An evidence-based medicine approach to the laparoscopic treatment of colorectal cancer.

During the 1990s, laparoscopic resection was established as a treatment for gastrointestinal malignant tumors.　A number of randomized controlled trials comparing laparoscopic-assisted colorectal surgery with conventional open colorectal surgery for colon cancer have been conducted.　These trials have shown short-term benefits, and the vast majority demonstrated no significant difference in long-term outcomes.

The Clinical Effects of Dai-kenchu-to on Postoperative Intestinal Movement and Inflammatory Reaction in Colorectal Surgery.

Background/aims: We analyzed the effects of the Kampo medicine "Dai-kenchu-to" (DKT) on clinical aspects in colorectal surgery.

Methodology: Total 122 patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery were divided into a DKT group (n = 53) and a non-DKT group (n = 69). The differences of postoperative course and anti-inflammatory responses between those two groups were analyzed.

Practical use of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (CAPEOX) with bevacizumab for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer that cannot expect conversion therapy.

Background/aims: The cytotoxic regimens and bevacizumab (Bev) or anti-EGFR antibody are used for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) that can expect conversion therapy. In this paper, we would present our practical data including the response, survival and toxicity of the capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (CAPEOX) with Bev for mCRC that cannot expect conversion therapy.

Methodology: Nineteen patients with mCRC who were treated with CAPEOX with Bev were enrolled.

Clinicopathological differences between proximal and distal pT3 colon cancer and the clinical significance of the depth of cancer invasion beyond the muscularis propria.

Background/aims: To investigate differences in clinicopathological features between proximal and distal pT3 colon cancers and to determine whether the depth of the cancer invasion beyond the muscularis propria (DBM) serves as an objective indicator of the depth of tumor invasion in proximal colon cancer and in distal colon cancer.

Methodology: A total of 207 patients who underwent surgery for proximal and distal pT3 colon cancer between 1996 and 2001 were included in the analysis.

Results: No differences were noted between proximal and distal cancers in lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, lymphatic/venous invasion, histological type and curability of surgical resection, although proximal cancer patients were significantly older.

[A case of multiple lung and liver metastases from colon cancer treated with clinical benefit by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus cetuximab mono-therapy after standard chemotherapy failure].

We report a case of multiple lung and liver metastases from colon cancer treated with clinical benefit by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus cetuximab mono-therapy after a standard chemotherapy was failed. A 61-year-old female who had sigmoid colon cancer with unresectable multiple lung and liver metastases underwent sigmoidectomy. Bevacizumab plus mFOLFOX6 was performed as first-line therapy.

[Our experience of the treatment with cetuximab for unresectable advanced colorectal cancer].

We report here the experience of the treatment with cetuximab in our department. Thirteen patients were treated with cetuximab. Median age was 65-year-old including 8 males and 5 females.

[Two cases of colorectal cancer patients with poor performance status who had unresectable liver metastasis effectively treated by cetuximab].

We reported two cases of colorectal cancer patients with EGFR-positive unresectable synchronous liver metastasis effectively treated by cetuximab after the progression of the prior chemotherapy. Case 1: A 49-year-old female with unresectable synchronous liver metastasis from colon cancer received cetuximab monotherapy as fifth-line therapy. Then, abdominal CT showed shrinkage of the liver metastasis (PR) and the performance status was improved from 3 to 0 as upper abdominal pain reduced.

NAD+-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase regulates levels of bioactive lipids in non-small cell lung cancer.

Elevated levels of procarcinogenic prostaglandins (PG) are found in a variety of human malignancies including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 and microsomal prostaglandin synthase 1 occurs in tumors and contributes to increased PG synthesis. NAD+-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), the key enzyme responsible for metabolic inactivation of PGs, is down-regulated in various malignancies.

[A clinical experience in treatment with bevacizumab for unresectable colorectal cancer].

Bevacizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody to VEGF for advanced recurrent colorectal cancer, has been known for complications of gastrointestinal perforation, hemorrhage, thromboembolism and proteinuria, as adverse effects. These findings must be taken care as well as adverse drug reactions (ADR) caused by combination chemotherapy. We here in present a clinical experience in treatment with bevacizumab for unresectable colorectal cancer.

[Phase I study of combination therapy with peptide vaccine and anti-cancer drug for colorectal cancer].

Phase I study of combination therapy with peptide vaccine and anti-cancer drug for colorectal cancer has been performed in our hospital. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and immune response of different dose of RNF43-721 emulsified with Montanide ISA 51 in combination with S-1/CPT-11 chemotherapy. The study design was a dose escalation of peptide (0.

[A prediction of prognosis by A-L score in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer].

We analyzed the relationship between A-L score classified by serum albumin level and lymphocytes/white blood cells ratio and clinicopathological features in patients with Stage IV colorectal cancer. Seventy-nine patients were classified by the A-L score. In lower-scored cases, the populations of elderly patients, patients with emergency operation and patients with poorer PS were increased.

[A case of successful treatment with OK-432 administration into lymphatic cyst formed after resection of rectal cancer].

We herein report a case of successful treatment with OK-432 administration into lymphatic cyst formed after resection of rectal cancer. A 61-year-old male patient underwent a very low anterior resection with D3 lymphadenectomy for locally advanced rectal cancer. Four months after the surgery, he arrived at our department with lower abdominal fullness.

The depth of tumor invasion beyond the outer border of the muscularis propria as a prognostic factor for T3 rectal/rectosigmoid cancer.

Unlabelled: The distance of tumor invasion beyond the outer border of the muscularis propria (DBM) was measured whether it would be useful as a prognostic factor of the locally advanced rectal and rectosigmoid cancer was analyzed.

Patients And Methods: One hundred patients with rectal and rectosigmoid cancer invaded beyond muscularis propria who underwent surgery between 1996 and 2000 were included in this study. Patients who died due to other disease were excluded.

Successful treatment with S-1 plus CPT-11 for lymph node metastasis from colon cancer: report of a case.

S-1 is a novel oral anticancer drug, composed of tegafur (FT), gimestat (CDHP) and otastat potassium (Oxo), based on the biochemical modulation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). S-1 plus irinotecan (CPT-11) for advanced colorectal cancer as expected showed equally good results as these with CPT-11 plus infusional 5-FU/LV (FOLFIRI regimen). A case of unresectable lymph node metastasis from colon cancer successfully treated with S-1 plus CPT-11 is reported here.

Changes of immunological parameters reflect quality of life-related toxicity during chemotherapy in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.

Unlabelled: Anticancer drugs may frequently induce host immunosuppression and symptomatic toxicities. Once symptomatic toxicity occurs, the patient's quality-of-life (QOL) is reduced. Since little is known of the relationship between host immunity and the toxicity of chemotherapy, the host immunity before and after chemotherapy was compared to assess whether it is related to symptomatic toxicity during chemotherapy.

[Extra- and intra-hepatic metastasis successfully treated with alternative chemotherapy with hepatic arterial infusion and systemic intravenous infusion after responding to hepatic metastasis from colon cancer by hepatic arterial infusion--a case report].

A 72-year-old woman, who had the carcinoma of cecum with unresectable multiple liver metastases, underwent ileocecal resection and insertion of hepatic arterial infusion catheter. Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) chemotherapy using Leucovorin. 5-FU caused to decrease liver metastases after an initiation of HAI.

[A long-term surviving patient with unresectable lung metastasis from colon cancer treated with intravenous administration of activated autologous lymphocytes and low-dose chemotherapy--a case report].

We herein report a case of long-term surviving patient who was treated with intravenous administration of activated autologous lymphocytes and low-dose chemotherapy. The patient was an 82-year-old female. She underwent radical resection for sigmoid colon cancer in 1998 and right lobectomy of the liver for metastatic liver tumor in 2001.

Pilot study of simplified low-dose S-1 plus CPT-11 as first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced colorectal cancer.

Background: S-1 is a novel oral anticancer drug, composed of tegafur (FT), gimestat (CDHP) and otastat potassium (Oxo) in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1. S-1 plus irinotecan (CPT-11) administered for advanced colorectal cancer could be expected to show as equally good results as the infusional 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5-FU/LV) with CPT-11 (FOLFIRI) regimen.

First-line chemotherapy with low-dose leucovorin plus 5-fluorouracil (LV/5-FU) for elderly patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Aim: To assess the practical efficacy of low-dose leucovorin plus 5-fluorouracil (LV/5-FU) in elderly patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: The records of 20 patients treated with LV/5-FU for unresectable metastatic disease from colorectal cancer from 1999 to 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients received LV/5-FU as first-line, and low-dose CPT-11 and CDDP regimen (CPT-11/CDDP) as second-line therapy.

Low-dose chemotherapy is practically useful for the patients with intrapelvic recurrence of rectal cancer.

Unlabelled: The aim was to assess the practical efficacy of low-dose chemotherapy in patients with intrapelvic recurrence of rectal cancer without radiotherapy.

Patients And Methods: The records of 13 patients treated with low-dose chemotherapy for intrapelvic recurrence of rectal cancer between 1996 and 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients had received low-dose leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil (LV/5-FU) as first-line and low-dose irinotecan and cisplatin regimen (CPT-11/CDDP) as second-line therapy without radiotherapy.

Overexpression of human X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) in colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas.

Background: Human X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) is a transcription factor essential for hepatocyte growth, as well as for plasma cell differentiation. Recently, overexpression of XBP-1 has been reported in breast cancer including non-invasive carcinomas, and was suggested to play an important role in breast carcinogenesis. To investigate the involvement of XBP-1 in colorectal tumorigenecity, the expression of XBP-1 was examined in four colon cancer cell lines, six colorectal polyps and five colorectal carcinomas.

[Can the survival of patients with recurrent disease after curative resection of colorectal cancer be prolonged by the administration of cimetidine?].

Administration of cimetidine after curative surgery can improve prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. In this study, we analyzed whether cimetidine can influence the survival of patients with a recurrent disease after colorectal surgery. The subjects were 29 patients with recurrent disease: 14 patients were administered with cimetidine and 15 patients were not.

Levels of NAD(+)-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase are reduced in inflammatory bowel disease: evidence for involvement of TNF-alpha.

Increased amounts of PGE(2) have been detected in the inflamed mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This increase has been attributed to enhanced synthesis rather than reduced catabolism of PGE(2). 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) plays a major role in the catabolism of PGE(2).