[Multimodal Treatments for Spinal Cord Glioma: Up to Date].

This study reviews the diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies for spinal malignant gliomas, particularly glioblastoma with -wildtype and diffuse midline gliomas with H3-K27 alteration, according to the World Health Organization 2021 classification. Surgical resection remains challenging owing to the diffuse nature of these tumors. Even with the Stupp regimen(temozolomide and radiotherapy), the prognosis remains poor, with an average survival of 12 months.

Identification of a Novel Stomatal Opening Chemical, PP242, That Inhibits Early Abscisic Acid Signal Transduction in Guard Cells.

Plants control their stomatal apertures to optimize carbon dioxide uptake and water loss. Stomata open in response to light through the phosphorylation of the penultimate residue, Thr, of plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase in guard cells. Stomata close in response to drought and the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), and ABA suppresses the light-induced activation of PM H+-ATPase.

Efficacy of e-learning using video content in improving trainees' biliary cannulation skills and understanding (with video).

Objectives: E-learning with video content was created to improve trainees' biliary cannulation techniques; this study aimed to evaluate its educational effect prospectively.

Methods: E-learning program was conducted using videos demonstrating biliary cannulation for 24 papillae, targeting trainees with 2-6 years of experience in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Ten consecutive cases of biliary cannulation for native papillae performed by trainees were prospectively assessed before and after the e-learning, respectively.

Pancreatectomies with vein resection: Two large institutions' experience of East and West.

Background: The effectiveness and preferred reconstruction methods of pancreatectomy associated with vein resection (PAVR) for pancreatic cancer, especially for the extensive portal vein/superior mesenteric vein (PV/SMV) resections (more than 4 cm), are still subjects of debate. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of PAVR by analyzing data from two large institutions from different regions.

Methods: From 2008 to 2018, we identified consecutive series of patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent PAVR at Karolinska University Hospital (KUH), Sweden, and Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation of Cancer Research (JFCR), Japan.

Clinical implications of disappearing pancreatic cancer liver metastases: Lessons from colorectal liver metastases.

Background: The efficacy of local control for pancreatic cancer liver metastases (PCLM), including surgical treatment, remains controversial, with no consensus on the management and clinical significance of disappearing liver metastases (DLMs). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical implications of DLMs in treating PCLM after multi-agent chemotherapy, utilizing contrast-enhanced imaging modalities.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent curative resection for pancreatic cancer with synchronous or metachronous liver metastases between 2014 and 2023.

Spatial accuracy of dose delivery significantly impacts the planning target volume margin in linear accelerator-based intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery.

The impact of three-dimensional (3D) dose delivery accuracy of C-arm linacs on the planning target volume (PTV) margin was evaluated for non-coplanar intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). A multi-institutional 3D starshot test using beams from seven directions was conducted at 22 clinics using Varian and Elekta linacs with X-ray CT-based polymer gel dosimeters. Variability in dose delivery accuracy was observed, with the distance between the imaging isocenter and each beam exceeding 1 mm at one institution for Varian and nine institutions for Elekta.

Fluorescent nucleobase analogue for cellular visualisation and regulation of immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides.

In this study, we explored the chemical modification of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist DNA using a highly fluorescent thymine analogue, ThexT, focusing on its structural and photophysical characteristics. ThexT-labelled CpG oligonucleotides effectively demonstrated intracellular localisation within macrophage cell lines. Notably, immunostimulatory activity varied depending on the site of ThexT incorporation within the TLR9 agonist sequence.

Taxonomic history, morphology, evolution, gene pool and stress tolerances of azuki bean and its related wild genetic resources.

This review compiles information on the morphology, historical taxonomic treatments, species origin, gene pool concept, geographical and ecological habitats, and stress tolerance of the azuki bean () and related species. Willdenow (1802) first described the azuki bean in the genus , and Ohwi and Ohashi (1969) finally transferred it to the genus . The genus is currently divided into five subgenera: , , , , and .

Adsorption structures and bonding states of cesium and barium adsorbed on various sites of vermiculite.

The adsorption reaction on clay minerals is crucial for understanding the environmental behavior of various cations, including cesium (Cs). However, its details remain unclear because of multiple adsorption sites of the clay minerals, a significant difference between concentrations in the atomic-scale experiments and the actual environment, and difficulties of evaluating bonding states of the adsorbed cations. It is expected that systematic experiments at the atomic-scale with a wide concentration range and application of density functional theory (DFT) calculations overcome the problems and bring crucial insights to link laboratory experiment results with environmental sample analysis.

Detection and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells in Colorectal Cancer Patients via Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers.

Liquid biopsy methods have gained prominence as minimally invasive tools to improve cancer treatment outcomes. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) offer valuable insights into both primary and metastatic lesions. However, validating the CTC test results requires confirmation that the detected cells originate from cancer tissue.

Diurnal Regulation of SOS Pathway and Sodium Excretion Underlying Salinity Tolerance of Vigna marina.

Vigna marina (Barm.) Merr. is adapted to tropical marine beaches and has an outstanding tolerance to salt stress.

Cushing syndrome.

Cushing syndrome (CS) is a constellation of signs and symptoms caused by excessive exposure to exogenous or endogenous glucocorticoid hormones. Endogenous CS is caused by increased cortisol production by one or both adrenal glands (adrenal CS) or by elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion from a pituitary tumour (Cushing disease (CD)) or non-pituitary tumour (ectopic ACTH secretion), which stimulates excessive cortisol production. CS is associated with severe multisystem morbidity, including impaired cardiovascular and metabolic function, infections and neuropsychiatric disorders, which notably reduce quality of life.

Atypical memory B cells from natural malaria infection produced broadly neutralizing antibodies against Plasmodium vivax variants.

Expansion of atypical memory B cells (aMBCs) was demonstrated in malaria-exposed individuals. To date, the generation of P. vivax-specific aMBCs and their function in protective humoral immune responses is unknown.

Synthesis of a semimetallic Weyl ferromagnet with point Fermi surface.

Quantum materials governed by emergent topological fermions have become a cornerstone of physics. Dirac fermions in graphene form the basis for moiré quantum matter and Dirac fermions in magnetic topological insulators enabled the discovery of the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect. By contrast, there are few materials whose electromagnetic response is dominated by emergent Weyl fermions.

Endometrial cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis following medroxyprogesterone acetate therapy: A case report.

Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is a promising fertility-sparing treatment for early stage endometrial cancer; however, it has a high recurrence rate and is inferior to surgery. Although the site of recurrence is mostly the endometrium, we here report a case of metastatic recurrence to the para-aortic lymph node with endometrial recurrence despite a careful follow-up. A 31-year-old woman was diagnosed with grade 1 endometrioid carcinoma, stage IA without myometrial invasion.

Longitudinal evaluation of cotton wool spot following rapid glycemic improvement using wide-field multimodal imaging.

Purpose: To report a case of a diabetic patient undergoing rapid glycemic improvement characterized by the development and resolution of cotton wool spot (CWS), with detailed structural and vascular assessment using wide-field multimodal imaging, including wide-field color fundus photography and wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Observations: A 47-year-old man with poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes mellitus developed CWS in his right eye 3 months after initiating insulin therapy, which coincided with a significant reduction in HbA1c levels. Wide-field color fundus photography and wide-field OCTA were performed before, during, and after CWS appeared.

[UPFRONT DOCETAXEL WITH ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION THERAPY IN MALES WITH HIGH-VOLUME METASTATIC CASTRATION-SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER: RESULTS OF A SINGLE-INSTITUTION SERIES].

(Objective) This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of upfront docetaxel (DTX) treatment and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in male patients with high-volume metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (HV-mCSPC). (Methods) This retrospective study was conducted using the medical records of 30 patients treated for HV-mCSPC by using upfront DTX treatment along with ADT at Atsugi City Hospital between December 2015 and December 2022. The patient characteristics, demographics, oncological outcomes, adverse events, and sequential therapy were evaluated.

Stochastic variation in foraging traits within inbred lines of Drosophila.

Investigating the causes and consequences of niche partitioning in populations is a major goal in ecology and evolutionary biology. Previous studies have investigated genetic and environmentally induced variation in resource utility and their ecological implications. However, few studies have explored variability (non-genetic, stochastic variation) as a factor contributing to variation in resource utility.

TFE3-rearranged perivascular epithelioid cell tumors of the head and neck with rare fusion partners: clues to the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant tumors.

Background: Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) rarely appear in the head and neck region. This case report describes two transcription factor E3 (TFE3)-rearranged PEComa cases, consisting of one in the orbit and one in the nasal cavity.

Case Presentation: Both cases demonstrated sheet-like or focal nested architecture and comprised epithelioid cells with abundant clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm and vascular stroma.

Aortic valve repair with sinus plication for a regurgitant bicuspid aortic valve: a case report.

Background: Repair of the regurgitant bicuspid aortic valve is an attractive alternative to valve replacement. Although good long-term outcomes have been reported, postoperative aortic stenosis remains a major late cause of repair failure in bicuspid aortic valves. Sinus plication is effective for creating a more symmetrical commissural angle, leading to a decrease in the mean transvalvular pressure gradient.

Triple mosaic variants of PURA in a patient with multiple congenital anomalies.

In monogenic diseases, double mosaic variants of the same gene have rarely been identified. Here, we report the case of triple mosaic variants in PURA, a gene responsible for a neurodevelopmental syndrome (OMIM# 616158). Whole-exome sequencing identified three somatic PURA variants in our case with a similar neurodevelopmental syndrome: NM_005859.