Neutrophilia and hyperamylasemia in patients with immediate food allergy.

Background: Presently, little is known about the laboratory data several hours after oral food challenge (OFC) in patients with immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated immediate food allergy (FA).

Methods: One hundred and twelve subjects who underwent OFC at the present institute between 1 June 2016 and 31 March 2018, were enrolled in this study. Changes in laboratory data several hours after OFC were examined.

Increased serum cortisol on oral food challenge in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome.

Background: An increase in absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is seen after oral food challenge test (OFC) in patients with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). Although it has been suggested that interleukin (IL)-8 is involved in this phenomenon, a possible role for cortisol has not yet been studied.

Methods: Six positive OFC in five patients with FPIES due to cows' milk (CM) proteins, and two negative OFC in two patients with suspected FPIES were analyzed.

Prognosis of infantile food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in Japan.

Background: Although serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and the percentage of eosinophils in peripheral blood (Eo) are increased at onset in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), the relationship of these laboratory findings to prognosis is presently unknown.

Methods: Correlation of serum CRP and Eo at onset with prognosis was analyzed in 32 patients with FPIES caused by cow's milk (CM).

Results: The rate of tolerance acquisition was 18.

Cytokine profile after oral food challenge in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome.

Background: Although food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is supposed to be caused by inflammation, the role of cytokines has not yet been clarified.

Methods: To elucidate the role of cytokines in the development of symptoms and abnormal laboratory findings at an oral food challenge (OFC), changes in serum cytokine levels were analyzed for 6 OFCs in 4 patients with FPIES. The result of OFC was judged positive if any gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (vomiting, diarrhea, or bloody stool) were induced.

Targeted use of prednisolone with the second IVIG dose for refractory Kawasaki disease.

Background: Prednisolone (PSL) has been suggested to be useful for the treatment of Kawasaki disease (KD) resistant to i.v. immunoglobulin (IVIG), but much remains to be elucidated regarding its use.

Eosinophilia in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in Japan.

Background: Many Japanese infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) show eosinophilia, which has been thought to be a characteristic of food protein-induced proctocolitis (FPIP).

Methods: To elucidate the characteristics of eosinophilia in Japanese FPIES patients, 113 infants with non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergy due to cow's milk were enrolled and classified into FPIES (n = 94) and FPIP (n = 19).

Results: The percentage of peripheral blood eosinophils (Eo) was increased in most FPIES patients (median, 7.

Serum C-reactive protein in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome versus food protein-induced proctocolitis in Japan.

Background: Some infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) have increased serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and fever in Japan. The aim of this study was therefore to clarify and compare the incidence of this in patients with FPIES versus patients with food protein-induced proctocolitis (FPIP).

Methods: One hundred and sixteen infants with non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergies were enrolled in this study and classified into three phenotypes: FPIES presenting with vomiting and/or diarrhea (n = 47); FPIP with bloody stool alone (n =19); and the mixed phenotype (MP), bloody stool with vomiting and/or diarrhea (n = 50).

Increased C-reactive protein and fever in Japanese infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome.

Background: Increased C-reactive protein (CRP) and fever are observed in some infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) in Japan, but the reproducibility of these findings has not yet been confirmed on oral food challenge (OFC).

Methods: Fourteen infants with FPIES induced by cow's milk (CM) formula were enrolled. OFC using CM formula was performed on each infant once or repeatedly (total 18 tests), with a stepwise incremental protocol in an infection-controlled setting.

[Evaluation of the allergenicity of β-casein in Japanese children with cow milk allergy by using the basophil activation test].

Background: Among the casein components, αs-casein (αs-CAS) is considered the major allergen in Japan, and there are very few reports on the allergenicity of β-casein (β-CAS). In this study, we compared the allergenicity of β-CAS with that of αs-CAS in Japanese children with cow milk allergy (CMA).

Method: The allergenicity of αs-CAS and β-CAS in 29 CMA patients and 11 control subjects was assessed using the basophil activation test (BAT).

Limited ability of antigen-specific Th1 responses to inhibit Th2 cell development in vivo.

Th1 and Th2 cells mutually antagonize each other's differentiation. Consequently, allergen-specific Th1 cells are believed to be able to suppress the development of Th2 cells and to prevent the development of atopic disorders. To determine whether a pre-existing Ag-specific Th1 response can affect the development of Th2 cells in vivo, we used an immunization model of Ag-pulsed murine dendritic cell (DC) transfer to induce distinct Th responses.

Differential requirement for the CD40-CD154 costimulatory pathway during Th cell priming by CD8 alpha+ and CD8 alpha- murine dendritic cell subsets.

Dendritic cells (DCs) regulate the development of distinct Th populations and thereby provoke appropriate immune responses to various kinds of Ags. In the present work, we investigated the role CD40-CD154 interactions play during the process of Th cell priming by CD8 alpha(+) and CD8 alpha(-) murine DC subsets, which have been reported to differently regulate the Th response. Adoptive transfer of Ag-pulsed CD8 alpha(+) DCs induced a Th1 response and the production of IgG2a Abs, whereas transfer of CD8 alpha(-) DCs induced Th2 cells and IgE Abs in vivo.

Lipid A analogue, ONO-4007, inhibits IgE response and antigen-induced eosinophilic recruitment into airways in BALB/c mice.

Background: Since antigen-specific IgE and eosinophils are major inducing factors of allergic inflammation of the airways, both factors are therapeutic targets of asthma. We investigated the effects of ONO-4007, a nontoxic lipid A analogue, on antigen-specific antibody response and the recruitment of eosinophils into airways in murine systems.

Methods: BALB/c mice were injected ONO-4007 intraperitoneally during sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminium hydroxide to determine its effects on the antigen-specific antibody response.