Antibiofilm, regenerative and bone homeostasis potential of the synergistic association of synoeca-MP peptide with chlorhexidine in oral cavity opportunistic infections.

Objective: Synoeca-MP is an antimicrobial peptide that belongs to the class of defense peptides, known for their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. To evaluate in vitro the association between synoeca-MP peptide and chlorhexidine, regarding their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities, saliva stability, effect on tissue repair, bone resorption processes, and mineralized matrix formation.

Design: Initially, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and antibiofilm concentration were determined.

Effects of ionizing radiation on osteoblastic cells: In vitro insights into the etiopathogenesis of osteoradionecrosis.

Objective: This in vitro study aimed to analyze the effects of ionizing radiation on immortalized human osteoblast-like cells (SaOS-2) and further assess their cellular response in co-culture with fibroblasts. These analyses, conducted in both monoculture and co-culture, are based on two theoretical models of osteoradionecrosis - the theory of hypoxia and cellular necrosis and the theory of the radiation-induced fibroatrophic process.

Design: SaOS-2 cells were exposed to ionizing radiation and evaluated for cell viability, nitric oxide (NO) production, cellular morphology, wound healing, and gene expression related to the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway.

IFN--Licensed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are More Susceptible to Death when Exposed to Quorum-Sensing Signal Molecule OdDHL and Less Effective in Inhibiting the Growth of .

Currently, a series of licensing strategies has been investigated to enhance the functional properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Licensing with IFN- is one of the most investigated strategies for enhancing the immunosuppressive potential of such cells. However, it is not yet known whether this licensing strategy could interfere with the ability of MSCs to control bacterial growth, which may be relevant considering their clinical potential.

Association between host defence peptide IDR-1002 and ciprofloxacin: Effects on human dental pulp cells.

To evaluate the effects of the association of host defence peptide IDR-1002 and ciprofloxacin on human dental pulp cells (hDPSCs). hDPSCs were stimulated with ciprofloxacin and IDR-1002. Cell viability (by MTT assay), migration capacity (by scratch assay), production of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators by hDPSCs (RT-PCR) and osteogenic differentiation (alizarin red staining) were evaluated.

Senotherapeutic Peptide 14 Suppresses Th1 and M1 Human T Cell and Monocyte Subsets In Vitro.

Inflammation contributes to the onset and exacerbation of numerous age-related diseases, often manifesting as a chronic condition during aging. Given that cellular senescence fosters local and systemic inflammation, senotherapeutic interventions could potentially aid in managing or even reducing inflammation. Here, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of the senotherapeutic Peptide 14 (Pep 14) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), monocytes, and macrophages.

Senescence on Dental Pulp Cells: Effects on Morphology, Migration, Proliferation, and Immune Response.

Introduction: Evidence indicates that senescence can affect essential dental pulp functions, such as defense capacity and repair, consequently affecting the successes of conservative endodontic treatments. This study aims to evaluate the effects of senescence on the morphology, migration, proliferation, and immune response of human dental pulp cells.

Methods: Cells were treated with doxorubicin to induce senescence, confirmed by β-galactosidase staining.

Photobiomodulation effects on fibroblasts and keratinocytes after ionizing radiation and bacterial stimulus.

Objective: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has proven to reduce inflammation and pain and increase wound healing. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of PBMT parameters on migration, proliferation, and gene expression after ionizing radiation and bacterial-induced stress in an in vitro study.

Design: Keratinocytes (HaCaT) and Fibroblasts (HGFs) were grown in DMEM with 10 % fetal bovine serum until stressful condition induction with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Escherichia coli (1 µg/mL), Porphyromonas gingivalis protein extract (5 µg/mL) and ionizing radiation (8 Gy).

Histologic and proteomic profile of two methods to decellularize human dental pulp tissue.

Objective: The present study compared the structural and proteomic architecture of extracellular matrices (ECM) of decellularized human dental pulp using two previously described protocols.

Design: Pulp tissue from 150 molars was extracted and three treatments took place, based on the Matoug-Elwerfelli Group (MG) and the Song Group (SG) protocols and an untreated pulp group (CG), to examine histoarchitecture and the effectiveness of the decellularization process, using histological analysis (n = 12) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (n = 3). Protein extraction took place using 100 mg dry weight of pulp, in triplicates for each group, and the shotgun proteome analysis was performed by nanoUPLC-MS.

Host defense peptides combined with MTA extract increase the repair in dental pulp cells: in vitro and ex vivo study.

Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) have, in previous studies, been demonstrating antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory capacity, important factors in the repair process. Knowing these characteristics, this article aims to evaluate the potential of HDPs IDR1018 and DJK-6 associated with MTA extract in the repair process of human pulp cells. Antibacterial activity of HDPs, MTA and HDPs combined with MTA in Streptococcus mutans planktonic bacteria and antibiofilm activity was evaluated.

Dental pulp and apical papilla cells senescence: causes, consequences, and prevention.

Dental pulp under physiological conditions has a defense function, repair capacity, and important mechanisms in pathological processes. In addition, the dental papilla is involved in important defense processes and an essential function in the pulp revascularization process. It is known that dental pulp and apical papilla undergo a natural aging process, in addition to stressful situations such as bruxism, inflammation, and infections.

Evaluation of the biotechnological potential of peptide Cupiennin 1a and analogs.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are components in the innate immune system of various organisms, and many AMPs can be found in poisons from animals such as spiders, scorpions, and snakes. The peptide Cupiennin-1a is present in the venom of the spider and belongs to a group of peptides called cupiennins. The peptide demonstrated high cytotoxic activity against mammalian cells; thus, aiming to solve this problem, seven analogs were designed (R1a, R1b, R2b, R3b, R6b, R8b, and R10b) based on the primary structure of the peptide Cupiennin 1a, reducing its size and substituting some amino acid residues.

Antibiofilm and immunomodulatory resorbable nanofibrous filing for dental pulp regenerative procedures.

Multifunctional scaffolds with host defense peptides designed for regenerative endodontics are desirable nanobiotechnological tools for dentistry. Here, different scaffolds were tested for use during the pulp revascularization process, including poly(vinyl alcohol)-PVA hydrogels or resins, collagen hydrogels and poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA/Chitosan (PVA/CS) nanofibers. Based on time to degradation (21 days), nanofibers were chosen to be incorporated with ciprofloxacin and IDR-1002 (each at 50 mg/g).

Synergistic activity and immunomodulatory potential of levofloxacin and Synoeca-MP peptide against multi-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

The purpose of this article is to study the isolated and combined effect of the peptides Synoeca-MP and IDR-1018 against multi-resistant clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae (Kp2177569 - LACEN) in vitro. The bactericidal activity of the peptide Synoeca-MP in combination with three different classes of commercial antimicrobials and its immunomodulatory potential was also evaluated.

Nanostrategies to Develop Current Antiviral Vaccines.

Infectious diseases are a worldwide concern. They are responsible for increasing the mortality rate and causing economic and social problems. Viral epidemics and pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, force the scientific community to consider molecules with antiviral activity.

The Effects of High-Protein Diet and Resistance Training on Glucose Control and Inflammatory Profile of Visceral Adipose Tissue in Rats.

High-protein diets (HPDs) are widely accepted as a way to stimulate muscle protein synthesis when combined with resistance training (RT). However, the effects of HPDs on adipose tissue plasticity and local inflammation are yet to be determined. This study investigated the impact of HPDs on glucose control, adipocyte size, and epididymal adipose inflammatory biomarkers in resistance-trained rats.

Concentrated MTA Repair HP reduced biofilm and can cause reparative action at a distance.

Aim: To evaluate in vitro whether MTA Repair HP can induce repair processes at a distance, including its effects on biofilm, cell viability, migration, production of TGF-β, phosphate and ALP, evaluated through MTA diluted extracts.

Methodology: Initially, antibacterial tests were performed with the bacterium Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) in the presence of MTA extracts (dilutions of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4). Growth inhibition assay by microdilution in broth, antibiofilm plate assay of young biofilm and antibiofilm assay in confocal microscopy of mature biofilm were carried out.

Antimicrobial and immunomodulatory in vitro profile of double antibiotic paste.

Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity of double antibiotic paste (DAP) in an in vitro infection model.

Methodology: The minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) and the antibiofilm activities (TTC assay) of DAP and its components (ciprofloxacin and metronidazole) were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis compared with triple antibiotic paste (TAP). The cellular viability of RAW 264.

Proteomic analysis of human dental pulp in different clinical diagnosis.

Objectives: The present study aimed to identify proteins obtained from pulp tissue and correlate with each clinical diagnosis (healthy pulp, inflamed pulp, and necrotic pulp).

Materials And Methods: A total of forty-five molars were used. Three biological replicas were evaluated.

Physiopathology of nitric oxide in the oral environment and its biotechnological potential for new oral treatments: a literature review.

Objectives: A narrative review on the NO properties and their relationship with the oral environment describing NO's molecular origin, role, and perspectives regarding oral pathological, physiological, and regenerative processes for future applications and possible use as prevention or treatment in dentistry.

Materials And Methods: Pubmed was searched using the word "nitric oxide." Reviews, clinical studies, and experimental studies were eligible for the screening process.

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) inhibits osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activation through calcium and aluminum activities.

Objective: To evaluate the effect(s) of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on in vitro RANKL-mediated osteoclast-dependent bone resorption events and the influence of Ca and Al on the osteoclastogenesis inhibition by MTA.

Materials And Methods: Two types of osteoclast precursors, RAW 264.7 (RAW) cell line or bone marrow cells (obtained from BALB/c mice and stimulated with recombinant (r) macrophage colony stimulation factor (M-CSF), were stimulated with or without recombinant (r) activator of nuclear kappa B ligand (RANKL), in the presence or absence of MTA for 6 to 8 days.

Scanning Electron Microscopic/Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Analysis in Cases of Apical Periodontitis Refractory to Endodontic Treatment: A Case Series Study.

This study aimed to present a case series of refractory endodontic treatment leading to persistent apical periodontitis. All cases were submitted to scanning electron microscopic/energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDS) of the external surface of the surgically removed samples and identification of the elements present in the specimens. Carbon, oxygen and calcium were elements present in all of the cases in this study.

Salivary function impairment in type 2 Diabetes patients associated with concentration and genetic polymorphisms of chromogranin A.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on salivary function impairments according to glycemic control status and subsequently compare the concentration of chromogranin A (CHGA) with its genetic profile.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six patients with controlled T2DM, 36 with poorly controlled T2DM, and 38 nondiabetic subjects underwent salivary flow rate measurements by means of unstimulated labial (ULS), unstimulated whole (UWS), and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) collections. CHGA concentrations were determined in saliva and plasma with ELISA, and two CHGA polymorphisms (T-415C and Glu264Asp) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Impact of glycemic control on oral health status in type 2 diabetes individuals and its association with salivary and plasma levels of chromogranin A.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of glycemic control status in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) individuals on clinical oral health indicators and to compare the concentrations of plasma and salivary chromogranin A (CHGA) among nondiabetic subjects and T2DM patients, exploring their associations.

Design: In this cross-sectional study, 32 patients with controlled T2DM, 31 with poorly controlled T2DM and 37 nondiabetic subjects underwent a clinical and periodontal examination. CHGA concentrations were determined in saliva and plasma with ELISA.