Evaluation of the Sensititre YeastOne and Etest in Comparison with CLSI M38-A2 for Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Three Azoles, Amphotericin B, Caspofungin, and Anidulafungin, against and Other Species, Using New Clinical Breakpoints and Epidemiological Cutoff Values.

Aspergillosis is an invasive fungal disease associated with high mortality. Antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) is receiving increasing consideration for managing patients, as well as for surveilling emerging drug resistance, despite having time-consuming and technically complex reference methodologies. The Sensititre YeastOne (SYO) and Etest methods are widely utilized for yeasts but have not been extensively evaluated for Aspergillus isolates.

Airborne transmission of invasive fusariosis in patients with hematologic malignancies.

From 2006 to 2013, an increasing incidence of fusariosis was observed in the hematologic patients of our University Hospital. We suspected of an environmental source, and the indoor hospital air was investigated as a potential source of the fungemia. Air samplings were performed in the hematology and bone marrow transplant (BMT) wards using an air sampler with pre-defined air volumes.

Evaluation of antifungal combination against Cryptococcus spp.

The second cause of death among systemic mycoses, cryptococcosis treatment represents a challenge since that 5-flucytosine is not currently available in Brazil. Looking for alternatives, this study evaluated antifungal agents, alone and combined, correlating susceptibility to genotypes. Eighty Cryptococcus clinical isolates were genotyped by URA5 gene restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Effect of serum components on biofilm formation by Aspergillus fumigatus and other Aspergillus species.

Biofilm production by microorganisms is critical for their pathogenicity. Serum promotes biofilm production by Aspergillus fumigatus; however, its effects on other Aspergillus spp. have not been reported.

Antifungal susceptibility of Aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolates collected from various areas in Japan.

Azole resistance among clinical isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus is becoming a serious problem in Europe, but the status in Japan is not yet known in detail. The aim of this study was to determine the present status of azole resistance in A. fumigatus in Japan.

Development of cycling probe-based real-time PCR system to detect Fusarium species and Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC).

In the present study, we developed a new real-time PCR system based on the cycling probe technology (CPT), which is composed of two single tube real-time PCR assays: the Fusarium genus-specific assay and the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC)-specific assay with primers targeting the 28s ribosomal RNA gene. The Fusarium genus-specific assay was shown to be highly specific, detecting all reference Fusarium strains with no cross-reaction with other reference fungal strains, such as Aspergillus spp. and human DNA.

Ecological surveys of the Cryptococcus species complex in China.

Background: Despite recent reports on the molecular epidemiology of cryptococcal infections in China, clinical isolates have been mostly reported from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients, and environmental isolates from China have rarely been included. The aim of this study was to investigate the ecological profile of Cryptococcus (C.) neoformans and C.

Fetuin A, a serum component, promotes growth and biofilm formation by Aspergillus fumigatus.

Aspergillus fumigatus is an all-important pathogenic fungus and is known for its angiotropism. When it invades human organs, A. fumigatus makes direct contact with blood and its components by causing inflammation and invading vascular structures.

Antimicrobial effect of medical adhesive composed of aldehyded dextran and ε-Poly(L-Lysine).

Infection of surgical wounds is a severe problem. Conventional tissue reattachment methods have limits of incomplete sealing and high susceptibility to infection. Medical adhesives have several advantages over traditional tissue reattachment techniques, but still have drawbacks, such as the probability of infection, low adhesive strength, and high cytotoxicity.

In vitro antifungal activity of epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate against clinical isolates of dermatophytes.

Previously, we reported that epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (EGCg) has growth-inhibitory effect on clinical isolates of Candida species. In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity of EGCg and antifungal agents against thirty-five of dermatophytes clinically isolated by the international guidelines (M38-A2). All isolates exhibited good susceptibility to EGCg (MIC₅₀, 2-4 μg/mL, MIC₉₀, 4-8 μg/mL, and geometric mean (GM) MICs, 3.

Comparison of genotypes between environmental and clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii based on microsatellite patterns.

We applied multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) method to investigate the genetic relation between Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii clinical and environmental isolates in São Paulo, Brazil. This MLMT method includes three functional gene sequences of C.

Oral candidiasis of HIV-infected children undergoing sequential HIV therapies.

Candida oral flora from 52 Brazilian HIV-infected children was characterized while they received antiviral monotherapy therapy and subsequently, HAART with the use of protease inhibitor. There was a significant increase in non-C. albicans Candida isolates from 9.

[Antifungal activity of the novel adduct, GX-95, of silver with nanometer-scale particles to peptidic hydrolysates from collagen].

Silver has long been known to have an antimicrobial activity against bacteria and other microorganisms, and has been used as eating utensils, as dental fillings and so on. We developed a novel adduct, GX-95, of silver with nanometer-scale particles to peptidic hydrolysates from collagen. Antifungal activity of the adduct against pathogenic yeasts and filamentous fungi was examined in terms of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs).

Evaluation of the inhibitory effect of amphotericin B on the apical growth of F. solani using the BioCell-Tracer system.

The BioCell-Tracer (BCT) system is an automatic microscopic method used for measuring the growth rate of a single fungal hyphae, which has not yet been applied to study Fusarium spp. Considering the large resistance of Fusarium species to the available chemotherapy and that hyphae is the morphological fungal form most often seen in vivo, in this work, Amphotericin B MIC and MFC values for a Fusarium solani strain were obtained by the conventional assay method testing conidia and also by the BCT monitoring system. Both MIC and MFC values of AMB against F.

Antifungal susceptibility of epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (EGCg) on clinical isolates of pathogenic yeasts.

This is the first report to investigate the antifungal susceptibility of 21 clinical isolates of seven Candida species to epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (EGCg) and to compare with six antifungal agents, amphotericin B (AMPH), fluconazole (FLCZ), flucytosin (5FC), itraconazole (ITCZ), micafungin (MCFG), and miconazole (MCZ), using a method following the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) M27-A guidelines. Among the tested species, Candida glabrata exhibited the highest susceptibility to EGCg (MIC50, 0.5-1 microg/ml and MIC90, 1-2 microg/ml) compared favorably with FLCZ, although they were slightly less susceptible than to AMPH, 5FC, MCFG, ITCZ, and MCZ.