Comparing the Effects of Low Dose of Ketamine, Tramadol, and Ondansetron in Prevention of Post Spinal Anesthesia Shivering in Cesarean Section.

Background: Shivering frequently occurs in cesarean section (CS) under spinal anesthesia (SA), resulting in several complications. To date, pethidine has been considered as the gold standard for post-SA shivering control, but it is contraindicated in breastfeeding women.

Methods: This randomized, double-blind study was conducted at Alzahra hospital in Guilan, Iran, From January 2019 to November 2020.

Laparoscopic transperitoneal ureterolithotomy: a single-center experience.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate success and complications of laparoscopic transperitoneal ureterolithotomy at our center.

Patients And Methods: From November 2008 until September 2011, 33 patients, including 22 men and 11 women, with a mean age of 45.3 years (range, 19-67 years), underwent laparoscopic ureterolithotomy at our center.