Anticoagulant use before COVID-19 diagnosis prevent COVID-19 associated acute venous thromboembolism or not: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Coagulopathy and thromboembolic events are associated with poor outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. There is conflicting evidence on the effects of chronic anticoagulation on mortality and severity of COVID-19 disease.

Aim: To summarize the body of evidence on the effects of pre-hospital anticoagulation on outcomes in COVID-19 patients.

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Due to Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma in the Stomach and Duodenum.

There are very few reports of bloodborne metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma to the gastrointestinal tract, primarily due to poor prognosis and short survival rate of metastasized carcinoma. We present a case of a 79-year-old man with a medical history of lung adenocarcinoma, who presented with complaints of weakness and melena for 1 week. He had symptomatic anemia, for which he was transfused with blood.

Outcomes of concomitant aortic valve procedures and left ventricular assist device implantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is frequently employed in patients with end-stage heart failure. The outcomes of addressing the repair of all substantial aortic valvular disease at the time of LVAD implantation remain unclear. We sought to assess the clinical outcomes in patients undergoing LVAD implantation concomitant with aortic valve procedures (AVPs) compared with isolated LVAD implantation.

Association between sex and Huntington's disease: an updated review on symptomatology and prognosis of neurodegenerative disorders.

Huntington's disease is a rare autosomal dominant disorder presenting with chorea, rigidity, hypo-/akinesia, cognitive decline, and psychiatric disturbances. Numerous risk factors have been defined in the onset of this disease. However, the number of CAG repeats in the genes are the most crucial factor rendering patients susceptible to the disease.

Efficacy of Remimazolam for Procedural Sedation in American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I to IV Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Remimazolam is made by combining midazolam and remifentanil as an alternative to conventional sedatives. To evaluate the efficacy of remimazolam for sedation in patients undergoing colonoscopy, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing remimazolam and midazolam. A search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrial.

Efficacy and Safety of Dotinurad in Hyperuricemic Patients With or Without Gout: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction A systematic review and meta-analysis of the available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of dotinurad in hyperuricemic patients with or without gout. Dotinurad is a novel selective urate reabsorption inhibitor (SURI) that increases uric acid excretion by selectively inhibiting urate transporter 1 (URAT1). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis conducted to gauge the efficacy and safety of dotinurad.

The COVID-19 Sequelae: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Post-recovery Symptoms and the Need for Rehabilitation of COVID-19 Survivors.

Background  As of January 19, 2021, around two million fatalities and 68 million recoveries from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported around the globe. The past pandemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) hint toward a risk of occurrence of "Long-COVID" syndrome, i.e.

Effects of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on lifestyle and mental health of students: A retrospective study from Karachi, Pakistan.

Introduction: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries imposed lockdowns on their citizens in an attempt to contain the disease. Pakistan is one of these countries. A government mandated lockdown can have mitigating psychological effects on young adults, out of which a large fraction is made up of students.

Global Interest in Telehealth During COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Google Trends™.

Background Since the outbreak, healthcare systems across the globe are overcrowded with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients. To sustain the response towards the pandemic, many hospitals have adapted to virtual healthcare and telemedicine. Google™ has become the most widely used search engine over the years.

A Rare Case of Malignant Infantile Osteopetrosis Presenting as Frontal Lobe Hemorrhage.

Osteopetrosis comprises a group of rare inherited disorders of the bones characterized by a common radiographic finding of increased bone thickness. The disorders vary genetically as well as clinically, and range in severity from mild manifestations to fatal complications based on the type of the disorder. Malignant infantile osteopetrosis (MIOP) is a less common, more severe form of the disease with most affected individuals surviving up to only the first few years of life if left untreated.

Epidemiological and Clinical Features of SARS-CoV-2: A Retrospective Study from East Karachi, Pakistan.

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread to almost every country on the globe, and each country is reporting the symptomatic presentation of their patients to give better insight into the various clinical presentations of SARS-CoV-2. However, the epidemiological literature from Pakistan is scanty. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 412 patients who were residents of East Karachi and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between February 26 to April 24, 2020.

Availability of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Among US and Pakistani Doctors in COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has put an excessive strain on healthcare systems across the globe, causing a shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE is a precious commodity for health personnel to protect them against infections. We investigated the availability of PPE among doctors in the United States (US) and Pakistan.

Cardiac Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Comprehensive Review.

Since its origin in China, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has become a pandemic and spread to 209 countries. As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a very rapidly emerging disease, organ-specific studies related to it have been reported. Apart from respiratory findings, some studies have highlighted inflammatory consequences in the heart, kidney, and/or liver as well.

Biotinidase Deficiency With Suspected Sotos Syndrome: A Rare Entity.

Biotinidase deficiency (BTD) is a rare yet treatable metabolic autosomal recessive (AR) disorder in which the body is unable to recycle the vitamin biotin. Early diagnosis and treatment can be life-saving, but some symptoms of the disease are irreversible, and the condition can even prove to be fatal if not correctly diagnosed and managed. Here we present a case of a six-month-old child who presented with cough, fever, and difficulty in breathing.

Ivabradine in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: A Review of the Literature.

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is an autonomic disorder characterized by symptoms such as palpitations, dyspnea, chest discomfort, and lightheadedness affecting various systems. The pathophysiology of POTS is not completely understood due to a variety of symptoms showing that the disease is multifactorial. There is no approved uniform management strategy for POTS and hence, no drug has been approved by the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for it.

Protein C Deficiency as a Risk Factor for Stroke in Young Adults: A Review.

Protein C (PC) is a 62-kD vitamin K dependent glycoprotein produced by the liver as a zymogen and is activated by binding to the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex, with protein S (PS) acting as a cofactor. Among its various functions, PC acts as a naturally occurring anticoagulant and its deficiency, either homozygous or heterozygous, predisposes the individual to a state of thrombosis, particularly venous thromboembolism, and mainfests as myocardial infarction (MI), deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or stroke. This review discusses the pathophysiology of the anticoagulatory effect of PC, mode of inheritance of its deficiency, the arterial and venous involvement in patients with stroke, and its risk factors.

Anti-tuberculous Effects of Statin Therapy: A Review of Literature.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infection caused by (M. TB). It is transmitted through respiratory droplets.

Neonatal Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia: A Rare Case from Pakistan.

Nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a defect in glycine cleavage enzyme. It leads to the accumulation of glycine in the body tissues, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Most NKH cases are diagnosed during the natal period of life and are fatal if not promptly diagnosed and managed.

Chronic Non-cirrhotic Portal Vein Thrombosis with Cavernous Transformation Secondary to Protein C and S Deficiency.

Hereditary thrombophilia (HT), including the mutation of factor V gene and the deficiency of proteins C, protein S, or antithrombin, is a risk factor for portal vein thrombosis (PVT). PVT in acute cases is usually asymptomatic, whereas chronic cases mostly present as variceal bleeding and splenomegaly. However, cavernous transformation of the portal vein secondary to a long-standing PVT is very rare.