Adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 after curative chemoradiotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Reanalysis of the ACTS-HNC study.

Background: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has improved organ preservation or overall survival (OS) of locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer (LAHNSCC), but in clinical trials of conventional CRT, increasing CRT intensity has not been shown to improve OS. In the Adjuvant ChemoTherapy with S-1 after curative treatment in patients with Head and Neck Cancer (ACTS-HNC) phase III study, OS of curative locoregional treatments improved more with adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 (tegafur gimeracil oteracil potassium) than with tegafur/uracil (UFT). ACTS HNC study showed the significant efficacy of S-1 after curative radiotherapy in sub-analysis.

Prognostic significance of metabolic tumor volume in patients with piriform sinus carcinoma treated by radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the prognostic significance of the pretreatment metabolic tumor volume (MTV) in patients with piriform sinus carcinoma treated by radiation-based therapy.

Methods: This retrospective study included 100 patients with piriform sinus carcinomas who had received treatment by radiation-based therapy. The MTV values were obtained from pretreatment positron emission tomography (PET).

[Two Cases of Masticator Space Abscess Spreading from Infections of the Mandibular Teeth].

The masticator space is located between the masseteric fascia and the pterygoid muscle fascia. Here we report two cases of masticator space abscesses spreading from infections of mandibular teeth. Case 1 is an 85-year-old lady who were referred to Yokohama City University Hospital with a left-cheek swelling and trismus.

Surgery-based versus radiation-based treatment strategy for a high metabolic volume laryngeal cancer.

Objective/hypothesis: We previously reported that the metabolic tumor volume (MTV) of a primary tumor was an independent prognostic factor for survival in laryngeal carcinoma treated by radiotherapy (RT)-based protocol. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference in survival outcomes between surgery-based and RT-based treatment in patients with a MTV laryngeal cancer.

Study Design: An individual retrospective cohort study.

Symmetric Lipomatosis Arising in the Tongue Presenting as Macroglossia and Articulatory Disorder.

Symmetric lipomatosis is definitively characterized by symmetric, tumorous lipomatous proliferation of adipose tissue that often develops in the head and neck, shoulders, and upper trunk. However, in the oral region, symmetric lipomatosis of the tongue (SLT) is an extremely rare condition related to generalized lipidosis that is often caused by chronic alcoholism. It is characterized by multiple symmetric lipomatous nodules and diffuse bilateral swelling located within the tongue.

Phase II trial of concurrent bio-chemoradiotherapy using docetaxel, cisplatin, and cetuximab for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Although locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) can be effectively treated using chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with docetaxel (DTX), and cisplatin (CDDP) plus 5-fluorouracil (TPF-CRT), severe adverse events (especially neutropenia) can limit treatment adherence. Therefore, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of a new chemotherapy regimen that consisted of DTX and CDDP plus cetuximab (Cmab) with concurrent radiotherapy.

Methods: Bio-chemoradiotherapy (B-CRT) using DTX, CDDP, and Cmab was administrated to patients with locally advanced HNSCC, and its safety and efficacy were evaluated.

Treatment results and prognostic factors for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with salvage surgery after concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Background: For primary organ preservation, concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is performed for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). In this organ-preservation setting with CCRT, surgery is reserved as a salvage treatment in cases of locoregional failure after CCRT. The purpose of the study was to review our experience with salvage surgery after CCRT for patients with SCCHN and to evaluate the effectiveness and prognostic factors affecting survival.

Imaging strategy for response evaluation to chemoradiotherapy of the nodal disease in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is used to treat lymph node metastatic head and neck cancer patients. Regional control of the neck disease is important to improve the prognosis, and the accuracy of the method used to evaluate the metastatic lymph node(s) after CRT is crucial to the decision-making process for any following salvage surgery.

Methods: Patients undergoing CRT were divided in two groups of patients of those showing complete clinical response (CR) and those showing clinical non-response (non-CR), as assessed by computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasonography, fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and fine needle aspiration cytology.

Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy with Docetaxel, Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil (TPF) in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Several randomized trials have shown that concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) either with or without adjuvant chemotherapy is more effective than radiotherapy-alone for treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The present study retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of CCRT with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) chemotherapy in patients with NPC.

Patients And Methods: The study regimen consisted of two cycles of TPF chemotherapy [docetaxel (90 mg/m(2)), cisplatin (60 mg/m(2)), and continuous 5-fluorouracil (600 mg/m(2)/day: 5 days)] during definitive radiotherapy.

Predictive markers, including total lesion glycolysis, for the response of lymph node(s) metastasis from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated by chemoradiotherapy.

Background: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is used to treat cervical lymph node(s) metastatic head and neck cancer patients. Evaluation and treatment of lymph node(s) after CRT is important to improve the prognosis.

Methods: Prior to CRT, we determined the TNM stage by visual and imaging examinations.

Predictive and prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) in patients with laryngeal carcinoma treated by radiotherapy (RT) / concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Purpose: To evaluate the predictive and prognostic value of pretreatment metabolic tumor volume (MTV) in patients with treated by radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Methods: We reviewed the records of 118 patients with newly diagnosed laryngeal carcinoma, who had been treated by RT or CCRT. Pretreatment positron emission tomography (PET) was performed, and MTV values were obtained by contouring margins of standardized uptake value.

Randomized phase III trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 after curative treatment in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck (ACTS-HNC).

Background: We conducted a phase III study to evaluate S-1 as compared with UFT as control in patients after curative therapy for stage III, IVA, or IVB squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).

Patients And Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to the UFT group (300 or 400 mg day-1 for 1 year) or the S-1 group (80, 100, or 120 mg day-1 for 1 year). The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS).

Phase II study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with S-1 in patients with stage II (T2N0M0) squamous cell carcinoma of the Pharynx or Larynx.

Objective: The goals of treatment for head and neck cancer are cure and organ-function preservation. For organ preservation, primary treatment via radiotherapy alone is thought to be insufficient for Stage II squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, oropharynx or hypopharynx. The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with S-1 for patients with Stage II squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx or larynx for primary organ preservation.

Definitive chemo-radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx: impact of baseline low hemoglobin level (<12 g/dL) and post-radiation therapy F-18 FDG-PET/CT.

Objective: To identify reliable predictors of overall survival (OS), locoregional control (LC), and metastasis-free survival (MFS) after definitive concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the pharynx (nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx), we examined 16 potential prognostic factors, including pre-treatment hemoglobin level and pre- and post-treatment [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography CT (F-18 FDG-PET/CT) maximum standardized up-take values (SUVmax) of primary sites and lymph node (LN) regions.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of 70 patients treated with definitive CCRT for pharyngeal cancer in our institution during July 2006-April 2012, with particular regard to 16 prognostic factors: age, sex, T stage, N stage, retropharyngeal LN (RPLN) involvement, existence of multiple primary cancer, treatment interruptions, overall treatment time, chemotherapy type, pre-treatment hemoglobin level, pre-treatment body mass index, enteral feeding period, and pre- and post-treatment F-18 FDG-PET/CT SUVmax of primary site and LN region. All patients in our cohort underwent pre- and post-treatment F-18 FDG-PET/CT.

[The accuracy of evaluating the response of metastatic lymph nodes after concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma].

Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is used to treat advanced head and neck cancer. The accuracy of evaluating lymph nodes metastases following CCRT is important for subsequent therapy.

Patients And Methods: Patients were divided into two groups according to the nodal status, the complete response (CR) and the non-CR groups, as determined by imaging and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) performed 4-8 weeks after the CCRT, and the findings were compared with the status 6 months after the treatment completion.

[Nuclear translocation of epidermal growth factor receptor and its relation to clinicopathological factors in oral squamous cell carcinomas].

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the receptor tyrosine kinases. Some EGFRs are transferred from membrane to nucleus upon ligand binding and an increase of this translocation causes high-level expression of nuclear EGFR. The high-level expression of nuclear EGFR was reported to be a poor prognostic factor in various cancers such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gallbladder cancer, prostate cancer and oropharyngeal cancer.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Objective: Compared with radiotherapy alone, concurrent chemoradiotherapy significantly improves survival rates for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy, toxicity and long-term prognosis of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy.

Methods: A total of 140 patients were enrolled and evaluated.

Treatment results and prognostic factors for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to review our experience with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for patients with advanced resectable squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) of the hypopharynx and to evaluate the factors affecting survival and larynx preservation.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Methods And Materials: T he records of 102 patients with Stage III or IV resectable SCC of the hypopharynx treated with CCRT between January 1998 and August 2010 were reviewed.

Treatment results and prognostic factors for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Objective: To review our experience with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for patients with advanced resectable squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx and to evaluate the factors affecting survival and larynx preservation.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Subjects And Methods: The records of 102 patients with stage III or IV resectable SCC of the larynx treated with CCRT between February 1994 and March 2009 were reviewed.

Telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus: antitumor effects on radiation-resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Background: Radioresistance remains a critical issue in the use of radiotherapy for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study evaluated the efficacy of combination treatment with OBP-301, a telomerase-specific replication-selective adenovirus, and radiotherapy in overcoming radioresistance by examining its effect on radiation-resistant HNSCC cells.

Methods: Radiation-resistant HNSCC cells were treated with OBP-301 and radiation in vitro and in an orthotopic nude mouse model in vivo and synergism was assessed.

Platinum-based chemotherapy plus cetuximab for the first-line treatment of Japanese patients with recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: results of a phase II trial.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of cetuximab in combination with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil for first-line treatment of Japanese patients with recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Methods: In this open-label, single-arm, multicenter, Phase II study conducted in Japan, patients with confirmed recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck received weekly cetuximab (week 1, 400 mg/m(2); subsequent weeks, 250 mg/m(2)) plus a maximum of six three-weekly cycles of cisplatin (100 mg/m(2), day 1) and 5-fluorouracil (1000 mg/m(2)/day, 24-h infusion, days 1-4). The primary endpoint was the best overall response assessed by an independent review committee according to the modified World Health Organization criteria.

Clinical manifestations and treatment for keratocystic odontogenic tumors associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome: a study in 25 Japanese patients.

Background: Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is an autosomal dominant disorder and is characterized by tumorigenesis and physical deformity. Keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) of the jaws are a common manifestation of this syndrome. This study involved a pooled analysis of Japanese individuals with NBCCS and was performed with the aim of analyzing the clinical features of NBCCS and the patterns of occurrence and recurrence of KCOTs in Japanese individuals.

Limitations of PET and PET/CT in detecting upper gastrointestinal synchronous cancer in patients with head and neck carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of PET (positron emission tomography) or PET/CT (fusion images of PET with computed tomography) in detecting synchronous cancer in patients with head and neck carcinoma. We reviewed 682 patients with carcinoma of the head and neck between January 2001 and December 2010. In 98 patients, 111 synchronous cancers were diagnosed.

Chronic mandibular osteomyelitis with suspected underlying synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome: a case report.

Chronic mandibular osteomyelitis is an intractable disease. In recent years, some case reports have related this disease process to synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome, which is chronic with frequent remissions and exacerbations. This report describes a case of chronic mandibular osteomyelitis suspected to be SAPHO syndrome.