The Electroretinogram I-Wave, a Component Originating in the Retinal OFF-Pathway, Associates With a Myopia Genetic Risk Polymorphism.

Purpose: One of the strongest genetic associations with myopia is near the GJD2 gene. Recently, this locus was associated with cone-driven electroretinograms (ERGs), with findings highlighting OFF pathway signals specifically. The ERG i-wave is thought to originate in retinal OFF pathways.

Establishing the Foundations of Emotional Intelligence in Care Companion Robots to Mitigate Agitation Among High-Risk Patients With Dementia: Protocol for an Empathetic Patient-Robot Interaction Study.

Background: An estimated 6.7 million persons are living with dementia in the United States, a number expected to double by 2060. Persons experiencing moderate to severe dementia are 4 to 5 times more likely to fall than those without dementia, due to agitation and unsteady gait.

Cone-driven strong flash electroretinograms in healthy adults: Prevalence of negative waveforms.

Purpose: Both rod and cone-driven signals contribute to the electroretinogram (ERG) elicited by a standard strong flash in the dark. Negative ERGs usually reflect inner retinal dysfunction. However, in diseases where rod photoreceptor function is selectively lost, a negative waveform might represent the response of the dark-adapted cone system.

Electrical responses from human retinal cone pathways associate with a common genetic polymorphism implicated in myopia.

Myopia is the commonest visual impairment. Several genetic loci confer risk, but mechanisms by which they do this are unknown. Retinal signals drive eye growth, and myopia usually results from an excessively long eye.

Prevalence of electronegative electroretinograms in a healthy adult cohort.

Objective: An electronegative electroretinogram (ERG) can indicate important ocular or systemic disease. This study explored the prevalence of electronegative responses to dark-adapted stimuli in a largely healthy cohort.

Methods And Analysis: 211 participants recruited from the TwinsUK cohort underwent ERG testing incorporating international standard (International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV)) protocols and additional stimuli.

Relative Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Variations in Human Retinal Electrical Responses Quantified in a Twin Study.

Purpose: To estimate heritability of parameters of human retinal electrophysiology and to explore which parameters change with age.

Design: Prospective, classic twin study.

Participants: Adult monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs recruited from the TwinsUK cohort.