Effectiveness of remote risk-based monitoring and potential benefits for combination with direct data capture.

Background: In recent years, alternative monitoring approaches, such as risk-based and remote monitoring techniques, have been recommended instead of traditional on-site monitoring to achieve more efficient monitoring. Remote risk-based monitoring (R2BM) is a monitoring technique that combines risk-based and remote monitoring and focuses on the detection of critical data and process errors. Direct data capture (DDC), which directly collects electronic source data, can facilitate R2BM by minimizing the extent of source documents that must be reviewed and reducing the additional workload on R2BM.

Reduced glutathione level in the aqueous humor of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma.

Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide in older people. Profiling the aqueous humor, including the metabolites it contains, is useful to understand physiological and pathological conditions in the eye. In the current study, we used mass spectrometry (MS) to characterize the aqueous humor metabolomic profile and biological features of patients with glaucoma.

Predictive potential of optical coherence tomography parameters for the prognosis of decreased visual acuity after trabeculectomy in open-angle glaucoma patients with good vision.

Background: Trabeculectomy (trab) is the most effective surgical procedure for lowering IOP and preventing glaucoma progression. However, decline in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) is one of the most serious postoperative complications of trab. Here, we investigated methods to predict decreased BCVA after trab in glaucoma patients with good preoperative BCVA.

DPP-4 Inhibitors Attenuate Fibrosis After Glaucoma Filtering Surgery by Suppressing the TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway.

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) on fibrosis after glaucoma filtering surgery with clinical data and an in vitro model that used transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) to induce human Tenon's fibroblast (HTF) fibrosis.

Methods: The medical records of 41 eyes of 35 patients with diabetes with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) who received initial trabeculectomy were retrospectively reviewed. The surgical success rate was compared between cases that received (n = 23) and did not receive (n = 18) DPP-4i treatment for diabetes.

Long-Term Surgical Outcomes and Possible Postoperative Complication with Severe Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss After Trabeculectomy for Cytomegalovirus-Associated Anterior Uveitis with Secondary Glaucoma.

Purpose: We assess long-term surgical outcomes after an initial trabeculectomy for cytomegalovirus-associated anterior uveitis with secondary glaucoma (CMV-SG).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 16 eyes of 15 patients with CMV-SG and 157 eyes of 157 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. The average follow-up period was approximately 3 years.

A Plant-Derived Antioxidant Supplement Prevents the Loss of Retinal Ganglion Cells in the Retinas of NMDA-Injured Mice.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of plant-derived antioxidant compounds, identified with primary culture screening, on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival in mice under excitotoxic conditions. Additionally, to determine the effect of these compounds on the involvement of calpain inactivation.

Materials And Methods: Plant-derived antioxidant compounds including hesperidin, crocetin, and were administrated orally to C57BL/6J mice.

Usefulness of Polarization-sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography-derived Attenuation-coefficient Images to Visualize the Internal Structure of the Filtering Bleb.

Purpose/aim Of The Study: Polarization-sensitive anterior-segmental optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) is useful to evaluate the filtering blebs after trabeculectomy. However, the attenuation phenomenon of OCT signal disturbs the visibility of intra-bleb's structure and distribution of birefringence; a specific parameter of PS-OCT. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the attenuation-coefficient image of the filtering blebs.

The DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor amsacrine as a novel candidate adjuvant in a model of glaucoma filtration surgery.

Treatments for refractory glaucoma include trabeculectomy, in which a filtering bleb is created to reduce aqueous pressure. Mitomycin C (MMC) is often used as an adjuvant to reduce post-trabeculectomy bleb scarring and consequent failure. However, scarring sometimes still occurs.

Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment of Risk Factors for Visual Acuity Decline After Trabeculectomy in Patients With Advanced Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Unlabelled: PRéCIS:: Thinning of the macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL) and ganglion cell complex in the papillomacular bundle area contributed significantly to visual acuity (VA) decline in advanced glaucoma patients after trabeculectomy.

Purpose: To identify structural parameters that could predict VA decline after trabeculectomy in patients with advanced open-angle glaucoma.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective review of 74 eyes of 74 patients with advanced glaucoma (defined as mean deviation -12 dB or worse) and best-corrected VA (BCVA) of ≥40/200.

The effectiveness of colchicine combined with mitomycin C to prolong bleb function in trabeculectomy in rabbits.

Purpose: To investigate the potential of colchicine to improve bleb function after trabeculectomy.

Methods: To find the maximum usable colchicine concentration, an ocular irritation study was performed with the Draize test at concentrations of 0.001%, 0.

Prediction of Surgical Outcome After Trabeculectomy for Neovascular Glaucoma With Anterior-segment Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: To determine the potential of anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) to predict posttrabeculectomy outcomes in neovascular glaucoma (NVG).

Patients And Methods: We recruited 45 eyes of 40 NVG patients who underwent trabeculectomy. The patients were divided into success and failure groups based on the posttrabeculectomy outcome after 12 months.

Metabolomic changes in the mouse retina after optic nerve injury.

In glaucoma, although axonal injury drives retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, little is known about the underlying pathomechanisms. To provide new mechanistic insights and identify new biomarkers, we combined latest non-targeting metabolomics analyses to profile altered metabolites in the mouse whole retina 2, 4, and 7 days after optic nerve crush (NC). Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography Fourier transform mass spectrometry covering wide spectrum of metabolites in combination highlighted 30 metabolites that changed its concentration after NC.

Anterior-Segment Optical Coherence Tomography for Predicting Postoperative Outcomes After Trabeculectomy.

Purpose: To determine whether anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) can be used to predict post-trabeculectomy bleb outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We divided 58 eyes of 47 trabeculectomy patients into success or failure groups based on their status at 12 months after surgery. We then compared various AS-OCT measurement parameters between the two groups at 1 and 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months.

Characteristic Profiles of Inflammatory Cytokines in the Aqueous Humor of Glaucomatous Eyes.

Purpose: To analyze cytokine profiles of the aqueous humor of eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), neovascular glaucoma (NVG), and cataract (as controls).

Methods: A multiplex bead assay was used to measure concentrations of 27 cytokines in aqueous humor samples from 54 eyes.

Results: Detection rates were as follows: IL-7: NVG higher than POAG; IL-10: POAG lower than cataract or NVG; and GM-CSF: cataract higher than POAG or NVG.

Erratum: Estimation of Jones matrix, birefringence and entropy using Cloude-Pottier decomposition in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography: erratum.

[This corrects the article on p. 3551 in vol. 7, PMID: 27699120.

Estimation of Jones matrix, birefringence and entropy using Cloude-Pottier decomposition in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography.

Estimation of polarimetric parameters has been a fundamental issue to assess biological tissues that have form birefringence or polarization scrambling in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT). We present a mathematical framework to provide a maximum likelihood estimation of the target covariance matrix and its incoherent target decomposition to estimate a Jones matrix of a dominant scattering mechanism, called Cloude-Pottier decomposition, thereby deriving the phase retardation and the optic axis of the sample. In addition, we introduce entropy that shows the randomness of the polarization property.

Quantification of the filtering bleb's structure with anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Background: The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between post-trabeculectomy bleb structure evaluated using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP).

Design: Rretrospective is showed for the design of this study.

Participants: There are twenty-seven eyes of 27 trabeculectomy patients.

Characteristics of patients with primary open angle glaucoma and normal tension glaucoma at a university hospital: a cross-sectional retrospective study.

Background: The characteristics of glaucoma patients and their response to therapy may differ by institution, region and country. Therefore, clinicians should understand the distinctiveness of their patients. Here, we profile primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients at a major university hospital in Japan.

Fiber-based polarization-sensitive OCT for birefringence imaging of the anterior eye segment.

We demonstrate a prototype system of polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) designed for clinical studies of the anterior eye segment imaging. The system can measure Jones matrices of the sample with depth-multiplexing of two orthogonal incident polarizations and polarization-sensitive detection. An optical clock is generated using a quadrature modulator and a logical circuit to double the clock frequency.

The traditional kampo medicine tokishakuyakusan increases ocular blood flow in healthy subjects.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of oral administration of kampo medical formulas on ocular blood flow (OBF). A crossover protocol was used to randomly administer five grams of yokukansan, tokishakuyakusan (TSS), keishibukuryogan, or hachimijiogan to 13 healthy blinded subjects (mean age: 37.3 ± 12.

Relationship of skin autofluorescence to severity of retinopathy in type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between skin autofluorescence (SAF), which reflects the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Sixty-seven eyes of 67 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Sixty-seven age-matched non-diabetic subjects served as controls.

Profiles of extracellular miRNAs in the aqueous humor of glaucoma patients assessed with a microarray system.

Aqueous humor (AH) is one of the body fluids in the eye, which is known to be related with various ocular diseases, but the complete RNAs characteristic of the AH in patients is not yet known. The aim of this study was, with a microarray analysis, to reveal the disease-related extracellular miRNAs profiles in individual patients AH. 100 μl of AH was collected by anterior chamber paracentesis from 10 glaucoma, 5 cataract, and 5 epiretinal membrane patients.