Deciphering intricate plant-virus interactions: Potyvirids orchestrate protein posttranslational modifications to regulate pathogenicity.

In a molecular-arm-race between viruses and their hosts, viruses have evolved to harness their host's post-translational modifications (PTMs) machinery to gain a competitive edge. These modifications are the most reliable target of plant viruses to overcome the host defence for successful infection. Relatively fewer PTMs i.

A novel multifunctional chiral metasurface with asymmetric transmission.

The multiband, multifunctional chiral metasurface with asymmetric transmission exhibits significant potential for diverse applications in modern communication systems, ranging from enhanced signal modulation and polarization control to advanced beam steering and compact antenna design. This research presents a versatile and advanced chiral metasurface operating at multiple bands with diverse functionalities, including asymmetric transmission. The proposed metasurface effectively transforms an incoming Linearly Polarized (LP) wave into a Circularly Polarized (CP) wave.

A high-performance sub-THz planar antenna array for THz sensing and imaging applications.

Terahertz (THz) spectral region from 0.1 to 3 THz is envisaged to hold immense potential in the next generation of wireless technologies. Recently, research has focused on this terahertz gap, because of its unprecedented channel capacities.

Chitosan nanoparticles loaded with extract regulate retrieval of sensory and motor functions in mice.

In this study, chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) encapsulating (FV) seed extract (SE) were prepared for the controlled delivery of bioactive phytoconstituents. The prepared CSNPs encapsulating FVSE as sustain-releasing nanoconjugate (CSNPs-FVSE) was used as a potent source of functional metabolites including kaempferol and quercetin for accelerated reclamation of sensory and motor functions following peripheral nerve injury (PNI). The nanoconjugate exhibited a biphasic diffusion-controlled sustained release of quercetin and kaempferol ensuring prolonged therapeutic effects.

Insights into the genetic variability and evolutionary dynamics of tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus in China.

Background: Viral diseases are posing threat to annual production and quality of tobacco in China. Recently, tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) has been reported to infect three major crops including tobacco. Current study was aimed to investigate the population dynamics and molecular diversity of the TSWV.

Chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin counteract salt-mediated ionic toxicity in wheat seedlings: an ecofriendly and sustainable approach.

Over-accumulating salts in soil are hazardous materials that interfere with the biochemical pathways in growing plants drastically affecting their physiological attributes, growth, and productivity. Soil salinization poses severe threats to highly-demanded and important crops directly challenging food security and sustainable productivity. Recently, there has been a great demand to exploit natural sources for the development of nontoxic nanoformulations of growth enhancers and stress emulators.

A conformal beam splitter with polarization transformation operation.

A multifunctional beam splitting frequency selective surface (FSS) is modeled, analyzed, and tested in transmission and reflection modes. The proposed FSS comprises a C-shaped split-ring resonator designed and fabricated on an ultrathin, flexible polyimide material. When a linearly polarized incident wave interacts with the unit cell of the proposed FSS, half of the wave is reflected, and the other half is transmitted at two frequency bands from 5.

Design and optimization of a transparent and flexible MIMO antenna for compact IoT and 5G applications.

This work presents an optically transparent and flexible MIMO antenna that features two square patch elements placed in close proximity, aiming to meet the demands of compactness, flexibility, optical transparency, and visual appeal for IoT applications and future 5G wireless communication. The design includes a simple offset fed configuration to achieve the required isolation and impedance matching. It simplifies the process of creating closely spaced transparent MIMO antenna configurations.

Dual-sense slot-based CP MIMO antenna with polarization bandwidth reconfigurability.

In this letter, a compact, planar circularly polarized (CP) sub-GHz slot-based multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with dual sense CP along with polarization bandwidth reconfigurability is presented. The pentagonal reactively loaded slot is fed by two folded tapered feedlines to achieve CP. The antenna offers left-hand-circular polarization (RHCP) with the as well as right hand circular polarization (LHCP).

Two-step method for rapid isolation of genomic DNA and validation of R81T insecticide resistance mutation in .

Isolation and amplification of nucleic acid (DNA) is considered a vital and potent instrument in molecular biological research. However, its functioning outside of a laboratory setting is difficult because of complex procedures that demand expert personnel and expensive equipment in addition to the fulfillment of several additional requirements. DNA isolation from minute insects is sometimes difficult, making diagnostic and genotyping procedures problematic.

Assessment of Genetic Variability and Evolutionary Relationships of Inherent in Legume Crops.

is one of the most common soil-borne fungal pathogens of legume crops worldwide. We collected rDNA-ITS sequences from NCBI GenBank, and the aim of this study was to examine the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of various anastomosis groups (AGs) that are commonly associated with grain legumes (such as soybean, common bean, pea, peanut, cowpea, and chickpea) and forage legumes (including alfalfa and clover). Soybean is recognized as a host for multiple AGs, with AG-1 and AG-2 being extensively investigated.

A sub 1 GHz ultra miniaturized folded dipole patch antenna for biomedical applications.

A miniaturized folded dipole patch antenna (FDPA) design for biomedical applications operating at sub 1 GHz (434 MHz) band is presented. Antenna is fabricated on FR-4 substrate material having dimensions of 16.40 mm [Formula: see text] 8.

Assessment of essential and toxic elemental concentrations in tumor and non-tumor tissues with risk of colorectal carcinoma in Pakistan.

Background: Colorectal tumor is a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality both in USA and around the globe. Exposure to environmental toxicants such as toxic trace elements has been implicated in colorectal malignancy. However, data linking them to this cancer are generally lacking.

Nanosuspension of Foeniculum Vulgare Promotes Accelerated Sensory and Motor Function Recovery after Sciatic Nerve Injury.

The seed extract of (FV) was used for the preparation of a nanosuspension (NS) with an enhanced bioavailability of phytoconstituents. Subsequently, it was employed as a potent source of polyphenols, such as quercetin and kaempferol, to accelerate the regeneration and recovery of motor and sensory function in injured nerves. The NS was administered through daily gauging as NS1 (0.

A single-layer, wideband and angularly stable metasurface based polarization converter for linear-to-linear cross-polarization conversion.

In this article, a single-layer metasurface based reflector design is proposed for linear-to-linear cross-polarization conversion in microwave frequency range. The unit-cell of the proposed design consists of triple-arrow resonant design printed on a grounded FR4 substrate. Excellent cross-conversion is achieved over a broad frequency range (8.

Global genetic diversity and evolutionary patterns among populations.

Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) is a widespread and one of the most damaging viral pathogens causing significant quantitative and qualitative losses in potato worldwide. The current knowledge of the geographical distribution, standing genetic diversity and the evolutionary patterns existing among global PLRV populations is limited. Here, we employed several bioinformatics tools and comprehensively analyzed the diversity, genomic variability, and the dynamics of key evolutionary factors governing the global spread of this viral pathogen.

Metabolites of Activate Physio-Biochemical Pathways for an Accelerated Functional Recovery after Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury in Mice.

In this study, the functional metabolites of () were screened to evaluate their possible role in accelerated functional retrieval after peripheral nerve injury (PNI). leaves were used for extract preparation using solvents of different polarities. Each dry extract was uniformly mixed in rodents' chow and supplemented daily at a dose rate of 2 g/kg body weight from the day of nerve crush until the completion of the trial.

Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Grafted with Copolymer of Polyaniline and Polypyrrole Biocomposite for Adsorption of Dyes.

The emerging concepts of sustainable textiles and controlled production strategy demands ideally zero emissions of contaminants into the aquatic environment. However, the currently in-practiced conventional processes in textiles dispose of a number of contaminants especially super toxic synthetic dyes as effluents. In recent years, nanomaterials have become attractive choice for eco-friendly removal of organic dyestuff.

Cotton leaf curl Multan virus differentially regulates innate antiviral immunity of whitefly () vector to promote cryptic species-dependent virus acquisition.

Begomoviruses represent the largest group of economically important, highly pathogenic, DNA plant viruses that contribute a substantial amount of global crop disease burden. The exclusive transmission of begomoviruses by whiteflies () requires them to interact and efficiently manipulate host responses at physiological, biological and molecular scales. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying complex begomovirus-whitefly interactions that consequently substantiate efficient virus transmission largely remain unknown.

Anti-reflecting metasurface for broadband polarization independent absorption at Ku band frequencies.

An impedance matched metasurface can efficiently channel the electromagnetic fields for maximum power transfer. The thin film based impedance matching techniques often utilize highly dissipative materials and destructive interference of reflection components from multiple subwavelength layers. Here, we propose a novel method to achieve anti reflection characteristics through destructive interference of antiparallel electromagnetic scattering emerging from chiral metasurface.

Nanopriming-mediated memory imprints reduce salt toxicity in wheat seedlings by modulating physiobiochemical attributes.

Background: Around the globe, salinity is one of the serious environmental stresses which negatively affect rapid seed germination, uniform seedling establishment and plant developments restricting sustainable agricultural productivity. In recent years, the concepts of sustainable agriculture and cleaner production strategy have emphasized the introduction of greener agrochemicals using biocompatible and natural sources to maximize crop yield with minimum ecotoxicological effects. Over the last decade, the emergence of nanotechnology as a forefront of interdisciplinary science has introduced nanomaterials as fast-acting plant growth-promoting agents.

Alkanna tinctoria-based sustainable alkanin natural colorant for eco-dyeing of wool.

The awareness of sustainability and widespread utilization of green technologies in textile dye houses are revolutionizing not only textile industries but related fields. The current study is concerned with ultrasonic (US)-assisted utilization of extracts of Alkanna tinctoria (a source of natural alkanin dye) for wool dyeing. The extracts are obtained in various media, and both extracts and wool fabrics have been  US treated for 15-60 min.