Machine learning analysis of dimensional reduction conjecture for nonequilibrium Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in three dimensions.

We investigate the recently proposed dimensional reduction conjecture in driven disordered systems using a machine learning technique. The conjecture states that a static snapshot of a disordered system driven at a constant velocity is equal to a space-time trajectory of its lower-dimensional pure counterpart. This suggests that the three-dimensional (3D) random field XY model exhibits the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition when driven out of equilibrium.

Factors Affecting the Discrepancy Between Coagulation Times on Extracorporeal Circulation Using Unfractionated Heparin in Children and Young Adults.

In unfractionated heparin (UFH) monitoring during extracorporeal circulation, the traditional measures of activated clotting time (ACT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) may diverge, confounding anticoagulant adjustments. We aimed to explore the factors explaining this discrepancy in children and young adults. This retrospective observational study, conducted at an urban regional tertiary hospital, included consecutive pediatric patients who received UFH during extracorporeal circulation (continuous kidney replacement therapy or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) between April 2017 and March 2021.

The Japanese Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (jpCRRT) Registry: Study Protocol.

Background: The use of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in critically ill children is rapidly increasing, but the standard of care has not yet been established and prognosis remains poor. To develop optimal CRRT strategies, we launched a research project generating the Japanese Pediatric CRRT registry, a multicenter registry of CRRT in Japanese pediatric intensive care units (PICUs), to investigate the actual status of CRRT in recent years in PICUs, where data are lacking.

Methods: This manuscript presents a protocol for planning a multicenter prospective registry.

Factors associated with successful liberation from continuous renal replacement therapy in children and young adults: analysis of the worldwide exploration of renal replacement outcomes collaborative in Kidney Disease Registry.

Purpose: Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is used for supportive management of acute kidney injury (AKI) and disorders of fluid balance (FB). Little is known about the predictors of successful liberation in children and young adults. We aimed to identify the factors associated with successful CRRT liberation.

Major Adverse Kidney Events in Pediatric Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy.

Importance: Continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) is increasingly used in youths with critical illness, but little is known about longer-term outcomes, such as persistent kidney dysfunction, continued need for dialysis, or death.

Objective: To characterize the incidence and risk factors, including liberation patterns, associated with major adverse kidney events 90 days after CKRT initiation (MAKE-90) in children, adolescents, and young adults.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This international, multicenter cohort study was conducted among patients aged 0 to 25 years from The Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK) registry treated with CKRT for acute kidney injury or fluid overload from 2015 to 2021.

A case of anti-NPX-2 antibody-positive dermatomyositis resulting in massive haemothorax with acquired factor XIII deficiency.

Autoimmune diseases, including dermatomyositis, can be complicated by an acquired autoimmune coagulation factor XIII deficiency, which sometimes results in fatal bleeding. Here, we report the case of a young woman with anti-NPX-2 antibody-positive dermatomyositis who developed massive haemothorax with acquired factor XIII deficiency during treatment, including plasma exchange therapy. Emergency transcatheter arterial embolisation was performed and coagulation factor XIII concentrates (Fibrogammin P® 240 U/day for 5 days) were supplemented.

Characteristics of pediatric continuous renal replacement therapies in hospitals with pediatric intensive care units in Japan.

Introduction: Information on the implementation of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) is limited. We investigated the real-world practice of this therapy in Japan.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 26 hospitals with PICUs in Japan.

Effect of post-ICU follow-up by a rapid response team after congenital heart surgery.

Patients with congenital heart disease who have a variety of cardiac/extracardiac problems are at high risk for deterioration. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of post-intensive care unit (ICU) follow-up by a rapid response team (RRT) after congenital heart surgery. This before-and-after study was conducted at an urban regional tertiary hospital.

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020).

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020), a Japanese-specific set of clinical practice guidelines for sepsis and septic shock created as revised from J-SSCG 2016 jointly by the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, was first released in September 2020 and published in February 2021. An English-language version of these guidelines was created based on the contents of the original Japanese-language version. The purpose of this guideline is to assist medical staff in making appropriate decisions to improve the prognosis of patients undergoing treatment for sepsis and septic shock.

Liouvillian Skin Effect: Slowing Down of Relaxation Processes without Gap Closing.

It is highly nontrivial to what extent we can deduce the relaxation behavior of a quantum dissipative system from the spectral gap of the Liouvillian that governs the time evolution of the density matrix. We investigate the relaxation processes of a quantum dissipative system that exhibits the Liouvillian skin effect, which means that the eigenmodes of the Liouvillian are localized exponentially close to the boundary of the system, and find that the timescale for the system to reach a steady state depends not only on the Liouvillian gap Δ, but also on the localization length ξ of the eigenmodes. In particular, we show that the longest relaxation time τ that is maximized over initial states and local observables is given by τ∼Δ^{-1}(1+L/ξ) with L being the system size.

Heatstroke-like symptoms in a patient with coronavirus disease pneumonia.

While there are no clear indications for body temperature control during viral infections such as COVID-19, if heat stress caused by COVID-19 leads to organ failure, then proactive body temperature regulation may be an effective treatment option.

Characteristics of Patients With Congenital Heart Disease Requiring ICU Admission From Japanese Emergency Departments.

Objectives: To evaluate the characteristics of patients with congenital heart disease requiring ICU admission from emergency departments and determine the associations between the reasons for emergency department visits and specific congenital heart disease types or cardiac procedures.

Design: Retrospective observational study using data from a Japanese multicenter database.

Setting: Twelve PICUs and 11 general ICUs in Japan.

The prevalence and characteristics of rapid response systems in hospitals with pediatric intensive care units in Japan and barriers to their use.

Objective: The use of pediatric rapid response systems (RRSs) to improve the safety of hospitalized children has spread in various western countries including the United States and the United Kingdom. We aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of pediatric RRSs and barriers to use in Japan, where epidemiological information is limited.

Design: A cross-sectional online survey.

Divergence of the Floquet-Magnus expansion in a periodically driven one-body system with energy localization.

The Floquet-Magnus expansion is a useful tool to calculate an effective Hamiltonian for periodically driven systems. In this study, we investigate the convergence of the expansion for a one-body nonlinear system in a continuous space, a driven anharmonic oscillator. In this model, all eigenstates of the time-evolution operator are found to be localized in energy space, and the expectation value of the energy is bounded from above.

Association Between Post-procedure Intracardiac Pressures and the Use of Temporary Epicardial Pacing Wires After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery.

The indications for using temporary epicardial pacing wires after pediatric cardiac surgery remain unclear. Post-procedure intracardiac pressure is valuable for detecting circulatory disturbances and residual lesions. This study aimed to examine the association between post-procedure intracardiac pressures and the use of temporary epicardial pacing wires.

Nonequilibrium quasi-long-range order of a driven random-field O(N) model.

We investigate three-dimensional O(N) spin models driven with a uniform velocity over a random field. Within a spin-wave approximation, it is shown that in the strong driving regime the model with N=2 exhibits a quasi-long-range order in which the spatial correlation function decays in a power-law form. Furthermore, for the cases that N=2 and 3, we numerically demonstrate a nonequilibrium phase transition between the quasi-long-range order phase and the disordered phase, which turns out to resemble the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in the two-dimensional pure XY model in equilibrium.