[The Pharmacy Combining Convenience Store with Care Consulting Services].

The primary pharmacy system and health support pharmacy system were established in 2016. However, local pharmacies need to get closer to the community. To this end, each pharmacy is making efforts to contribute locally.

Removals of pesticides and pesticide transformation products during drinking water treatment processes and their impact on mutagen formation potential after chlorination.

Removal efficiencies of 28 pesticide transformation products (TPs) and 15 parent pesticides during steps in drinking water treatment (coagulation-sedimentation, activated carbon adsorption, and ozonation) were estimated via laboratory-scale batch experiments, and the mechanisms underlying the removal at each step were elucidated via regression analyses. The removal via powdered activated carbon (PAC) treatment was correlated positively with the log K at pH 7. The adjusted coefficient of determination (r) increased when the energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) was added as an explanatory variable, the suggestion being that adsorption onto PAC particles was largely governed by hydrophobic interactions.

Identification of mutagenic transformation products generated during oxidation of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol solutions by orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry and quantitative structure-activity relationship analyses.

We used Ames assays to investigate the effects of ozonation (designated O), ozonation followed by chlorination (O/Cl), an advanced oxidation process (AOP, UV/HO), and AOP followed by chlorination (AOP/Cl) on the mutagenicity of solutions of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (3M4NP), a major environmental degradation product of the organophosphorus insecticide fenitrothion. Whereas O did not induce mutagenicity, O/Cl, AOP, and AOP/Cl converted 3M4NP into mutagenic transformation products (TPs). Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we detected a total of 138 peaks in the solutions subjected to O/Cl, AOP, and AOP/Cl.

Use of orbitrap-MS/MS and QSAR analyses to estimate mutagenic transformation products of iopamidol generated during ozonation and chlorination.

The effects of two water purification processes (ozonation, and chlorination after ozonation) on the mutagenicity of a solution containing iopamidol (X-ray contrast medium) were investigated by using the Ames assay. No mutagenicity was observed during ozonation. In contrast, mutagenicity was induced by the ozone-treated iopamidol-containing solution after subsequent chlorination, indicating that mutagenic transformation-products (TPs) were generated.