Quality assurance in lung cancer screening.

The effectiveness of screening programmes is critically dependent on the accuracy of the screening test. Where this relies on clinical expertise, there is an imperative to assure that the level of expertise meets expected standards. In cancer screening involving images, the focus is on the reader.

Have changes in colorectal surgery training impacted on mortality in cancer patients? A retrospective cohort study of 51,562 procedures.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to explore whether there were any differences in consultant colorectal surgeon training and adjusted 90-day postoperative colorectal cancer mortality rates (AMR).

Methods: We undertook a retrospective analysis of outcomes data published on the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI) website. A total of 51,562 procedures for patients in England diagnosed with large bowel cancer between 2010 and 2015, registered under 551 consultants were included.

Performance of a Breast Cancer Detection AI Algorithm Using the Personal Performance in Mammographic Screening Scheme.

Background The Personal Performance in Mammographic Screening (PERFORMS) scheme is used to assess reader performance. Whether this scheme can assess the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms is unknown. Purpose To compare the performance of human readers and a commercially available AI algorithm interpreting PERFORMS test sets.

Appendicolith appendicitis: should we be operating sooner? A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Evidence suggests that delaying an appendicectomy for up to 24 hours does not increase the risk of complicated appendicitis. Appendicoliths are a risk factor for perforation. No study has explored the temporal relationship between appendicolith presence and time to perforation.

Take a break: should breaks be enforced during digital breast tomosynthesis reading sessions?

Objectives: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) can improve diagnostic accuracy compared to 2D mammography, but DBT reporting is time-consuming and potentially more fatiguing. Changes in diagnostic accuracy and subjective and objective fatigue were evaluated over a DBT reporting session, and the impact of taking a reporting break was assessed.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five National Health Service (NHS) mammography readers from 6 hospitals read a cancer-enriched set of 40 DBT cases whilst eye tracked in this prospective cohort study, from December 2020 to April 2022.

Hydrogen gas sensing performance of a carbon-doped boron nitride nanoribbon at elevated temperatures.

In this study, computational simulations were used to investigate the performance of a carbon-doped boron nitride nanoribbon (BC2NNR) for hydrogen (H2) gas sensing at elevated temperatures. The adsorption energy and charge transfer were calculated when H2 was simultaneously attached to carbon, boron, and both boron and nitrogen atoms. The sensing ability was further analyzed considering the variations in current-voltage (I-V) characteristics.

Perceptions, barriers and enablers of salt reduction in Malaysian out-of-home sectors (MySaltOH): from the point of view of policy-makers and food industries.

Background: High salt intake is a major cause of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The out-of-home sectors have been identified as one of the contributors of high salt intake in the population. The National Salt Reduction Policy of Malaysia was initiated in 2015; however, out-of-home sectors are yet to be emphasized and perception by policy-makers and the food industries towards salt reduction are yet unknown.

Environmental regionalization and endemic plant distribution in the Maghreb.

Clustering methods based on environmental variables are useful in the planning of conservation strategies for species and ecosystems. However, there is a lack of work on the regionalization of the vast space of North Africa and the distribution of plant species. The current lists of endemic plants are focused mostly on an occurrence at the country level and not on regions with different conditions.

The predictive significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in cholecystitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this review was to examine whether neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can predict the presence of cholecystitis and distinguish between simple and severe cholecystitis.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Can an Ice-Cream Based Supplement Help Address Malnutrition in Orthogeriatric Patients?

Using a Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) methodology, we describe our first cycle of a project using an ice-cream oral nutritional supplement (ONS ice-cream) to address malnutrition in older patients. A Scandishake-based (Nutricia) vanilla flavored ice-cream was developed and piloted on a cohort of orthopedic patients over 3 days. All suitable patients were offered 100 g ice-cream portions (240 kcal/per portion).

Provision of a local anaesthetic minor procedures service by surgical advanced clinical practitioners: 5-year study.

Background: Surgical advanced clinical practitioners (SACPs) form part of the extended surgical workforce drawn from a variety of allied healthcare backgrounds. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether there was a financial benefit in having minor surgical procedures undertaken by dedicated SACPs compared with operating lists assigned to consultant surgeons.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study including all patients who had minor 'lumps and bumps' procedures undertaken between April 2014 and August 2019 at East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust under local anaesthetic by the general surgery team.

Is there seasonal variation in gallstone related admissions in England?

Background: Gallstone related pathology (GRP) accounts for a significant proportion of general surgery admissions. The aim of this study is to investigate if seasonal variation for GRP admissions exist in England allowing improved resource allocation and planning.

Methods: This multicentre retrospective cohort study included only emergency adult (≥18 years old) admissions to acute secondary care with ICD-10 codes associated with gallstones between 01/01/2010 to 31/12/2019 in England using Hospital Episode Statistics data.

Acute small bowel obstruction: one-year retrospective study of admissions to inner city Royal Perth Hospital.

Background: Analyse admissions to Royal Perth Hospital (RPH) with acute small bowel obstruction (SBO), and identify trends between outcomes and management.

Methods: Retrospective, single-centre review of patients admitted to RPH with acute SBO, between May 2017 and May 2018.

Results: A total of 251 admissions met inclusion criteria.

Patterns of genetic diversity in North Africa: Moroccan-Algerian genetic split in Juniperus thurifera subsp. africana.

Juniperus thurifera is a key element of the forest communities in arid and semi-arid areas of the western Mediterranean. Previous genetic and morphological investigations suggested that Algerian populations are genetically more similar to European than to Moroccan populations and advocated their recognition at the variety rank. We aimed to investigate the spatial genetic structure in J.

Avulsion fracture of an ossified pes anserinus tendon post-lateral patellar dislocation.

The pes anserinus is a common tendon comprising the tendinous insertions of the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles. It inserts at the anteromedial aspect of the tibia and plays a significant role in stabilization of the medial side of the knee joint. The current article presents a case with recurrent lateral patellar dislocations causing chronic stress along the medial knee stabilizers and consecutive enthesophyte formation at the insertion of the pes anserinus tendon that showed a transverse fracture upon a subsequent incident of traumatic lateral patellar dislocation.

Central Precocious Puberty: A Case Report.

Precocious puberty in a male child is uncommon. Moreover, a predominantly luteinising hormone secreting pituitary tumor is rare. We report a case of predominantly luteinising hormone secreting pituitary adenoma causing precocious puberty in a three year old boy.

Ambras Syndrome: First Reported Case in Bangladesh and its Oral Rehabilitation.

People with rare hypertrichosis syndromes became crowd-drawing money-making phenomena in many 19th century sideshow acts. These individuals have been referred to as dog-men, hair-men, and werewolves. In 1993, Baumister et al.

Cleft lip and palate: diagnosis and management.

Cleft lip and palate is the most common congenital facial anomaly in children, which can affect appearance, speech, hearing, growth, psychosocial wellbeing and social integration. This article provides an overview of the condition for the benefit of all health-care professionals.

Chronic gastritis in a gastric diverticulum misdiagnosed as a left adrenal mass.

Gastric diverticula are rare and usually asymptomatic. They are most frequently located on the posterior wall of the stomach. Many of them were reported as adrenal masses.