Serological evidence of canine exposure to arthropod-borne pathogens in different landscapes in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Arthropod-borne infections are dependent on environmental conditions, and several combinations of natural and human-related variables play an important role in vector populations as well as the life cycle of agents carried by the arthropods. The top 5 canine arthropod-transmitted agents, Dirofilaria immitis, Leishmania spp., Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Borrelia burgdorferi infect unprotected animals without propensity.