaP and LN96 prostate cancer cell lines shows that purine-rich element binding protein alpha (PURα) is a key NM protein that differs between the two cell lines, suggesting it may play a significant role in prostate cancer.
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  • Researchers used a 5' single-cell RNA sequencing method to identify where enhancer RNAs and other RNA types start in human CD4 T cells, uncovering variations in cell types and their development.
  • By combining these RNA datasets with single-cell chromatin profiles, they found that unique active enhancers and their RNA production are specific to certain cell types and are linked to disease risk.
  • The study created a detailed atlas of these enhancers that helps to understand how genetic variations are related to various immune-mediated diseases.
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  • In Japan, comprehensive cancer data is collected, but urological cancers like prostate, bladder, and kidney cancers are often underreported in research.
  • A study analyzed cancer statistics from various sources and found that new cases of these urological cancers increased, with over 94,000 new prostate cancer cases reported in 2019 and mortality rates also rising.
  • The findings highlight a significant increase in mortality rates among patients over 85 years old, indicating that urological cancers in this age group will become increasingly relevant in healthcare planning.
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Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major scenario for the use of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), particularly when complicated by cardiogenic shock, although the utilization of mechanical circulatory support devices varies widely per hospital. We evaluated the relationship, at the hospital level, between the volume of IABP use and mortality in AMI.

Methods and results: Using a Japanese nationwide administrative database, 26,490 patients with AMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from 154 hospitals were included in this study.

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Background: Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is a recently developed non-pharmacological therapy for refractory bronchial asthma. Although increasing evidence has suggested that BT is effective for various phenotypes of severe asthma, its safety and efficacy in patients with severe irreversible impaired lung function are unclear.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of BT in patients with refractory asthma, including patients with a severely impaired forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1).

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Exercise increases the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain and contributes to cognitive and sensorimotor functions. This study aimed to elucidate how repeated exercise modifies BDNF expression elicited by a single bout of exercise in the brain using in vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Bdnf-luciferase (Luc) mice with the firefly luciferase gene inserted at the translation start point of the Bdnf gene were used for BLI to monitor changes in BDNF expression in the brain.

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  • The study aims to create a straightforward risk stratification model for postoperative prostate cancer patients using data from radical prostatectomy specimens.* -
  • A derivation cohort of 432 patients and two validation cohorts (506 and 720 patients) were analyzed, focusing on factors like extraprostatic extension and lymph node involvement to develop the model.* -
  • The resulting 3-level risk classification (low, intermediate, high) effectively predicted recurrence-free survival and proved more accurate than the existing CAPRA score in the validation cohorts.*
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Background: Stroke care units provide advanced intensive care for unstable patients with acute stroke. We conducted a survey to clarify the differences in stroke care units between urban and regional cities and the relationship between the number of stroke care unit beds and neurologists.

Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in 2,857 and 4,184 hospitals in urban and regional cities in 47 provinces of Japan, respectively, between January 2020 and August 2023.

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Background: Predictive biomarkers for nivolumab in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (RMHNSCC) have not yet been established.

Methods: The tumor proportion score (TPS), combined positive score (CPS), and soluble forms of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and programmed cell death ligand-2 (PD-L2) were retrospectively analyzed in patients with RMHNSCC treated with nivolumab.

Results: The positivity rates for TPS (PD-L1), CPS (PD-L1), TPS (PD-L2), and CPS (PD-L2) were 73.

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Lipomas are among the most common soft tissue tumors. Surgical removal of lipoma is considered if the patient has symptoms or cosmetic challenges. Lipomas that develop from any fat tissue in the body and involve the eustachian tube are extremely rare.

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  • Low skeletal muscle mass, specifically measured by psoas muscle parameters, is linked to worse outcomes in patients with advanced prostate cancer undergoing hormone therapy.
  • A study of 121 patients found that those with lower psoas muscle index had significant correlations with progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer and overall survival rates.
  • The psoas muscle index serves as an independent predictor of survival, indicating that assessing muscle mass could be crucial in managing treatment for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer.
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Salivary gland cancer (SGC) is rare and comprises over 20 histological subtypes. Recently, clinical experience regarding immunotherapies for SGCs has been accumulating, yet their efficacy remains controversial. Understanding the tumor microenvironment (TME), including the expression of immune checkpoint molecules in SGC, is crucial to optimizing immunotherapy.

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Synopsis of recent research by authors named "Takahiro Inoue"

  • - Takahiro Inoue's recent research focuses on advances in surgical techniques and cancer treatment innovations, particularly highlighting the increasing adoption and effectiveness of robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy in Japan, as well as various immunotherapy approaches tailored to specific cancer types such as head and neck and salivary gland cancers.
  • - His investigations include the implications of localized cytokine release syndrome in CAR-T cell therapy, the influence of hypoxia on cancer progression, and the efficacy of novel predictive biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, suggesting a multidisciplinary approach to understanding and treating complex conditions.
  • - Inoue's work also addresses public health concerns through comprehensive cancer statistics and clinical guidelines, as well as the development of risk stratification models based on histopathologic findings to improve patient outcomes in prostate cancer treatment.