Magnetic resonance imaging datasets with anatomical fiducials for quality control and registration.

Tools available for reproducible, quantitative assessment of brain correspondence have been limited. We previously validated the anatomical fiducial (AFID) placement protocol for point-based assessment of image registration with millimetric (mm) accuracy. In this data descriptor, we release curated AFID placements for some of the most commonly used structural magnetic resonance imaging datasets and templates.

Evaluation of GALAD Score in Diagnosis and Follow-up of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Local Ablative Therapy.

Background And Aims: Strategies for detection of early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still limited. The GALAD score is a serum biomarker-based model designed to predict the probability of having HCC. We aimed to assess the ability of GALAD score to diagnose early HCC and its validity to follow patients after local ablation therapy.

Pedestrian flow characteristics through different angled bends: Exploring the spatial variation of velocity.

Common geometrical layouts could potentially be bottlenecks, particularly during emergency and high density situations. When pedestrians are interacting with such complex geometrical settings, the congestion effect might not be uniform over the bottleneck area. This study uses the trajectory data collected through a controlled laboratory experiment to explore the spatial variation of speeds when a group of people navigates through bends.

Effect of saccharides on secondary compounds production from stem derived callus of .

is a subshrub plant known for its toxicity which results from the presence of the tropane alkaloid scopolamine and hyoscyamine. Saccharides are one of the most important elicitors that can alter physiological and biochemical responses in plants. This study targeted to increase the production of secondary metabolites in avoiding genetic alteration and processes using different nontoxic and biodegradable compounds, utilizing calli induced from stems to observe the effects of mannitol and sorbitol on the production of the two major secondary metabolites, scopolamine and hyoscyamine.

Application of the anatomical fiducials framework to a clinical dataset of patients with Parkinson's disease.

Establishing spatial correspondence between subject and template images is necessary in neuroimaging research and clinical applications such as brain mapping and stereotactic neurosurgery. Our anatomical fiducial (AFID) framework has recently been validated to serve as a quantitative measure of image registration based on salient anatomical features. In this study, we sought to apply the AFIDs protocol to the clinic, focusing on structural magnetic resonance images obtained from patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Deep Brain Stimulation of the Habenula: Systematic Review of the Literature and Clinical Trial Registries.

The habenula is a small bilateral epithalamic structure that plays a key role in the regulation of the main monoaminergic systems. It is implicated in many aspects of behavior such as reward processing, motivational behavior, behavioral adaptation, and sensory integration. A role of the habenula has been indicated in the pathophysiology of a number of neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, addiction, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and bipolar disorder.

A literature review of magnetic resonance imaging sequence advancements in visualizing functional neurosurgery targets.

Objective: Historically, preoperative planning for functional neurosurgery has depended on the indirect localization of target brain structures using visible anatomical landmarks. However, recent technological advances in neuroimaging have permitted marked improvements in MRI-based direct target visualization, allowing for refinement of "first-pass" targeting. The authors reviewed studies relating to direct MRI visualization of the most common functional neurosurgery targets (subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, and thalamus) and summarize sequence specifications for the various approaches described in this literature.

A multivariate data analysis approach for investigating daily statistics of countries affected with COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: To understand the impact and volume of coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis, univariate analysis is tedious for describing the datasets reported daily. However, to capture the full picture and be able to compare situations and consequences for different countries, multivariate analytical models are suggested in order to visualize and compare the situation of different countries more accurately and precisely.

Aims: We aimed to utilize data analysis tools that display the relative positions of data points in fewer dimensions while keeping the variation of the original data set as much as possible, and cluster countries according to their scores on the formed dimensions.

Prepyloric gastric inflammatory fibroid polyp presenting as chronic epigastric discomfort in a 5th decade aged female: A case report.

Introduction: Inflammatory fibroid polyps is a rare entity that mostly occur in the stomach. Gastric type is usually asymptomatic or may show nonspecific symptoms. Diagnosis is mainly postoperative with limited roles of usual diagnostic techniques.

Complicated Gastric Duplication Cyst in an Adult Patient: Uncommon presentation of an uncommon disease.

Gastric duplication cyst is a very rare congenital anomaly accounting up to 4% of all gastrointestinal tract duplications. It is a quite rare anomaly in adults, the majority of the cases are diagnosed in the neonatal period. Gastric duplication cysts are usually asymptomatic or they do present with non-specific symptoms.

How to treat intestinal obstruction due to malignant recurrence after Whipple's resection for pancreatic head cancer: Description of 2 new endoscopic techniques.

The prognosis of pancreatic cancer remains poor, even after initial surgical therapy. Local recurrence after Whipple's pancreatico-duodenectomy may lead to intestinal obstruction at the level of the afferent limb or the alimentary limb. Endoscopic insertion of a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) into the intestinal malignant stricture is the preferred method of choice for palliation.

Therapeutic enteroscopy using a new single-balloon enteroscope: a case series.

Background And Study Aims: Balloon-assisted enteroscopy allows therapeutic intervention in the small bowel, and even of the biliopancreatic system in patients with altered anatomy. However, the conventional single-balloon enteroscope (SBE) has limited therapeutic use because of its small-caliber working channel and the lack of an additional water jet channel. The new single-balloon enteroscope prototype XSIF-180JY has been developed to overcome these problems.

Possible carcinogenic potential of dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate in experimental animals.

Dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate (DDB) has been extensively used in the treatment of liver diseases accounting for 1-6% of the global disease burden. Cell replication, DNA synthesis, and proliferation, providing significant information about behavior of cells were examined in mice exposed to subchronic administration with DDB. Conventional liver functions specifically gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT), a marker expressing liver canceration was also investigated.

Acute pancreatitis caused by intragastric balloon: A case report.

Obesity represents a global hazard that predisposes to many serious health problems. Various solutions have been proposed to overcome obesity ranging from dietary balance to bariatric surgery. Intragastric balloons are a widely used measure to decrease weight, although they are advocated as safe devices, some major complications have been reported.

One for the road! A study to assess the efficacy of single low-dose regimen of rasburicase in controlling hyperuricaemia in patients with tumour lysis syndrome due to haematological malignancies.

We conducted a retrospective audit of six patients with various haematological malignancies (two acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, one acute myeloid leukaemia, and three non-Hodgkin lymphoma); these patients were eligible to receive rasburicase, being at high risk of development of tumour lysis syndrome (TLS). They received a fixed single low-dose regimen of rasburicase (7.5 mg) mainly due to financial restriction, as patients were not supported by the National Health Service and did not have health insurance.

Insulin resistance: a major factor associated with significant liver fibrosis in Egyptian patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C.

Background And Aims: The role of insulin resistance (IR) in chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 (CHC-4) patients is still under assessment. The aims of this study are to assess the prevalence and predictors of IR and its influence along with clinical, metabolic, virological, and histological factors on the severity of liver fibrosis in 100 Egyptian patients with CHC-4.

Patients And Methods: In 100 untreated patients with CHC-4, IR was assessed using the Homeostasis Model Assessment and defined greater than 3.

Attitudes of Cairo University medical students toward smoking: the need for tobacco control programs in medical education.

Background: Tobacco smoking rates are increasing in developing countries and so are tobacco-related chronic diseases. Reported figures from the WHO show rates of smoking in Egypt as high as 20% but limited information is available about smoking specifically among physicians and medical students.

Materials And Methods: Final-year medical students of Cairo University were surveyed regarding their tobacco behavior and attitudes using a modified Global Health Professions Student Survey.

Efficacy and safety of a novel pegylated interferon alpha-2a in Egyptian patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 4 is a common infection in Egypt and is the leading cause of liver disease.

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of a novel 20 kD pegylated interferon alpha-2a derived from Hansenula polymorpha in combination with ribavirin for the treatment of Egyptian patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C (CHC).

Methods: One hundred seven patients with genotype 4 CHC were involved in the present study.

Efficacy of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma with schistosomisis.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a well known therapeutic modality in the curative treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this work was to assess the efficacy of percutaneous RFA in patients with tumors < or = 3.5 cm regarding the ability to achieve full tumor necrosis and local recurrence in patients with previous schistosomal infection.

Efficacy and safety of intraoperative radiofrequency ablation in management of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The present study is a prospective one involving 15 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from January 2003 to December 2005. Clinical and laboratory examinations, abdominal ultrasonography & spiral CT scanning were performed. All patients were subjected to intraoperative radiofrequency ablation of HCC after confirmation by core biopsy.