Nonenzymatic glycosylation of isolated human immunoglobulin-G by D-ribose.

Glycation is vital in terms of its damaging effect on macromolecules resulting in the formation of end products, which are highly reactive and cross-linked irreversible structures, known as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The continuous accumulation of AGEs is associated with severe diabetes and its associated ailments. Saccharides with their reducing ends can glycate amino acid side chains of proteins, among them glucose is well-known for its potent glycating capability.

Glyoxal induced glycative insult suffered by immunoglobulin G and fibrinogen proteins: A comparative physicochemical characterization to reveal structural perturbations.

Glycation of proteins results in structural alteration, functional deprivation, and generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated during in vivo autoxidation of glucose induces glycoxidation of intermediate glycation-adducts, which in turn give rise to aldehyde and/or ketone groups containing dicarbonyls or reactive carbonyl species (RCS). RCS further reacts non-enzymatically and starts the glycation-oxidation vicious cycle, thus exacerbating oxidative, carbonyl, and glycative stress in the physiological system.

The Property Characterization of α-Sialon/Ni Composites Synthesized by Spark Plasma Sintering.

This study investigates the effect of micron-sized nickel particle additions on the microstructural, thermal, and mechanical property changes of α-sialon ceramic composites. The α-sialon/Ni composites were synthesized with an increasing amount of Ni (10-40 wt.%) using the spark plasma sintering technique and nanosized alpha precursors at a relatively low synthesis temperature of 1500 °C with a holding time of 30 min in each case.

Nanoparticle Enhanced Eutectic Reaction during Diffusion Brazing of Aluminium to Magnesium.

Diffusion brazing has gained much popularity as a technique capable of joining dissimilar lightweight metal alloys and has the potential for a wide range of applications in aerospace and transportation industries, where microstructural changes that will determine the mechanical and chemical properties of the final joint must be controlled. This study explores the effect of Al₂O₃ nanoparticles on the mechanical and microstructural properties of diffusion brazed magnesium (AZ31) and aluminium (Al-1100) joints. The results showed that the addition of Al₂O₃ nanoparticle to the electrodeposited Cu coating increased the volume of eutectic liquid formed at the interface which caused a change to the bonding mechanism and accelerated the bonding process.

Development of wear resistant nanostructured duplex coatings by high velocity oxy-fuel process for use in oil sands industry.

Oil sands deposits in Northern Alberta, Canada represent a wealth of resources attracting huge capital investment and significant research focus in recent years. As of 2005, crude oil production from the current oil sands operators accounted for 50% of Canada's domestic production. Alberta's oil sands deposits contain approximately 1.