Are low-income preschoolers physically active at preschool settings? A cross-sectional study.

Background: Preschools may provide opportunities for children to engage in physical activity (PA), to benefit their health, although little is known when concerning low-income preschoolers. This study aimed (1) to describe time spent in PA among low-income children during preschool hours and (2) to analyse how many children meet the PA recommendations during preschool hours.

Methods: A total of 204 low-income preschoolers (4.

Perceptions of individuals with Parkinson's disease about a telerehabilitation protocol performed during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study.

Purpose: To understand the perceptions and meaning of the experience of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) when participating in a telerehabilitation protocol during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This is a qualitative descriptive analytical study with a phenomenological basis, regarding the individuals' perceptions of telerehabilitation. The interviews were conducted by a semi-structured interview guide and carried out recorded phone calls, which were later transcribed, categorized, and analyzed based on the principles of phenomenology according to the propositions of Martins and Bicudo.

Mapping the regeneration potential of native vegetation in cultivated pastures of the Brazilian Cerrado.

The Brazilian Cerrado is a hotspot of biodiversity conservation and an important global agricultural region. Cultivated pastures under different degradation levels are dominant in the landscape and are being targeted for sustainable agricultural intensification and restoration of native vegetation. In this study, we classified the cultivated pastures of the Brazilian Cerrado according to their potential for natural regeneration, based on field surveys and environmental predictors.

End-of-life experiences in the dying process: scoping and mixed-methods systematic review.

Objectives: To identify the current state of understanding about end-of-life experiences (ELEs) and examine evidence concerning prevalence, the impact on the process of dying and the perceptions/explanations of patients, relatives and healthcare professionals (HCPs) with regard to ELEs.

Methods: Scoping review and mixed-methods systematic review (ScR and MMSR). Nine academic databases were searched for a screening of the available scientific literature (ScR).

Variations in phase angle and handgrip strength in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: Prospective cohort study.

Background: Bioimpedance phase angle (PA) is a measure of cell membrane integrity, whereas handgrip strength (HGS) is an evaluation of functional capacity. Although both are related to the prognosis of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, their changes over time are less known. This study followed variations in PA and HGS for 1 year in these patients, determining associations with clinical outcomes.

Toward anthelmintic drug candidates for toxocariasis: Challenges and recent developments.

Infections caused by parasitic helminths rank among the most prevalent infections of humans and animals. Toxocariasis, caused by nematodes of the genus Toxocara, is one of the most widespread and economically important zoonotic parasitic infections that humans share with dogs and cats. Despite the completion of the Toxocara canis draft genome project, which has been an important step towards advancing the understanding of this parasite and the search for drug targets, the treatment of toxocariasis has been dependent on a limited set of drugs, necessitating the search for novel anthelmintic agents, specially against Toxocara larvae in tissues.

Acute effects of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with physical therapy on the balance and gait in individuals with Parkinson's disease: A randomized controlled trial.

Application methods of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are quite divergent making it difficult to define the clinical effectiveness of the tDCS on PD. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the acute effects of tDCS when applied to different targets (Cz or C3-Cz-C4) combined to physical therapy to improve balance and gait in individuals with PD. A randomized controlled trial was conducted, with 50 individuals who were separated into four groups: 1) Real tDCS (Cz) + physical therapy, 2) Real tDCS (C3-Cz-C4) + physical therapy, 3) Sham tDCS + physical therapy and 4) Educational lecture + physical therapy.

Evaluating the performance of the PRISMA-7 frailty criteria for predicting disability and death after acute ischemic stroke.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the predictive performance of the PRISMA-7 frailty criteria regarding the composite outcome of disability or death in patients with an acute ischemic stroke, and to compare it with the Frailty Index and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS).

Materials And Methods: This prospective cohort study involved all patients aged ≥ 40 years admitted with an acute ischemic stroke between March 2019 and January 2020. We performed survival analyses, calculated risk ratios, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for the combined outcome of disability or death according to the presence of frailty as determined by the PRISMA-7 and the Frailty Index, and stroke severity based on the NIHSS.

Immediate Effect of Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Neurofunctional Physiotherapy on Postural Control and Executive Function of Individuals with Parkinson's Disease.

To assess the immediate effect of augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and neurofunctional physiotherapy (NPT) on postural control (PC) and executive function (EF) of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Forty subjects from mild-to-moderate PD stages, with no cognitive impairment were submitted to one session of NPT, one session of AR, and one session of VR for 50 minutes each (7 days interval between them). PC was evaluated before and after each therapy, using force platform in bipedal positions: tandem with eyes opened (EO), eyes closed (EC), and with double-task and one-legged stance.

-(4-Methoxyphenyl)Pentanamide, a Simplified Derivative of Albendazole, Displays Anthelmintic Properties against the Nematode Toxocara canis.

Infections caused by parasitic helminths have enormous health, social, and economic impacts worldwide. The treatment and control of these diseases have been dependent on a limited set of drugs, many of which have become less effective, necessitating the search for novel anthelmintic agents. In this study, a simplified compound, -(4-methoxyphenyl)pentanamide (N4MP), based on the structure of the most widely used anthelmintic (albendazole), was chemically prepared using 4-anisidine and pentanoic acid.

Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Can Reduce Unilateral Spatial Neglect after Stroke: ELETRON Trial.

Objective: Rehabilitation top-down techniques based on brain stimulation present variable outcomes in unilateral spatial neglect (USN) after stroke. This study aimed to examine the effects of physical therapy after anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (A-tDCS and C-tDCS, respectively) to improve visuospatial and functional impairments in individuals with USN after stroke.

Methods: This double-blinded, pilot randomized clinical trial enrolled patients with USN after ischemic stroke.

Lectins ConA and ConM extracted from Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC and Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC inhibit planktonic Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis.

Lectins participate in the defense against microorganisms and in signaling the damage caused by pathogens to the cell surface and/or intracellular in plants. This study aims to analyze the antifungal potential of lectins extracted from seeds of Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC and Canavalia rosea (Sw.

Anti- Properties of L.: Enhancement of Fungal Growth, Biofilm Production and Antifungal Resistance.

(1) Background: is a genus of yeasts with notable pathogenicity and significant ability to develop antimicrobial resistance. L., a medicinal plant that is traditionally used due to its antimicrobial properties, has demonstrated significant antifungal activity.

Reporter Virus Neutralization Test Evaluation for Dengue and Zika Virus Diagnosis in Flavivirus Endemic Area.

Reporter virus neutralization test (RVNT) has been used as an alternative to the more laborious and time-demanding conventional PRNT assay for both DENV and ZIKV. However, few studies have investigated how these techniques would perform in epidemic areas with the circulation of multiple flavivirus. Here, we evaluate the performance of ZIKV and DENV Rluc RVNT and ZIKV mCh RVNT assays in comparison to the conventional PRNT assay against patient sera collected before and during ZIKV outbreak in Brazil.

What are the barriers to participation in a neuromodulation pilot trial for aphasia after stroke?

Purpose: Aphasia is a common and debilitating manifestation of stroke. Transcranial electrical stimulation uses low-intensity electric currents to induce changes in neuronal activity. Recent evidence suggests that noninvasive techniques can be a valuable rehabilitation tool for patients with aphasia.

New evidence for tamoxifen as an antischistosomal agent: , and target fishing studies.

Praziquantel is the only drug available to treat schistosomiasis, and there is an urgent demand for new anthelmintic agents. We conducted in-depth and  studies and report a target fishing investigation. , tamoxifen was active against adult and immature worms at low concentrations (<5 μM).

Phytochemical characterization and inhibition of Candida sp. by the essential oil of Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC.

This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and antifungal potential of the essential oil of Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. against Candida strains.

Enzymatic and ultrasonic-assisted pretreatment in the extraction of bioactive compounds from Monguba (Pachira aquatic Aubl) leaf, bark and seed.

The present study aims to characterize leaf, bark and seed of monguba in terms of their physicochemical and bioactive composition, and to determine total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total flavonoids (TF), well as their antioxidant activities (AA), of three organic solvent extracts with and without enzyme pretreatment by ultrasonic assisted extraction. Physicochemical composition was measured by pH, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids, moisture, ashes, lipids, crude protein, raw fiber, total carbohydrates, and water activity as well as, phytochemical composition analysis constituted of sugars, condensed (CT) and hydrolysable tannins (HT), carotenoids, total anthocyanins (TA), and organic acids contents. TPC and TF contents, and UHPLC/PDA/QDa flavonoids and phenolic acids quantification were performed for the solvent extracts.

Antifungal Properties of Nerolidol-Containing Liposomes in Association with Fluconazole.

(1) Background: Infections by species represent a serious threat to the health of immunocompromised individuals. Evidence has indicated that nerolidol has significant antifungal properties. Nonetheless, its use is restricted due to a low water solubility and high photosensitivity.

Therapeutic Effect of Diminazene Aceturate on Parasitic Blood Fluke Schistosoma mansoni Infection.

Praziquantel is currently the only drug available to treat schistosomiasis, a disease of enormous public health significance caused by a blood fluke of the genus Diminazene, a drug approved by the FDA, has been successfully used to treat diseases caused by blood protozoan parasites. In this study, we evaluated the antiparasitic properties of diminazene against and in mice harboring either chronic or early infections. , we monitored phenotypic and tegumental changes as well as the effects of the drug on pairing and egg production.

Respiratory Function and Grip Strength in the Acute Phase of Stroke Are Associated with Stroke Severity and Disability at Hospital Discharge.

Unlabelled: . Stroke can lead to musculoskeletal and respiratory dysfunction, chronic deconditioning, and functional limitations, as well as long-term complications.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between respiratory function and grip strength in the acute phase of stroke and stroke severity, disability, and autonomy in the long term.

Effect of ankle-foot orthosis on functional mobility and dynamic balance of patients after stroke: Study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Introduction: Stroke is the principal cause of impairment in the motor function and gait of adults. One of the resources used in rehabilitation to optimize gait is a prescription of ankle-foot orthosis (AFO), and the most prescribed AFOs are Fixed AFO and Articulated AFO; however, it is not known which of these options is more effective for these individuals. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of different types of ankle-foot orthosis functional mobility and dynamic balance in stroke patients.

Influence of an exercise program on cardiac remodeling and functional capacity in patients with stroke (CRONuS trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cardiovascular rehabilitation is one of the treatment options for post-stroke individuals in order to improve functional independence in activities of daily life and reduce energy expenditure. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effect of an exercise program on the echocardiographic variables, functional capacity, inflammatory response, neurological status, nutritional status, cardiologic evaluation, and quality of life of patients after stroke.

Methods/design: This is a randomized controlled trial including patients with ischemic stroke in the chronic phase.

Validation of the Catherine Bergego Scale in patients with unilateral spatial neglect after stroke.

Unlabelled: The Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS) is a scale to evaluates the impact of unilateral spatial neglect (USN) on everyday life of patients after stroke.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and comprehension of the Portuguese version of the CBS for patients with USN after stroke.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in patients with stroke and USN.

Handgrip Strength in Preoperative Elective Cardiac Surgery Patients and Association With Body Composition and Surgical Risk.

Background: Handgrip strength (HGS) is a potential method to approximate perioperative risk in cardiothoracic surgery patients and correlates well with European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) values. This study aimed to characterize the functional capacity in preoperative cardiac surgery patients through HGS.

Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated patients aged 18 years or older.