Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Venous Thromboembolic Events Between Patients With Psoriasis or Psoriatic Arthritis on Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors, Interleukin-17 Inhibitors, Interleukin-12/23 Inhibitors and Interleukin-23 Inhibitors: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

Background: The risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in patients with psoriatic disease receiving biologics is not fully understood.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether novel biologic therapies (IL-17, IL-12/23, and IL-23 inhibitors) for biologic-naïve patients with psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are associated with differences in the risks of MACE and VTE compared with those with TNF inhibitors.

Methods: An emulated target trial was designed by a nationwide cohort using data from the TriNetX Research Network.

Association of PCSK9 inhibitors with risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Growing evidence has shown that cholesterol metabolism abnormalities involve carcinogenesis. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (PCSK9) inhibitors have been reported to inhibit tumor progression and prevent ultraviolet-related skin damage.

Objective: To investigate the association of PCSK9 inhibitors with the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC).

The risk of postherpetic neuralgia in COVID-19 vaccination-associated herpes zoster: A retrospective cohort study using TriNetX.

Background: The administration of the COVID-19 vaccine has been linked to the development of herpes zoster (HZ). However, studies examining the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 vaccination-associated and non-COVID-19 vaccination-associated HZ are lacking.

Objective: To investigate the risk of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in COVID-19 vaccination associated HZ.

Rationally designed β-cyclodextrin-crosslinked polyacrylamide hydrogels for cell spheroid formation and 3D tumor model construction.

In vitro tumor models are essential for understanding tumor behavior and evaluating tumor biological properties. Hydrogels that can mimic the tumor extracellular matrix have become popular for creating 3D in vitro tumor models. However, designing biocompatible hydrogels with appropriate chemical and physical properties for constructing tumor models is still a challenge.

Engineered biological nanoparticles as nanotherapeutics for tumor immunomodulation.

Biological nanoparticles, or bionanoparticles, are small molecules manufactured in living systems with complex production and assembly machinery. The products of the assembly systems can be further engineered to generate functionalities for specific purposes. These bionanoparticles have demonstrated advantages such as immune system evasion, minimal toxicity, biocompatibility, and biological clearance.

Enhancing X-Ray Sensitization with Multifunctional Nanoparticles.

In the progression of X-ray-based radiotherapy for the treatment of cancer, the incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) has a transformative impact. This study investigates the potential of NPs, particularly those comprised of high atomic number elements, as radiosensitizers. This aims to optimize localized radiation doses within tumors, thereby maximizing therapeutic efficacy while preserving surrounding tissues.

A supramolecular colloidal system based on folate-conjugated β-cyclodextrin polymer and indocyanine green for enhanced tumor-targeted cell imaging in 2D culture and 3D tumor spheroids.

Indocyanine green (ICG) is an FDA-approved medical diagnostic agent that is widely used as a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging molecular probe. However, ICG tends to aggregate to form dimers or H-aggregates in water and lacks physical and optical stability, which greatly decreases its absorbance and fluorescence intensity in various applications. Additionally, ICG has no tissue- or tumor-targeting properties, and its structure is not easy to modify, which has further limited its application in cancer diagnosis.

Correlation of Disease Severity, Proinflammatory Cytokines, and Reduced Brain Gray Matter Volumes in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. However, few studies have investigated brain changes associated with chronic inflammation. We hypothesized that chronic inflammation might be related to brain structural alterations in patients with AD.

Trends in liver cancer mortality in China from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Objective: We aimed to examine trends in overall mortality rates for liver cancer and those within subgroups according to sex, age, aetiological factors and modifiable risk factors in China from 1990 to 2019.

Design: The design of this study involved analysing liver cancer mortality rates in China from 1990 to 2019 using joinpoint regression analysis to identify significant changes in mortality rates. Annual percentage changes (APCs) and 95% CIs were used to quantify the magnitude of changes in mortality rates.

Engineering materials for pyroptosis induction in cancer treatment.

Cancer remains a significant global health concern, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. This research paper aims to investigate the role of pyroptosis induction in cancer treatment. Pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death characterized by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the formation of plasma membrane pores, has gained significant attention as a potential target for cancer therapy.

Associations of Atopic Dermatitis with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) shares similarities with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) regarding pathogenesis involving neuroinflammation and genetics. Nevertheless, evidence on the associations of AD with ADHD and/or ASD is inconclusive. This study aimed to systematically examine the existing evidence on the associations between AD, ADHD, and ASD.

Risk of Incident Venous Thromboembolism Among Patients With Bullous Pemphigoid or Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Nationwide Cohort Study With Meta-Analysis.

Background Bullous pemphigoid (BP) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV) share similar pathophysiology with venous thromboembolism (VTE) involving platelet activation, immune dysregulation, and systemic inflammation. Nevertheless, their associations have not been well established. Methods and Results To examine the risk of incident VTE among patients with BP or PV, we performed a nationwide cohort study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database and enrolled 12 162 adults with BP or PV and 12 162 controls.

Risk of Venous Thromboembolism Among Adults With Atopic Dermatitis.

Importance: The associations of atopic dermatitis (AD) with multiple cardiovascular comorbidities have been investigated because of its pathomechanisms regarding chronic systemic inflammation and potential vascular effects. Nevertheless, the association between AD and incident venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adulthood is largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association of AD with incident VTE.

Combined phacovitrectomy versus sequential surgery for idiopathic macular holes: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) change, idiopathic macular (IMH) closure, and complications in IMH patients receiving combined phacovitrectomy and sequential surgery (vitrectomy followed by phacoemulsification).

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from their inception through February 2022.

Association Between Oral Metformin Use and the Development of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Metformin is a biguanide derivative that is commonly used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). It demonstrates antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic activity within the ocular tissue and thus may be implicated in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, epidemiological studies have shown conflicting results.

Impact of partial bile duct ligation with or without repeated magnetic resonance imaging examinations in mice.

Partial bile duct ligation (pBDL) is considered a well-tolerated cholestatic model. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most widely used tools in noninvasive imaging. However, no systematic studies have reported the possible effects of repeated MRI assessments in the pBDL model.

Risk of Subsequent Dementia or Alzheimer Disease Among Patients With Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: Alzheimer disease (AD), a common form of dementia, shares several clinical and pathologic features with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Epidemiologic reports on the association of AMD with subsequent dementia or AD are inconsistent.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Intestinal flora variation reflects the short-term damage of microplastic to the intestinal tract in mice.

The potential toxicity of microplastic (MPs) to organisms has attracted extensive attention. However, due to the subacute toxicity of MPs, the biological effect is hard to verify in short-term exposure experiment. Here, by tracking the dynamics of gut microbes, mice model was utilized to evaluate the toxicity of compositional MPs (PE, PET, PP, PS and PVC).