Racemization of the substrate and product by serine palmitoyltransferase from Sphingobacterium multivorum yields two enantiomers of the product from d-serine.

Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyzes the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent decarboxylative condensation of l-serine and palmitoyl-CoA to form 3-ketodihydrosphingosine (KDS). Although SPT was shown to synthesize corresponding products from amino acids other than l-serine, it is still arguable whether SPT catalyzes the reaction with d-serine, which is a question of biological importance. Using high substrate and enzyme concentrations, KDS was detected after the incubation of SPT from Sphingobacterium multivorum with d-serine and palmitoyl-CoA.

Structural insights into the substrate recognition of serine palmitoyltransferase from Sphingobacterium multivorum.

Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) is a key enzyme of sphingolipid biosynthesis, which catalyzes the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent decarboxylative condensation reaction of l-serine (l-Ser) and palmitoyl-CoA (PalCoA) to form 3-ketodihydrosphingosine called long chain base (LCB). SPT is also able to metabolize l-alanine (l-Ala) and glycine (Gly), albeit with much lower efficiency. Human SPT is a membrane-bound large protein complex containing SPTLC1/SPTLC2 heterodimer as the core subunits, and it is known that mutations of the SPTLC1/SPTLC2 genes increase the formation of deoxy-type of LCBs derived from l-Ala and Gly to cause some neurodegenerative diseases.

Crystal structure of Sphingobacterium multivorum serine palmitoyltransferase complexed with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane.

Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyses the first reaction in sphingolipid biosynthesis: the decarboxylative condensation of L-serine (L-Ser) and palmitoyl-CoA to form 3-ketodihydrosphingosine. SPT from Sphingobacterium multivorum has been isolated and its crystal structure in complex with L-Ser has been determined at 2.3 Å resolution (PDB entry 3a2b).

Ossified Metaplastic Spinal Meningioma Without Psammomatous Calcification: A Case Report.

Meningiomas constitute approximately 25% of primary spinal cord tumors, and 1% to 5% are calcified. Ossification is a rare event and the etiology of ossification in meningiomas is not well known. We present the case of a 29-year-old female with a rare case of ossified thoracic spinal metaplastic meningioma.

Change in the pennation angle of the supraspinatus muscle after rotator cuff tear repair.

Background: The pennation angle is an important architectural and functional feature of pennate muscles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in the pennation angle of the supraspinatus muscle after rotator cuff tear repair.

Materials And Methods: The study included 68 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and magnetic resonance imaging.

Significance of Stabilometry for Assessing Postoperative Body Sway in Patients with Cervical Myelopathy.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Purpose: To examine the changes in body sway using stabilometry in patients who underwent cervical laminoplasty for cervical myelopathy.

Overview Of Literature: Although the patients of cervical myelopathy complain body sway there are few report to examine body sway objectively.

rgs-CaM Detects and Counteracts Viral RNA Silencing Suppressors in Plant Immune Priming.

Primary infection of a plant with a pathogen that causes high accumulation of salicylic acid in the plant typically via a hypersensitive response confers enhanced resistance against secondary infection with a broad spectrum of pathogens, including viruses. This phenomenon is called systemic acquired resistance (SAR), which is a plant priming for adaption to repeated biotic stress. However, the molecular mechanisms of SAR-mediated enhanced inhibition, especially of virus infection, remain unclear.

Useful ultrasonographic evaluation of the medial meniscus as a feature predicting the onset of radiographic knee osteoarthritis.

Objective: Medial radial displacement (MRD) of the medial meniscus is a feature proving a dysfunction in the medial meniscus in osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. MRD was measured in radiographic pre-OA knee and early osteoarthritis of the knee (early-OA) longitudinally using ultrasound (US) to investigate the characteristics involved in the onset and progression of OA.

Methods: Fifty-five patients with pain on the medial side of the knee participated in the present study.