Change in mobility function and its causes in adults with cerebral palsy by Gross Motor Function Classification System level: A cross-sectional questionnaire study.

Background: The prognosis for mobility function by Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level is vital as a guide to rehabilitation for people with cerebral palsy.

Objective: This study sought to investigate change in mobility function and its causes in adults with cerebral palsy by GMFCS level.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire study.

Ultrasonographic evaluation of changes in the muscle architecture of the gastrocnemius with botulinum toxin treatment for lower extremity spasticity in children with cerebral palsy.

Background: Botulinum toxin A treatment involves injecting botulinum toxin A to relax muscle spasticity. Using ultrasonography, this study examined changes in the muscle architecture before and after treatment to evaluate the influence of botulinum toxin A injection on muscles.

Methods: The participants included 18 children (mean age, 6.