Fusion-Extracted Features by Deep Networks for Improved COVID-19 Classification with Chest X-ray Radiography.

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown promise in accurately diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and bacterial pneumonia using chest X-ray images. However, determining the optimal feature extraction approach is challenging. This study investigates the use of fusion-extracted features by deep networks to improve the accuracy of COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia classification with chest X-ray radiography.

The Association between Smoking Exposure and Reflux Esophagitis: A Cross-sectional Study among Men Conducted as a Part of Health Screening.

Objective Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), including reflux esophagitis (RE), is recognized as a common gastrointestinal disease, and its prevalence is reported to be increasing. While current cigarette smoking has been established as a risk factor for RE in several cross-sectional studies, most of these studies did not include details concerning the smoking status in their analyses. Smoking-related conditions, such as chronic lung disease and cough, are reportedly also related to GERD.

Impact of arm position on vertebral bone marrow proton density fat fraction in chemical-shift-encoded magnetic resonance imaging: a preliminary study.

Arm positions employed during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can affect magnetic field distribution, which may result in variability in proton density fat fraction (PDFF) measurements. This study evaluated the effect of arm position on lumbar PDFF measured using chemical-shift-encoded MRI (CSE-MRI). Fifteen healthy volunteers from a single-center underwent lumbar CSE-MRI at two different arm positions (side and elevated) using a single 3T scanner.

Mixed Reality Visualization of Radiation Dose for Health Professionals and Patients in Interventional Radiology.

For interventional radiology, dose management has persisted as a crucially important issue to reduce radiation exposure to patients and medical staff. This study designed a real-time dose visualization system for interventional radiology designed with mixed reality technology and Monte Carlo simulation. An earlier report described a Monte-Carlo-based estimation system, which simulates a patient's skin dose and air dose distributions, adopted for our system.

Calculating and estimating second cancer risk from breast radiotherapy using Monte Carlo code with internal body scatter for each out-of-field organ.

Out-of-field organs are not commonly designated as dose calculation targets during radiation therapy treatment planning, but they might entail risks of second cancer. Risk components include specific internal body scatter, which is a dominant source of out-of-field doses, and head leakage, which can be reduced by external shielding. Our simulation study quantifies out-of-field organ doses and estimates second cancer risks attributable to internal body scatter in whole-breast radiotherapy (WBRT) with or without additional regional nodal radiotherapy (RNRT), respectively, for right and left breast cancer using Monte Carlo code PHITS.

Immersive Radiation Experience for Interventional Radiology with Virtual Reality Radiation Dose Visualization Using Fast Monte Carlo Dose Estimation.

For interventional radiology (IR), understanding the precise dose distribution is crucial to reduce the risks of radiation dermatitis to patients and staff. Visualization of dose distribution is expected to support radiation safety efforts immensely. This report presents techniques for perceiving the dose distribution using virtual reality (VR) technology and for estimating the air dose distribution accurately using Monte Carlo simulation for VR dose visualization.

Association between alcohol consumption and mammographic density: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Mammographic density (MD), the proportion of radiological dense breast, has been reported to be a strong risk factor for breast cancer in many studies. Epidemiological evidence indicates that alcohol consumption increases the risk of breast cancer. In Western countries, a positive association between alcohol consumption and MD has been reported.

Influence of Gd-EOB-DTPA on T1 dependence of the proton density fat fraction using magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

This phantom study assessed the effect of Gd-EOB-DTPA on T1 bias (difference in T1 between water and fat) of the proton density fat fraction when using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Phantoms containing varying fat percentages, without and with Gd-EOB-DTPA (precontrast and postcontrast, respectively), were scanned with repetition times ranging from 1000 to 5000 ms. The relationship between the proton density fat fraction at a reference repetition time of 5000 ms and that using different repetition times, was evaluated in the precontrast and postcontrast phantoms using linear regression and Bland-Altman analyses.

Correction to: Influence of Gd-EOB-DTPA on proton density fat fraction using the six-echo Dixon method in 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging.

A diameter of glass bottles in phantoms in the above article (2 cm) was incorrect. The correct diameter is 4.5 cm.

Influence of Gd-EOB-DTPA on proton density fat fraction using the six-echo Dixon method in 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether disodium gadoxetate (Gd-EOB-DTPA) affects proton density fat fractions (PDFFs) during use of the multiecho Dixon (meDixon) method in phantom and simulation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies at 3 T. Fat-water phantoms comprising vegetable fat-water emulsions with varying fat volume percentages (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, and 50) and Gd-EOB-DTPA concentrations (0 and 0.4 mM) were prepared.

[A case of recurrence of breast cancer 36 years after mastectomy treated with endocrine and chemotherapy].

In 2001, a 72-year-old woman, who had undergone left mastectomy for breast carcinoma 36 years ago, was admitted because of dysphagia. Chest CT showed pleural effusion in the right side and no tumor in the breast. Chest drainage was performed.

[Chemotherapy-naïve advanced malignant fibrohistiocytoma presenting IVC syndrome case report].

The case was a 77-year-old male with swelling of his right leg. Physical examination revealed an ill-defined mass at RLQ. Computed tomography (CT) and 3 dimensional CT showed an 8-cm tumor on the IVC, partially replacing iliac vessels and invading the psoas muscle.

[A case of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus with SIADH].

The patient was a 63-year-old male admitted for further evaluation of the bleeding esophageal tumor. Endoscopic biopsy revealed small cell carcinoma. CT scan of the abdomen demonstrated nodular enlargement at the celiac axis.

Prognostic value of extracapsular invasion and fibrotic focus in single lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer.

Background: Histological findings of metastatic lymph nodes are important prognosticators in patients with gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical significance of various pathological characteristics of the early phase of lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric cancer, by selecting patients with tumors that had single lymph node metastases, no serosal invasion, and no metastases to the peritoneum, liver, or distant organs.

Methods: Seventy-eight patients were eligible and were entered in this study.

[Clinical efficacy of image processing of grid detection and suppression (GDS) in computed radiography].

In projection radiography, stationary grids are indispensable accessories to the improvement of diagnostic imaging. On the other hand, they are becoming one of the issues facing digital image processing. The lead foil that composes the grid can produce moiré on printed films and monitors according to the sampling interval at which the image is read by computed radiography (CR), creating a major obstacle to diagnosing images.

Inhibition of peritoneal metastasis in an animal gastric cancer model by interferon-gamma and interleukin-2.

Background: The anti-tumor activity of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) have been shown in human gastric cancer cell lines, however, their therapeutic effects on peritoneal metastasis have not been investigated.

Materials And Methods: The anti-tumor activity of IFN-gamma and IL-2 against the gastric cancer cell line, MKN45, was evaluated by in vitro antiproliferation assays and in animal-tumor models of intraperitoneal (i.p.

[Trial manufacture of subsidiary tool and use of technique for shoulder joint of "Scapula Y"].

The technique of "Scapula Y " is effective for capturing forward/backward dislocation of the humeral head and variation in surgical spine fracture. It is also indispensable for describing images of ossification at the tendon plate of the lower lobe of the acrominon and impingement syndrome. However, owing to large individual variations in body shape and position and shape of the scapula, the conventional method does not lend itself to stable reproduction of position or provide adequate diagnostic information.

An anti-apoptosis gene, survivin and telomerase expression in gastric cancer.

Background/aims: Survivin is frequently expressed in various malignancies as an inhibitor of programmed cell death, while telomerase is associated with cell immortality and consequent accumulation of a malignant genetic property. We surmised that an activation of telomerase in combination with an inhibition of apoptosis might further accelerate growth of malignant tumors. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the expression of survivin and telomerase in stomach cancer.