Comparison of Powered versus Manual Tooth Brushing for Safety and Efficacy in Patients with Gingivitis: A Randomised, Multicentre Clinical Trial in China.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of powered and manual tooth brushing on gingival inflammation in a Chinese population with mild to moderate gingivitis.

Methods: The present randomised, single-blind, parallel clinical trial was conducted in five cities in China. Generally healthy participants aged 18 to 65 years, who were non-smokers and had at least 20 sites of gingival bleeding, were included as eligible subjects.

Trend on dental caries status and its risk indicators in children aged 12 years in China: a multilevel analysis based on the repeated national cross-sectional surveys in 2005 and 2015.

Background: This study aimed to explore the trend and risk indicators for dental caries of children aged 12 years in China based on national oral health survey data in 2005 and 2015.

Methods: Research data were from the two latest national oral health surveys conducted in mainland China, including 30 and 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in 2005 and 2015, respectively. Children aged 12 years were clinically examined for dental caries and dental fluorosis according to the World Health Organization criteria.

Associated Factors of Oral Health-related Quality of Life in Chinese Adolescents Aged 12-15 Years.

Unlabelled: adolescents aged 12 to 15 years based on the 4th National Oral Health Survey and to explore its associated factors.

Methods: Students aged 12 to 15 years were recruited using to a multistage stratified random sampling method. All the subjects received oral examination and completed a questionnaire.

Determining the factors associated with oral health-related quality of life in Chinese elders: Findings from the fourth national survey.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the associations between the self-reported oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of older Chinese people and their socio-economic status and oral health using data collected in the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

Methods: After multistage stratified cluster sampling, 4332 adults aged 65-74 years participated in the study. After a clinical examination, the participants completed a structured questionnaire.

The relationship between different types of caries and periodontal disease severity in middle-aged and elderly people: findings from the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China.

Background: The relationship between dental caries and periodontal disease is still controversial. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between different types of caries and periodontal disease severity in middle-aged and elderly people in China.

Methods: The study population consisted of 4407 middle-aged and 4117 elderly subjects.

Dental expenditure, progressivity and horizontal inequality in Chinese adults: based on the 4th National Oral Health Epidemiology Survey.

Background: The financial burden of oral diseases is a growing concern as the medical expenses rise worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the dental expenditure, analyze its progressivity and horizontal inequality under the general health finance and insurance system, and identify the key social determinants of the inequality for Chinese adults.

Methods: A secondary analysis used the data of 13,464 adults from the 4th National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey (NOHES) in China was undertaken.

Oral Health Status of 12-year-olds from Regions with and without Coverage of the National Oral Health Comprehensive Intervention Program for Children in China.

Objective: To investigate the oral health status and related factors of 12-year-olds from regions with and without coverage of the National Oral Health Comprehensive Intervention Program in China by means of analysing national data from the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

Methods: Data of 12-year-olds participating in the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China were used for statistical analysis. Children who were recruited in the survey completed a dental examination and filled in a questionnaire.

Report of the National Investigation of Resources for Oral Health in China.

Objective: To investigate the current status and distribution of resources for oral health in China, by means of analysing national data from the National Investigation of Resources for Oral Health.

Methods: The National Investigation of Resources for Oral Health in China was performed in 2015, in parallel with the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China (2015 to 2016). A structured questionnaire on resources for oral health was used to collect the data of professional institutions and stomatological/dental workforce in each province.

Utilisation of Oral Health Services and Economic Burden of Oral Diseases in China.

Objective: To evaluate the use of oral health services, the economic burden of oral diseases and related influential factors in China.

Method: Using the multistage, stratified, equal proportion, random sampling method in the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China conducted in 2015 to 2016, residents aged 3 to 5 years, 12 to 15 years, 35 to 44 years, 55 to 64 years, and 65 to 74 years respectively were recruited, clinically examined and answered a questionnaire. Utilisation of oral health services were assessed in all the age groups and the economic burden of oral diseases in the past 12 months were assessed in the 3 to 5 years and 35 to 74 year-old groups.

Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviour and Oral Health Status of Chinese Diabetic Patients Aged 55 to 74 Years.

Objective: To understand the oral health knowledge, attitude, behaviour and oral health status of Chinese diabetic patients so as to facilitate the development of oral health education programmes for diabetic patients in China.

Method: A face-to-face questionnaire was conducted for 1,024 diabetic patients and 8,030 non-diabetic people aged 55 to 74 years old in order to understand their oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour. Oral health examination was implemented including caries, gingival bleeding, dental calculus, periodontal attachment loss, etc.

Factors Impacting the Oral Health-related Quality of Life in Chinese Adults: Results from the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

Objective: To explore the clinical and socio-demographic factors influencing oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of Chinese adults in the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

Methods: Multistage stratified cluster sampling and PPS method were used in sampling and 4720 adults aged 35 to 44 years were recruited. The study subjects completed a structured questionnaire in an interview and underwent a clinical examination.

Status of Tooth Loss and Denture Restoration in Chinese Adult Population: Findings from the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

Objective: To investigate the status of tooth loss and denture restoration in Chinese adults, analyse the changing trend and provide fundamental data for oral health policy.

Methods: According to the protocol of the 4th National Oral Health Survey, a multistage stratified random cluster-sampling method was used to enrol adult subjects aged 35 to 44, 55 to 64 and 65 to 74 years in all 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of the mainland of China. The status of tooth loss and denture restoration was investigated.

The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Periodontal Disease among 35 to 44-year-old Chinese Adults in the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

Objective: To assess the current periodontal status of 35 to 44-year-olds from the Chinese population and to analyse potential influence factors on periodontal disease.

Methods: The data of subjects were collected from both urban and rural areas of all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of the mainland of China, as part of the 4th National Oral Health Survey. All subjects were aged 35 to 44 years old.

How Root Caries Differs between Middle-aged People and the Elderly: Findings from the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China.

Objective: To investigate the differences in distribution of root caries and related factors between middle-aged and elderly people in China.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a multistage, cluster strategy was used to recruit 4,410 participants (2,197 males and 2,213 females) aged 35 to 44 years and 4,431 participants (2,222 males and 2,209 females) aged 65 to 74 years from all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of the mainland of China. The survey was conducted according to the basic methods proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Dental Caries in Chinese Elderly People: Findings from the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

Objective: To investigate the dental caries status and related factors in Chinese elderly people, using data from the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a multistage, cluster strategy was used to recruit 4,431participants (2,222 male and 2,209 female) aged 65 to 74 years from all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of the mainland of China. The survey was performed according to the diagnostic standard proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO).

The Prevalence and Associated Risk Indicators of Dental Fluorosis in China: Findings from the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

Objective: To explore the prevalence and associated risk indicators of dental fluorosis in the mainland of China.

Methods: Data for this study was obtained from the 4th National Oral Health Survey in China, conducted from 2015 to 2016. The sample population was 12-year-old school students.

Periodontal Status of Chinese Adolescents: Findings from the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

Objective: To investigate the periodontal health status and associated factors of adolescents aged 12 to 15 years old in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional national oral health survey was conducted in 2015-2016. The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select participants in all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the mainland of China.

Permanent Teeth Caries Status of 12- to 15-year-olds in China: Findings from the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

Objective: To investigate the dental caries status of teenagers in China by means of analysing national data from the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China.

Methods: Data for 12- to 15-year-olds participated in the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China were used for statistical analysis. Children who were recruited in the survey completed a dental examination and filled in a questionnaire.

Dental Caries Status and its Associated Factors among 3- to 5-year-old Children in China: A National Survey.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and severity of dental caries among pre-school children in China as part of the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

Methods: The sampling process was conducted with a multistage stratified cluster method. A total of 40,360 children aged between 3 and 5 years were recruited for this study.

The 4th National Oral Health Survey in the Mainland of China: Background and Methodology.

Oral disease patterns change over time and it is important to conduct epidemiological surveillance population surveys regularly to monitor the situation. The overall objectives of the present survey were: (1) to describe the oral health status of Chinese children and adults in the 2015-2016 4th National Oral Health Survey; (2) to investigate the oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours among children and adults; (3) to explore the association among sociodemographic characteristics, oral health behaviours, and the oral health status of Chinese children and adults. A national oral health survey was conducted among a representative sample of Chinese children and adults.

Patterns and Risk Factors for White Spot Lesions in Orthodontic Patients with Fixed Appliances.

Objective: To evaluate the development and risk factors of white spot lesions (WSLs) in orthodontic patients with fixed appliances in a Chinese population.

Methods: A total of 202 subjects participated in the cross-sectional study. Clinical examination of the state of the entire labial (buccal) enamel surface was conducted under artificial light using a clinical mirror and an explorer.

[Promote the development of dental education via National Board Dental Examinations].

Purpose: By evaluating the data of National Board Dental Examinations over recent 3 years, the disadvantages in the present dental education were analyzed and improvement schemes were proposed.

Methods: The enrollment system, faculty, facility and equipment were evaluated for dental schools in Hubei province from 2008 to 2010, including 4 dental schools and 7, dental professional schools. The passing rate of National Board Dental Examinations and National Board Dental Assistant Examinations were summarized.

A comparative evaluation of the efficacy of two novel desensitising dentifrices.

A comparison of the desensitising efficacy of two commercially available dentifrices with different modes of action was conducted in a randomised, examiner-blind, two-arm, parallel group, 8-week, longitudinal clinical study. Dentifrice A, (Sensodyne Multi Action Iso-Active), contained 50000 ppm KNO(3) and 1450 ppm fluoride as NaF. Dentifrice B, Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief, contained a combination of 80000 ppm arginine, bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, and 1450 ppm fluorine as NaMFP.

[Study of dental caries and the influence of social-behavioral risk factors on dental caries of 1,080 15-year-old adolescents].

Objective: To describe the dental caries of 15-year-old adolescents in Hubei province, and to determine the influence of various social-behavioral risk factors on dental caries in the population.

Methods: The survey employed a multistage, stratified, non-geometric proportional randomized sampling, representing adolescents aged 15-year-old in Hubei province. The epidemiological investigation of dental caries was made by clinical oral health examination.

[A national survey on dentin hypersensitivity in Chinese urban adults].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of dentin hypersensitivity in Chinese urban adults aged between 20 - 69 years old and the factors related to dentin hypersensitivity.

Methods: The Chinese national survey on dentin hypersensitivity was conducted in 20 - 69 years old adults in six representative cities, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Chengdu, and Xi'an in 2008. A multi-stage stratified randomizing sampling method was used.