Cryogenic 3D Printing of GelMA/Graphene Bioinks: Improved Mechanical Strength and Structural Properties for Tissue Engineering.

Purpose: Tissue engineering aims to recreate natural cellular environments to facilitate tissue regeneration. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) is widely utilized for its biocompatibility, ability to support cell adhesion and proliferation, and adjustable mechanical characteristics. This study developed a GelMA and graphene bioink platform at concentrations of 1, 1.