Publications by authors named "Takahiro Akita"

Article Synopsis
  • Predicting genetic mutations in lung cancer is challenging, but tumor markers like CEA and CYFRA21-1 may help identify gene mutations for earlier testing and treatment.
  • The study analyzed advanced ALK-positive and EGFR-positive lung cancer cases, establishing specific cutoff values for tumor markers to assess their effectiveness.
  • Results showed that ALK-positive patients had higher positivity rates for CYFRA21-1 and better median ratios than EGFR-positive patients, indicating different tumor marker profiles between the two groups.
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Background: As an epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), osimertinib has emerged as a standard EGFR-mutation positive treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the efficacy of osimertinib for malignant pleural effusion (MPE) remains understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of osimertinib on time to treatment failure (TTF) and overall survival (OS) in patients with EGFR-mutation positive NSCLC, comparing those with and without MPE.

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Background: KRAS mutation positive lung cancer is known to be clinically characterized by older age, males, and smokers. It is reported to be more common in mucinous adenocarcinoma, but all reports are based on analysis of tissue samples. Recently, blood samples have become available for analysis, suggesting a low detection rate of circulating tumor DNA in histological types, especially mucinous adenocarcinoma.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study analyzed survival data from 2078 stage IV NSCLC patients between 1995 and 2022 to assess the impact of new anticancer treatments, specifically next-generation TKIs and ICIs.
  • The results showed that median overall survival increased significantly from period D (2010-2014) to period E (2015-2019), with patients in period E living longer regardless of genetic alterations.
  • The findings suggest that recent advancements in treatment are linked to improved survival rates for NSCLC patients.
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Article Synopsis
  • Data on re-administering EGFR-TKIs after osimertinib failure in patients with T790M-positive NSCLC is scarce and efficacy can vary based on T790M mutation status.
  • A study looked at 28 patients who received EGFR-TKI re-administration, out of which 17 had repeat biopsies to analyze their T790M status before treatment.
  • The results showed a 31% overall response rate (ORR) and 54% disease control rate (DCR) in the T790M loss group, indicating that re-administration may be more effective in patients with T790M loss compared to the general population.
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Background: Genomic profiling of tumors from cancer patients facilitates molecular-guided therapy. The turnaround time is one of important issues to deliver results timely for clinical decisions. The Ion Torrent™ Genexus™ Integrated Sequencer automates all next generation sequencing (NGS) workflows and delivers results within a day.

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Background: Dacomitinib is the second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR-TKIs are often re-administered in Japan after the disease progression prior EGFR-TKI. There is little evidence of dacomitinib in rechallenge setting.

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Background: Long-term follow-up of oral fluralaner for canine demodicosis has not been demonstrated.

Objectives: A multicentre prospective open trial for the efficacy of oral fluralaner for the long-term (>12 month) management of canine demodicosis.

Animals: Client-owned dogs diagnosed with demodicosis at nine veterinary clinics.

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We retrospectively evaluated clinical data from patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with third-generation chemotherapy agents prior to treatment, to determine a reliable method for predicting prognosis in such patients. We analyzed 100 patients who received third-generation agents (paclitaxel, docetaxel, gemcitabine, irinotecan, and vinorelbine) for the treatment of advanced NSCLC. Factors significantly related to prognosis were evaluated using the Cox regression model, and the prognostic index (PI) was determined by combining these factors.

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Cell migration is an essential step for tumor metastasis. The small GTPase Rac1 plays an important role in cell migration. Previously, we reported that epidermal growth factor (EGF) induced two waves of Rac1 activation; namely, at 5 min and 12 h after stimulation.

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We retrospectively examined the results of antiemetic therapy with granisetron and dexamethasone; with granisetron, dexamethasone and aprepitant; and with palonosetron, dexamethasone and aprepitant, in patients who received chemotherapy with cisplatin at 50 mg/m2 or more for the first time. Vomiting was dramatically reduced by the concomitant administration of aprepitant. There was no difference in this effect when palonosetron was used instead of granisetron as a serotonin receptor antagonist.

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