Evaluating the impact of a multimodal perinatal education program on birth preparedness, mental health, and birth outcomes among rural primiparous women: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Perinatal education programs play a crucial role in enhancing maternal knowledge and practices related to childbirth, particularly among rural populations. This study aims to assess the impact of a holistic perinatal education program on birth preparedness, mental health, and birth outcomes among rural primiparous women.

Methods: A retrospective cohort design was employed, utilizing patient records from Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University between January 2021 and December 2022.

Effect of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride on cell replication and membrane permeability of Escherichia coli DH5α.

Ionic liquids (ILs) have elicited attention due to their unique properties. ILs may pose environmental risks to aquatic ecosystems once released into water during generation and application. Therefore, the toxic and antimicrobial properties of ILs should be analysed.