Publications by authors named "Taigi Yamazaki"
Aim: Developmental disabilities (DD) often persist into adulthood, necessitating early and continuous treatment. Although pharmacotherapy is a viable treatment option, managing medication can be challenging. Prior research has not explored medication use among patients with DD in Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Elderly patients often face feeding and swallowing issues, leading to the use of the simple suspension method where tablets are dissolved in warm water for tube administration without crushing.
- A study using verapamil revealed that drug release was faster from crushed tablets than from the simple suspension or intact tablets, indicating significant differences in dissolution profiles.
- While both crushing and simple suspension methods can safely help patients with dysphagia, they may also increase the risk of side effects, so it's advisable to avoid altering medications before giving them.
Article Synopsis
- The use of food thickeners with ciprofloxacin can alter the drug’s appearance and slow down its dissolution, potentially affecting its effectiveness and posing economic concerns in healthcare.
- A study was conducted on healthy Japanese males to compare how different methods of taking ciprofloxacin (with water, thickened water, and crushed tablets in thickened water) affect drug absorption.
- Results showed that while thickened water changed drug absorption, crushed tablets in thickened water provided similar absorption metrics as tablets with regular water, though crushing may risk losing active ingredients and requires careful consideration.
Article Synopsis
- A study analyzed urinary microRNAs in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) to find potential biomarkers for monitoring tumor burden during treatment.
- Researchers compared microRNA expressions among patients who underwent different treatments (esophagectomy and endoscopic submucosal resection) and healthy individuals to identify significant differences.
- Out of 205 selected microRNAs, 18 showed consistent changes related to tumor burden and 3 of these indicated a trend with tumor recurrence, suggesting they could be useful for tracking ESCC progression and treatment response.
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common developmental disorder. This study aims to clarify the timing of diagnosis of ADHD in working-age workers with psychiatric comorbidities using large claims data in Japan. Based on a literature survey, we identified 10 typical comorbidities of ADHD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Children with Kawasaki disease often struggle with the bitter taste of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) powder, leading to difficulties in medication adherence.
- To improve this, a new mini-tablet formulation of ASA was developed and tested against the powder in a study with healthy participants.
- The results showed no significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of ASA between the mini-tablet and powder, suggesting that the mini-tablet could enhance adherence in pediatric patients without compromising effectiveness.
Prednisolone is a frequently prescribed steroid with a bitter, unpalatable taste that can result in treatment refusal. Oral suspensions or powder dosage forms are often prescribed, particularly to pediatric patients, as they improve swallowability and ease of dose adjustment. Consequently, the bitterness of prednisolone is more apparent in these dosage forms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMinitablets have garnered interest as a new paediatric formulation that is easier to swallow than liquid formulations. In Japan, besides the latter, fine granules are frequently used for children. We examined the swallowability of multiple drug-free minitablets and compared it with that of fine granules and liquid formulations in 40 children of two age groups ( = 20 each, aged 6-11 and 12-23 months).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrinary bladder dysfunction, which is one of the most common diabetic complications, is associated with alteration of bladder smooth muscle contraction. However, details regarding the responses under high-glucose (HG) conditions in diabetes are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to identify a relationship between extracellular glucose level and bladder smooth muscle contraction in diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlteration of bladder contractility was examined in the spontaneously hypertensive and hyperlipidemic rat (SHHR; age, 9 months; systolic blood pressure, >150 mm Hg; plasma cholesterol, >150 mg/dl). Carbachol (CCh) induced time- and dose-dependent contractions in Sprague-Dawley (age-matched control) rats and SHHR; however, maximal levels differed significantly (13.3 +/- 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF