In vivo kinematic analysis of failure cases after nonanatomical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a preliminary study.

Background: Nonanatomical anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction occasionally induces ACL failure without an evident injury episode, necessitating revision surgery. Although the in vivo kinematics of ACL deficiency before primary ACL reconstruction are well documented, the kinematics of ACL failure after nonanatomical reconstruction remain unexplored. The aim of this study is to investigate ACL failure kinematics following nonanatomical reconstruction.

Medial pivot total knee arthroplasty for valgus knees provides equivalent medial stability compared to that for varus knees: In vivo kinematic study.

Purpose: The efficacy of medial pivot total knee arthroplasty (MP TKA) in treating valgus knees that may cause medial instability is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vivo kinematics of MP TKA for the valgus knees and compare them to those for the varus knees.

Methods: The kinematics of 19 valgus knees and 19 varus knees operated in the MP TKA were investigated under fluoroscopy during squatting using a two- to three-dimensional registration technique.

Biofluorometric Acetone Gas Sensor of Sub-ppbv Level Sensitivity.

Acetone gas in exhaled breath and skin gas is produced when fatty acids are used as an energy source in the body. The selective and sensitive continuous measurement of acetone gas would be useful for the early screening of diabetes mellitus, a condition characterized by increased fatty acid metabolism. In particular, there is a growing need for acetone gas sensors that enable the wearable measurement of trace concentrations of acetone gas emitted through the skin.

Tandem Imaging of Breath Ethanol and Acetaldehyde Based on Multiwavelength Enzymatic Biofluorometry.

Highly sensitive and selective imaging of human-borne volatile organic compounds (VOCs) enables an intuitive understanding of their concentrations and release sites. While multi-VOC imaging methods have the potential to facilitate step-by-step metabolic tracking and improve disease screening accuracy, no such system currently exists. In this study, we achieved simultaneous imaging of ethanol (EtOH) and acetaldehyde (AcH), the starting molecule and an intermediate metabolite of alcohol metabolism, using a multiwavelength VOC imaging system.

kinematic comparison of bi-cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty between mechanical alignment and functional alignment methods.

Background/objective: This study aimed to clarify the kinematics of bi-cruciate-retaining (BCR) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) by comparing the mechanical alignment (MA) and functional alignment (FA) methods and to evaluate differences between the two alignment methods.

Methods: The kinematics of 20 MA TKA and 20 FA TKA knees were investigated under fluoroscopy during squatting using a two-to three-dimensional registration technique. Accordingly, knee flexion angle, axial rotational angle, varus-valgus angle, anteroposterior translation of the medial and lateral low contact points of the femoral component relative to the tibial component and kinematic pathway were evaluated.

Image Sensing of Gaseous Acetone Using Secondary Alcohol Dehydrogenase-Immobilized Mesh for Exhaled Air.

Human-borne acetone is a potent marker of lipid metabolism. Here, an enzyme immobilization method for secondary alcohol dehydrogenase (S-ADH), which is suitable for highly sensitive and selective biosensing of acetone, was developed, and then its applicability was demonstrated for spatiotemporal imaging of concentration distribution. After various investigations, S-ADH-immobilized meshes could be prepared with less than 5% variation by cross-linking S-ADH with glutaraldehyde on a cotton mesh at 40 °C for 15 min.

Biofluorometric Gas-Imaging System for Evaluating the Ripening Stages of "La France" Pear Based on Ethanol Vapor Emitted the Epicarp.

Fruits can emit ethanol, which is generated through fermentation during hypoxic storage. We imaged spatiotemporal changes in the gaseous ethanol emitted by "La France" pear its epicarp. The gas-imaging system utilized enzymes to transduce the ethanol concentration into fluorescence intensity.

Graft Suturing Method Affects on Graft Diameter in Hamstring-Based Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Introduction:  Various benefits of needleless suture loop techniques in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction graft preparation have been discussed, yet their impact on graft diameter remains unexplored. We hypothesized that the suture loop technique would reduce the graft diameter compared to the conventional locking suture technique.

Methods:  Fifty-seven patients whose grafts were made with the Krackow stitch (group K) and 54 patients with the suture loop (group SL) were analyzed retrospectively.

Initial graft tension affects patellofemoral alignment during anatomical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the differences in initial graft tension (IGT) on patellofemoral alignment in the axial plane after anatomical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods: A total of 102 patients who underwent primary anatomical ACLR using a bone-patellar-tendon-bone autograft were enrolled. The grafts were fixed with maximum manual force at full knee extension (higher graft tension; H group) and with 5-20 N at 20° knee flexion which corresponded to 80 N at full knee extension (lower graft tension; L group) pulls in 39 and 63 patients, respectively.

In Vitro Performance of a Long-Range Surface Plasmon Hydrogel Aptasensor for Continuous and Real-Time Vancomycin Measurement in Human Serum.

This study investigated the suitability of surface modification for a long-range surface plasmon (LRSP) aptasensor using two different hydrogels, aiming at real-time monitoring of vancomycin (VCM) in undiluted serum and blood. Three different layer structures were formed on a gold surface of LRSP sensor chip using poly[2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)---methacryloyl-(L)-tyrosinemethylester (MAT)] (PMM) and poly[MPC--2-ethylhexyl methacrylate (EHMA)--MAT] (PMEM). The peptide aptamer for VCM was immobilized in PMM and PMEM via MAT.

Intraoperative reliability of the tibial anteroposterior axis "Akagi's Line" in total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: The tibial anatomical anteroposterior (AP) axis "Akagi's line" was originally defined on computed tomography (CT) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however, its intraoperative reproducibility remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the intraoperative reproducibility of the Akagi's line and its effect on postoperative clinical outcomes.

Methods: This prospective study included 171 TKAs.

Mouthguard-Type Wearable Sensor for Monitoring Salivary Turbidity to Assess Oral Hygiene.

Salivary turbidity is a promising indicator for evaluating oral hygiene. This study proposed a wearable mouthguard-type sensor for continuous and unconstrained measurement of salivary turbidity. The sensor evaluated turbidity by measuring the light transmittance of saliva with an LED and a phototransistor sealed inside a double-layered mouthguard.

Factors Associated With a Lateral Ankle Sprain in Young Female Soccer Players: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Previous studies have attempted to determine if certain risk factors can predict the occurrence of a lateral ankle sprain (LAS) in female soccer players. Unfortunately, there is limited evidence with regard to risk factors associated with an LAS in female soccer players.

Purpose: To identify intrinsic risk factors for an LAS among young female soccer players.

Lower hamstring to quadriceps muscle strength ratio and lower body weight as factors associated with noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury in male American football players: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Previous studies have aimed to determine the use of certain risk factors in predicting the occurrence of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Unfortunately, evidence regarding noncontact ACL injuries in male American football players is limited. This prospective cohort study aimed to identify intrinsic risk factors for noncontact ACL injury among male American football players.

Postoperative quadriceps weakness and male sex are risk factors for patellofemoral articular cartilage lesions after anatomical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: Patellofemoral (PF) compartment cartilage lesions are a frequent problem after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence PF cartilage lesions after anatomical ACL reconstruction.

Methods: This study enrolled a total of 114 patients who did not manifest PF compartment cartilage lesions during anatomical ACL reconstruction and underwent second-look arthroscopy 18 months postoperatively.

Comparison of finite helical axis of the knee joint before and after bi-cruciate-preserving knee arthroplasty.

Background: Difference in the finite helical axis of the knee joints before and after anterior cruciate ligament-preserving knee arthroplasties such as unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and bi-cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty remains unknown. This study compared the knee finite helical axes before and after bi-cruciate-preserving knee arthroplasty.

Methods: Patients undergoing medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and bi-cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty were included.

Gas-Phase Biosensors (Bio-Sniffers) for Measurement of 2-Nonenal, the Causative Volatile Molecule of Human Aging-Related Body Odor.

The molecule 2-nonenal is renowned as the origin of unpleasant human aging-related body odor that can potentially indicate age-related metabolic changes. Most 2-nonenal measurements rely on chromatographic analytical systems, which pose challenges in terms of daily usage and the ability to track changes in concentration over time. In this study, we have developed liquid- and gas-phase biosensors (bio-sniffers) with the aim of enabling facile and continuous measurement of -2-nonenal vapor.

Real-Time Continuous Monitoring of Oral Soft Tissue Pressure with a Wireless Mouthguard Device for Assessing Tongue Thrusting Habits.

In orthodontics, understanding the pressure of oral soft tissues on teeth is important to elucidate the cause and establish treatment methods. We developed a small wireless mouthguard (MG)-type device that continuously and unrestrainedly measures pressure, which had previously been unachieved, and evaluated its feasibility in human subjects. First, the optimal device components were considered.

Intraoperative femoral rotational kinematics are similar in varus and valgus knees during medial pivot total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Medial-pivot type total knee arthroplasty is designed to reproduce physiological femoral rotational kinematics during knee flexion; however, its rotational kinematics in valgus knees remain unknown. This study's hypothesis is that its kinematics show the similar medial pivot motion in valgus knees as in varus knees.

Methods: This retrospective study included 50 cases of primary medial-pivot type total knee arthroplasty performed with navigation for knee osteoarthritis.

Long-range surface plasmon aptasensor for label-free monitoring of vancomycin.

Vancomycin (VCM) causes poisoning symptoms at high concentrations; thus, therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended to measure and control blood levels regularly. However, blood analysis at regular intervals does not allow knowing the detailed temporal change in concentration. To address this challenge, we developed a long-range surface plasmon (LRSP) aptasensor for measuring VCM label-free and real-time by combining a sensitive LRSP sensor and a peptide aptamer with a VCM recognition site.

Anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee induces a posterior location of the femur in the medial compartment during squatting.

Although an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency induces knee osteoarthritis, particularly in the medial compartment, the kinematics remains partially unclear. This study investigated the in vivo knee kinematics of ACL-deficient and normal knees by comparing them during squatting. This prospective comparative study included 17 ACL-deficient knees and 20 normal knees.

In vivo kinematic comparison of medial pivot total knee arthroplasty in weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing deep knee bending.

Background: This study aimed to determine the kinematics of medial pivot total knee arthroplasty by comparing weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing deep knee bending and to evaluate the effect of the weight-bearing state on the kinematics.

Methods: The kinematics of 19 knees were investigated under fluoroscopy during squatting (weight-bearing) and active-assisted knee bending (non-weight-bearing) using two- to three-dimensional registration technique. Accordingly, range of motion, anteroposterior translation for the medial and lateral low contact points, axial rotation of the femoral component relative to the tibial component and kinematic pathway were evaluated.