Esophago-gastric motility and nutritional management in a child with ATR-X syndrome.

X-linked alpha thalassemia mental retardation (ATR-X) syndrome is an X-linked recessive disorder that often involves gastrointestinal symptoms. Aspiration pneumonia related to gastroesophageal reflux has been reported as the major cause of death, but gastrointestinal function has not been well investigated. The present report describes a child with ATR-X syndrome who suffered from periodical episodes of refractory vomiting.

Endoscopic shelf acetabuloplasty combined with labral repair, cam osteochondroplasty, and capsular plication for treating developmental hip dysplasia.

In addition to the underlying shallow acetabular deformity, a patient with hip dysplasia has a greater risk of development of a labral tear, a cam lesion, and capsular laxity. This combination of abnormalities exacerbates joint instability, ultimately leading to osteoarthritis. Unsurprisingly, only repairing the acetabular labrum remains controversial, and the outcome is unpredictable.

Subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy combined with cemented total hip arthroplasty for Crowe group IV hips.

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a challenging surgical procedure that can be used to treat severely dislocated hips. There are few reports regarding cemented THAs involving subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy (SSO), even though cemented THAs provide great advantages because the femur is generally hypoplastic with a narrow, deformed canal.

Purposes: We evaluated the utility of cemented THA with SSO for Crowe group IV hips, and assessed the relationship between leg lengthening and nerve injury.

Analysis of perioperative clinical features and complications after orthopaedic surgery in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with tocilizumab in a real-world setting: results from the multicentre TOcilizumab in Perioperative Period (TOPP) study.

Objective: To evaluate perioperative changes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with tocilizumab.

Methods: We collected RA cases with tocilizumab and orthopaedic surgery from 1999 to 2010. Incidences of postoperative infections, delayed wound healing, and RA symptom flare-ups were extracted from the data for comparison with patients without these postoperative events.

Clinical and radiographic results from a 2-year comparison of once-weekly versus twice-weekly administration of etanercept in biologics-naive patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: The twice-weekly administration of 25 mg of etanercept (TW) has been shown to be effective in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the once-weekly administration of 25 mg of etanercept (OW) was tried in order to address the economic burden of anti-rheumatic biologics. We evaluated the clinical and radiographic results from a 2-year follow-up study of patients receiving OW or TW.

A case of rheumatoid pericarditis associated with a high IL-6 titer in the pericardial fluid and tocilizumab treatment.

We report a 60-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis complicated by pericarditis. Treatment with tocilizumab improved her polyarthritis, but the pericardial effusion increased so rapidly as to cause cardiac tamponade before the treatment could prove its efficacy. Pericardial effusion disappeared after pericardiocentesis.

Regenerative effects of transplanting autologous mesenchymal stem cells on corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis in rabbits.

Osteonecrosis (ON) of the femoral head is one of the most serious complications associated with steroid administration. Here, we treated corticosteroid-induced ON in the rabbit by transplanting mesenchymal cells (MCs). Rabbits were injected once with 20 mg/kg of methylprednisolone (MPSL) and divided into three groups as follows: (1) MPSL alone (no further treatment); (2) MPSL+MCs (7 days after MPSL, MCs [1 x 10(7)/2 ml] were injected into the bone marrow cavity of the femurs); (3) MPSL+saline (7 days after MPSL, saline [2 ml] was injected into the bone marrow cavity of the femurs).