Comparison of different severity scores in correlating hemoglobin levels with the severity of hepatic decompensation: An observational study.

Background: Chronic liver disease is a growing global health problem, leading to hepatic decompensation characterized by an array of clinical and biochemical complications. Several scoring systems have been introduced in assessing the severity of hepatic decompensation with the most frequent ones are Child-Pugh score, model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and MELD-Na score. Anemia is frequently observed in cirrhotic patients and is linked to worsened clinical outcomes.

Morphological Patterns of Spinal Degeneration and Trauma in a Nigerian Population: a Retrospective Radio-Anatomic Study.

Background: Understanding the morphological patterns of degenerative and traumatic spinal conditions is essential for precise diagnosis and management plans. This study evaluates the sequence of structural changes in degenerative spinal disorder patients' disco-vertebral unit and the traumatic spinal injury patterns in a northwestern Nigerian population.

Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study reviewed radiologic images of 307 patients with spinal degeneration (n=269) and trauma (n=38) at two tertiary hospitals in Northwest Nigeria.

Lipid-Based Nanoformulations for Drug Delivery: An Ongoing Perspective.

Oils and lipids help make water-insoluble drugs soluble by dispersing them in an aqueous medium with the help of a surfactant and enabling their absorption across the gut barrier. The emergence of microemulsions (thermodynamically stable), nanoemulsions (kinetically stable), and self-emulsifying drug delivery systems added unique characteristics that make them suitable for prolonged storage and controlled release. In the 1990s, solid-phase lipids were introduced to reduce drug leakage from nanoparticles and prolong drug release.

In Vitro Evaluation of Iraqi Kurdistan Tomato Accessions Under Drought Stress Conditions Using Polyethylene Glycol-6000.

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that affect plant growth and productivity, and plant stress responses are affected by both the intensity of stress and genotype. In Iraqi Kurdistan, tomato plants play a significant role in the country's economy. Due to climate change, which causes soil moisture to diminish, the crop's growth and yield have been dropping in recent years.

Nonlinear, single-mode, two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor instability in ideal media.

A model for the single mode, two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor instability in ideal, incompressible, immiscible, and inviscid fluids is developed as an extension of a previous linear model based on the Newton's second law [A. R. Piriz et al.

Enhancing glioma care with advanced imaging: T2-FLAIR mismatch as a predictive biomarker in IDH-mutant astrocytoma.

The study highlights that diffuse glioma, a prevalent type of brain tumor, affect approximately 100,000 individuals worldwide each year. IDH-mutant astrocytoma and oligodendrogliomas typically have a more favorable prognosis compared to IDH-wildtype glioblastomas. However, many IDH-mutant astrocytoma has the potential to progress to grade 4 glioblastomas, leading to a less favorable prognosis.

Public Involvement and Engagement in Big Data Research: Scoping Review.

Background: The success of big data initiatives depends on public support. Public involvement and engagement could be a way of establishing public support for big data research.

Objective: This review aims to synthesize the evidence on public involvement and engagement in big data research.

Evaluation of Public Involvement in Doctoral Research Using a Four-Dimensional Theoretical Framework.

Background: Working together and co-production with public advisors have become popular among health researchers. This practice extends to doctoral researchers who involve public advisors at different stages of their research or throughout their doctoral journey.

Objective: A doctoral researcher and two public advisors jointly evaluated public involvement in doctoral research.

Biological fermentation pilot-scale systems and evaluation for commercial viability towards sustainable biohydrogen production.

Featuring high caloric value, clean-burning, and renewability, hydrogen is a fuel believed to be able to change energy structure worldwide. Biohydrogen production technologies effectively utilize waste biomass resources and produce high-purity hydrogen. Improvements have been made in the biohydrogen production process in recent years.

COVID-19 Predictors of Morbidity and Mortality.

Background and objectives There are multiple factors and comorbid conditions that can impact the outcomes of COVID-19. This study aimed to assess how patients with certain comorbidities and risk factors were affected by COVID-19. Methodology This retrospective study involved 578 inpatients who presented to the emergency room (ER) due to COVID-19 infection, diagnosed with COVID-19 between 2020 and 2021.

Health state utility values ranges across varying stages and severity of type 2 diabetes-related complications: A systematic review.

Introduction: Health state utility values (HSUV) for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complications are useful in economic evaluations to determine cost effectiveness of an intervention. However, there is a lack of reference ranges for different severity and stages of individual complications. This study aimed to provide an overview of HSUV decrement ranges for common T2DM complications focusing on different severity and stages of complications.

An analysis of the stability and bifurcation of a discrete-time predator-prey model with the slow-fast effect on the predator.

In many environments, predators have significantly longer lives and meet several generations of prey, or the prey population reproduces rapidly. The slow-fast effect can best describe such predator-prey interactions. The slow-fast effect ε can be considered as the ratio between the predator's linear death rate and the prey's linear growth rate.

Engineering Mn-Doped CdS Thin Films Through Chemical Bath Deposition for High-Performance Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.

Doping conventional materials with a second element is an exciting strategy for enhancing catalytic performance via electronic structure modifications. Herein, Mn-doped CdS thin films were successfully synthesized with the aid of the chemical bath deposition (CBD) by varying the pH value (8, 10, and 12) and the surfactant amount (20, 40, 60 mg). Different morphologies like nano-cubes, nanoflakes, nano-worms, and nanosheets were obtained under different deposition conditions.

Intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion requirement among liver transplant recipients: A national single-center experience 2020.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is a complicated surgical procedure with high risk for massive intraoperative blood loss due to pre-existing coagulopathy, portosystemic shunts with collateral circulations, and splenomegaly. The transfusion service will direct most of their resources toward LT programs with great impact on cost. The purpose of this study was to evaluate single center transfusion strategies and to identify the risk factors associated with the intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion.

Two-dimensional simulations of Rayleigh-Taylor instability in elastic-plastic media.

Two-dimensional numerical simulations for the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in an elastic-plastic medium are presented. Recent predictions of the theory regarding the asymmetric growth of peaks and valleys during the linear phase of the instability evolution are confirmed. Extension to the nonlinear regime reveals singular features, such as the long delay in achieving the nonlinear saturation and an intermediate phase with growth rate larger than the classical one.

Human-derived air-liquid interface cultures decipher Alzheimer's disease-SARS-CoV-2 crosstalk in the olfactory mucosa.

Background: The neurological effects of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) raise concerns about potential long-term consequences, such as an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroinflammation and other AD-associated pathologies are also suggested to increase the risk of serious SARS-CoV-2 infection. Anosmia is a common neurological symptom reported in COVID-19 and in early AD.

Evaluation of image quality and radiation dose in computed tomography urography following tube voltage optimisation.

Introduction: Computed tomography urography (CTU) comprehensively evaluates the urinary tract. However, the procedure is associated with a high radiation dose due to multiple scan series and therefore requires optimisation. The study performed CTU protocol optimisation based on a reduction in tube voltage (kV) using quality assurance (QA) phantom and clinical images and evaluated image quality and radiation dose.

The Fabrication of Halogen-Doped FeWO Heterostructure Anchored over Graphene Oxide Nanosheets for the Sunlight-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye.

Rapid industrialization and urbanization are the two significant issues causing environmental pollution. The polluted water from various industries contains refractory organic materials such as dyes. Heterogeneous photocatalysis using semiconductor metal oxides is an effective remediation technique for wastewater treatment.

Academy for Quality and Safety Improvement (AQSI) project to improve diagnosis and documentation of malnutrition in a community hospital.

Background: Malnutrition is a significant public health problem that affects many patients in inpatient settings. Timely identification and addressing malnutrition in an inpatient setting presents an opportunity to improve patient care and reduce costs. There is a clear link between malnutrition, increased length of hospital stay, higher risk of readmissions and infections, skin breakdown, and higher hospital costs due to complications.

Exploring how to improve the involvement of Polish and South Asian communities around big data research. A qualitative study using COM-B model.

Introduction: Involving public contributors helps researchers to ensure that public views are taken into consideration when designing and planning research, so that it is person-centred and relevant to the public. This paper will consider public involvement in big data research. Inclusion of different communities is needed to ensure everyone's voice is heard.

NiCoO nano-needles as an efficient electro-catalyst for simultaneous water splitting and dye degradation.

Developing an efficient and non-precious bifunctional catalyst capable of performing water splitting and organic effluent degradation in wastewater is a great challenge. This article reports an efficient bifunctional nanocatalyst based on NiCoO, synthesized using a simple one-pot co-precipitation method. We optimized the synthesis conditions by varying the synthesis pH and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentrations.