Publications by authors named "Takaharu ITAMI"
Article Synopsis
- Endotoxemia is a serious inflammatory condition triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), leading to the release of inflammatory cytokines, which can be partly managed by fuzapladib (FZP) that inhibits inflammation.
- In a study with 15 pigs divided into low-FZP, high-FZP, and control groups, researchers assessed how FZP affected inflammation and cardiac function after inducing endotoxemia with LPS.
- Results showed that while high-FZP didn't prevent organ damage, it reduced interleukin-6 levels and helped maintain better blood oxygen levels and blood pressure than the control, ultimately reducing mortality during the observation period.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the impact of combining medetomidine, butorphanol, and alfaxalone on cardiorespiratory function in dogs under inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane.
- Results indicated a temporary decline in cardiac output, respiratory frequency, and arterial pH after IM administration of the drug combination.
- Despite these changes, there was an increase in systemic vascular resistance and mean pulmonary arterial pressure, suggesting that the vasoconstriction effects were responsible for the observed cardiac output decrease.
Article Synopsis
- This study explored how effectively sugammadex reverses the paralysis caused by rocuronium in dogs under anesthesia compared to a saline control.
- Six adult Beagle dogs were used in a crossover study design, with each dog receiving alfaxalone anesthesia, rocuronium, and either sugammadex or saline.
- Results showed that while the onset and maximum duration of neuromuscular blockade were similar between treatments, sugammadex significantly reduced recovery time and index compared to saline, suggesting it is a more effective reversal agent.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to find the effective doses of rocuronium that would depress muscle twitch response in dogs under alfaxalone anesthesia.
- It included eight Beagle dogs, monitored through neuromuscular function to measure the effect of different doses of rocuronium (100, 175, and 250 μg/kg).
- Results showed that the effective doses were 175 μg/kg for ED and 232 μg/kg for ED, with longer recovery times corresponding to higher doses of rocuronium.
Objective: To investigate the sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of intranasal atomization (INA) of alfaxalone using a mucosal atomization device in Japanese White rabbits.
Study Design: Randomized, prospective, crossover study.
Animals: A total of eight healthy female rabbits, weighing 3.
Article Synopsis
- The study assessed the sedative effects of intranasal medetomidine in eight healthy Japanese White rabbits using a mucosal atomization device (MAD), with varying doses administered and a control saline treatment.
- Doses of medetomidine were administered at three levels (0.3 mL to one nostril, 0.3 mL to both nostrils, and 0.3 mL twice to both nostrils), showing a clear, dose-dependent sedative effect as measured by loss of righting reflex (LRR) times.
- Intranasal administration of medetomidine also resulted in significant cardiorespiratory depression, indicated by decreases in pulse
Article Synopsis
- Gum elastic bougie (GEB) is a device used in airway management for patients who are tough to intubate, but its application in veterinary medicine, particularly for oxygenation, hasn't been previously reported.
- A case involving a 10-year-old cat with a laryngeal tumor and severe upper airway blockage showcased GEB’s use; traditional intubation failed, leading to a "cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate" situation.
- The study concluded that while GEB isn't ideal for full ventilation, it can provide temporary oxygenation in difficult airway management cases in veterinary medicine.
Article Synopsis
- * 104 dogs were analyzed for changes in CVC size based on various health indicators such as blood pressure, presence of intra-abdominal mass, anemia, and cardiac disease.
- * Results showed a weak negative link between CVC size and mean blood pressure, with specific groups (like those with low blood pressure or cardiac disease) having notable differences in CVC size compared to normal groups.
Background: Problems associated with using inhalational anaesthesia are numerous in veterinary anaesthesia practice. Decreasing the amount of used inhalational anaesthetic agents and minimising of cardiorespiratory disorders are the standard goals of anaesthetists.
Objective: This experimental study was carried out to investigate the sparing effect of intravenous tramadol, lidocaine, dexmedetomidine and their combinations on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in healthy Beagle dogs.
Prostacyclin is an in vivo bioactive substance that regulates renal blood flow (RBF). Information regarding how epoprostenol, a prostacyclin preparation, affects RBF in dogs is lacking. We investigated the effects of short-term epoprostenol administration on RBF in six healthy dogs under anesthesia by administering it intravenously at human doses-2, 5, and 10 ng/kg/min for 20 min.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, a mucosal atomization device (MAD) has been applied in veterinary medicine. In the present study, the maximum volume of nasal atomization without aspiration using MAD was examined in eight healthy female Japanese White (JW) rabbits. Each rabbit had their head and neck examined by computed tomography before and after nasal atomization with four different doses (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovascular effects of intravenous pimobendan in dogs with acute respiratory acidosis.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)
May 2022
Article Synopsis
- - The study examines how acidosis affects the heart's response to pimobendan, a medication that enhances heart function, in healthy Beagle dogs.
- - Dogs were tested under two conditions: normal carbon dioxide levels (eucapnia) and elevated levels (hypercapnia), with key heart metrics measured after administering two different doses of pimobendan.
- - Results showed that pimobendan significantly improved cardiac output and heart rate in both conditions, suggesting its effectiveness even during episodes of respiratory acidosis.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates how different anesthetics—sevoflurane, propofol, and alfaxalone—affect the duration of neuromuscular blockade caused by rocuronium in dogs.
- A total of eight Beagle dogs underwent anesthesia with each treatment in a crossover design, measuring neuromuscular function and various times related to the effects of rocuronium.
- Results showed that sevoflurane significantly increased both the clinical blockade period and total duration of neuromuscular blockade compared to propofol and alfaxalone.
Article Synopsis
- * The puppy was diagnosed using a CT scan without anesthesia and underwent surgical treatment after endoscopic reduction failed, leading to significant improvement in the esophagus over time, with full recovery seen two years later.
- * CT scans are effective for diagnosing GEI in young puppies and assessing associated gastric issues, while fluoroscopy is useful for monitoring esophageal motility after surgery.
Gel pads are commonly used in skin ultrasonography; however, the effects of their thickness are unknown. This study investigated the effects of pad thickness on measurements of skin thickness in 10 beagle dogs. Sonograms to measure neck skin thickness were captured without pads and using pads with thicknesses of 3, 5, 10, and 20 mm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe aimed to evaluate the induction, anesthesia, and cardiorespiratory effects of intramuscular (IM) anesthetic protocol with alfaxalone following premedication with low-dose medetomidine, butorphanol, or a combination of both (medetomidine-butorphanol) in dogs. Six healthy beagles were administered 1, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg alfaxalone IM following premedication with low-dose medetomidine (5 µg/kg; MA-IM), butorphanol (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- An 11-year-old Toy Poodle was given a CT scan with a contrast agent (iohexol) while under anesthesia, during which it showed signs of cardiac distress.
- After administering the contrast, the dog's heart rate and R-wave amplitude increased, but end-tidal carbon dioxide dropped, leading to ST segment depression on the ECG.
- Eventually, the dog experienced ventricular fibrillation but was revived through CPR; the situation highlighted the importance of monitoring ECG changes during procedures with contrast agents to catch potential cardiac issues early.
A twenty-year-old male Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) presented at the Rakuno Gakuen University Animal Medical Center with a 10-year history of bilateral blindness and cataracts. Surgical treatment of bilateral cataracts by extracapsular lensextraction using phacoemulsification and aspiration (PEA) was performed under general anesthesia. An anterior capsulectomy was performed using micro iris scissors and micro anterior lens capsule forceps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study investigates the effects of colforsin and dobutamine on cardiovascular function in dogs during normal (eucapnia) and acidic (hypercapnia) conditions caused by CO2 inhalation.
- Colforsin, which activates adenylate cyclase without relying on beta-adrenoceptors, showed similar cardiovascular improvements to dobutamine, effectively increasing cardiac output and heart rate while decreasing systemic vascular resistance in both conditions.
- While both drugs raised pulmonary artery pressure, colforsin appeared to have a lesser effect compared to dobutamine, with distinct interactions noted between the drugs and varying experimental conditions.
Article Synopsis
- Six healthy rabbits were given varying doses of intramuscular alfaxalone (1mg/kg, 2.5mg/kg, and 5mg/kg) to study its sedative and physiological effects, with observations made after a 7-day rest period.
- The study measured sedative effects using a scoring system and monitored vital signs like pulse, respiratory rate, and blood pressure before and after administration.
- Results showed that higher doses of alfaxalone resulted in quicker and longer-lasting sedation, with the 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg doses leading to complete loss of righting reflex in all rabbits, while no significant circulatory depression or apnea was observed.
Article Synopsis
- This study examined how different doses of sevoflurane anesthesia affect the duration of neuromuscular blockade from rocuronium in beagle dogs.
- A total of six healthy dogs were tested at four different sevoflurane MAC levels, and various parameters of neuromuscular function were measured during recovery.
- The findings showed that higher doses of sevoflurane significantly prolonged recovery times from rocuronium blockade, indicating a dose-dependent effect on neuromuscular recovery.
Changes in stroke volume variation (SVV) and pulse pressure variation (PPV) in response to fluid infusion were experimentally evaluated during vecuronium infusion and sevoflurane anesthesia in 5 adult, mechanically ventilated, euvolemic, beagle dogs. Sequential increases in central venous pressure (CVP; 3-7[baseline], 8-12, 13-17, 18-22 and 23-27 mmHg) were produced by infusing lactated Ringer's solution and 6% hydroxyethyl starch solution. Heart rate (beats/min), right atrial pressure (RAP, mmHg), pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP, mmHg), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP, mmHg), transpulmonary thermodilution cardiac output (TPTDCO, l/min), stroke volume (SV, ml/beat), arterial blood pressure (ABP, mmHg), extravascular lung water (EVLW, ml), pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI, calculated), SVV (%), PPV (%) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR, dynes/sec/cm) were determined at each predetermined CVP range.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study aimed to identify risk factors linked to anaesthesia-related deaths in dogs at referral hospitals in Japan between April 2010 and March 2011.
- Out of 4,310 dogs, the overall mortality rate was 0.65%, with 75% of deaths involving dogs that had pre-existing health conditions; most deaths occurred after surgery.
- Key risk factors for anaesthesia-related death included low preoperative serum glucose, high white cell count, disturbances in consciousness, certain ASA grades, and intraoperative complications like hypoxaemia and tachycardia.
OBJECTIVE To assess the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) of the hepatic vein for the detection of hemodynamic changes associated with experimentally induced portal hypertension in dogs. ANIMALS 6 healthy Beagles. PROCEDURES A prospective study was conducted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Maropitant and carprofen are two drugs used for pain relief in dogs, with maropitant blocking substance P and carprofen being a common anti-inflammatory.
- The study tested their effects on reducing the amount of sevoflurane needed to blunt the dog's stress response during anesthesia, using different combinations of the drugs and a control group.
- Results showed that both maropitant and carprofen significantly lowered the necessary sevoflurane levels, but their combination didn't produce any additional benefit in reducing those levels further.