Background And Aims: Multiple developments of squamous dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the upper aerodigestive tract have been explained by field cancerization phenomenon and were associated with alcohol and cigarette use. Second primary SCC development after curative treatment impairs patients' quality of life and survival; however, how these consumption and cessation affect field cancerization is still unknown.
Methods: This is a multicenter cohort study including 331 patients with superficial esophageal SCC (ESCC) treated endoscopically and pooled data from 1022 healthy subjects for comparison.
Globally, a decreasing incidence of male esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been observed in recent decades. We evaluated the determinants of esophageal distinct iodine-unstained lesions (DIULs), high-cancer-risk lesions and ESCC, among 3858 Japanese alcohol-dependent men (40-79 years) who underwent chromoendoscopic screening between 2003 and 2018. The initial screening detected DIULs ≥ 5 mm in 541 patients (dysplasia in 319 and SCC in 129) and multiple DIULs in 640.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), head and neck SCC (HNSCC), and gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) are frequently detected at an early stage using endoscopic screening in Japanese alcohol-dependent men.
Methods: We performed endoscopic screening with esophageal iodine staining and oropharyngolaryngeal inspection in 7582 Japanese alcohol-dependent men (40-79 years) during 1993-2018, and retrospectively investigated their initial screening results.
Results: The 2008-2018 screening showed lower detection rates for ESCC (2.
World J Surg Oncol
February 2019
Background: Endoscopic resection (ER) has come to be recognized as a standard treatment for early gastric cancer (EGC). While its adoption is expanding, ER remains restricted to cases of EGC without lymph node metastasis for the treatment of local resection. On the other hand, histopathological analyses of surgically resected specimens of EGC have revealed the presence of lymph node (LN) metastasis in some cases of mucosal gastric cancer (MGC) and undifferentiated MGC (UD-MGC) is considered to have higher risk of nodal metastases than differentiated MGC (D-MGC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The presence of large or multiple esophageal distinct iodine-unstained lesions (DIULs) is a strong predictor of field cancerization in the upper aerodigestive tract. Several risk factors for DIULs, including genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases (ADH1B, rs1229984; ALDH2, rs671), have been demonstrated in Japanese alcohol-dependent men. However, few evaluations of alcohol-dependent women have been conducted in this field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi
June 2019
Aim: To determine whether the presence of columnar-lined esophagus (CLE) is associated with the presence of esophageal varices (EVs) in male Japanese alcoholics.
Methods: The subjects were 1614 Japanese alcohol-dependent men (≥ 40 years of age) who had undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopic screening. Digitalized records of high-quality endoscopic images that included the squamocolumnar junction and esophagogastric junction were retrospectively jointly reviewed by four expert endoscopists for the purpose of diagnosing CLE.
Background And Aim: Autoimmune bullous disease (ABD) is induced by autoantibodies against cell adhesion molecules, and blistering may occur on the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, mouth, oral cavity, laryngopharynx, and esophagus. Endoscopic prevalence and features of ABD-associated esophageal lesions are not well known. We conducted the present study to assess the endoscopic prevalence of ABD-associated mucosal lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPredicting invasion depth of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is crucial in determining the precise indication for endoscopic resection because the rate of lymph node metastasis increases in proportion to the invasion depth of the carcinoma. Previous studies have shown a close relationship between microvascular patterns observed by Narrow Band Imaging magnifying endoscopy and invasion depth of the superficial carcinoma. Thus, the Japan Esophageal Society (JES) developed a simplified magnifying endoscopic classification for estimating invasion depth of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Alcohol consumption combined with inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) and the presence of multiple esophageal Lugol-voiding lesions (LVLs; dysplasia) are strong predictors for multiple development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in East Asians. We invented a health risk appraisal (HRA) model for predicting the risk of ESCC based on drinking, smoking, dietary habits, and alcohol flushing, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoft palatal melanosis can be detected by visual inspection during routine physical examination or even personally in a mirror. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between squamous cell neoplasia in the upper aerodigestive tract (UAT) and soft palatal melanosis. We reviewed digitized records of high-quality endoscopic images of the soft palate of 1786 Japanese alcoholic men who underwent endoscopic screening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In patients with early stage gastric cancer in the middle third of the stomach, pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) can be an option as function-preserving surgery, although its oncologic safety is not definitively defined. This issues may be overcome using the sentinel node (SN) concept. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the SN concept in early gastric cancer patients who are candidates for PPG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Aims: Some patients develop multiple squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in the upper aerodigestive tract, attributed to field cancerization; alcohol consumption has been associated with this process. We examined the association between multiple areas of dysplastic squamous epithelium with the development of SCC of the esophagus or head and neck cancer, as well as alcohol consumption and smoking.
Methods: We examined 331 patients with early stage esophageal SCC using Lugol chromoendoscopy to evaluate the dysplastic squamous epithelium in the esophagus.
Background: The chemokine CXCL12 and its corresponding receptor CXCR4 are key players in the development of several cancers. Therefore, we hypothesized that there is a functional causality between CXCL12 expression and tumor progression in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods: We performed an immunohistochemical analysis in 79 consecutive patients with ESCC.
Radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a potentially curative, non-surgical treatment option for esophageal cancer, although the rate of local failure within the esophagus remains relatively high. Salvage esophagectomy is not regarded as a common treatment for esophageal cancer, since it is a high-risk surgery with a relatively high surgical mortality rate. Salvage endoscopic resection (ER) for local failure is used for treatment when esophageal cancer is localized and superficial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Sentinel node (SN) mapping using dye and radioisotope (RI) tracer has been reported to be feasible in cases of early gastric cancer. Because accurate diagnosis of micrometastasis is sometimes difficult in the limited time available during surgery, a faster and simpler method of improving the intraoperative diagnostic precision of lymph node metastasis is needed. The amount of tracer deposited in an SN can be determined from its radioactivity; however, the significance of the RI count has not been fully discussed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The sentinel node (SN) concept is safely applied and validated in early gastric cancer. Gastric lymph nodes are divided into five basins with the main gastric arteries, and the anterosuperior lymph nodes with the common hepatic artery (No. 8a) are classified in the right gastric artery (r-GA) basin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to assess the impact of postoperative complications after esophagectomy on long-term outcome.The treatment of esophageal cancer has recently been improved; however, esophagectomy with thoracotomy and laparotomy carries considerable postoperative morbidity and mortality. The real impact of postoperative complications on overall survival is still under evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Esophagectomy is one of the most invasive surgical treatments for digestive tract cancer, and the blood levels of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 are increased for several hours after surgery or in patients experiencing postoperative complications. CXCR2, an interleukin-8 receptor, is reportedly expressed in several carcinomas, and interleukin-8 signaling promotes cancer cell proliferation. The impact of postoperative complications following esophagectomy on long-term survival is controversial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug resistance to chemotherapy is a major issue in esophageal cancer management. Drug resistance may be mediated by genetic changes in the tumor; therefore, the identification of gene mutations may lead to better therapeutic outcomes. We used a novel method involving transposons to screen and identify drug-resistant genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: During the treatment of esophageal cancer with curative intent, patients sometimes experience deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or a central venous catheter-associated thrombus. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed our new-onset esophageal cancer patients and determined the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), the location of the thrombus and the risk factors for VTE.
Methods: One hundred and fifty-three patients undergoing treatment with curative intent were reviewed as candidates.
Purpose/aim: We performed a randomized, prospective animal study to investigate whether inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system with a (pro)renin receptor blocker (PRRB) prevents acute lung injury (ALI) in a rodent model.
Materials: We used Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats. We administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 2 mg/kg) intratracheally with or without PRRB pretreatment (1 mg/kg/d).
Background: Serum bilirubin levels frequently increase after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Several studies have reported hyperbilirubinemia in patients with postoperative complications. We aimed to perform a detailed large-scale analysis to clarify this association.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe describe a patient with solitary lymph node (LN) metastasis after three endoscopic mucosal resections (EMRs) in which a gastrointestinal stromal tumor was difficult to differentiate from the carcinoid and lymphoma tumors. A 77-year-old man underwent three EMRs at 62, 72, and 75 years of age, and all resections were determined to be curative. However, 2 years after the last EMR, screening abdominal ultrasonography detected a 20-mm solitary tumor at the lesser curvature of the upper stomach.
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