Effect of moisture in fire hoods and gloves on residual heat accumulation during repeated rest-work cycles at a fire scene.

Firefighters are exposed to the risk of burns at fire scenes. In 2020, the National Fire Agency of the Republic of Korea surveyed 50,527 firefighters and identified 242 burn-related incidents. The body parts affected by these burns were the hands (28.

Futile recanalization after endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke with large ischemic core.

Background: Endovascular therapy (EVT) is the treatment of choice for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion. However, in many patients, successful EVT recanalization does not correspond to a clinical improvement, called futile recanalization (FR). We aimed to identify stroke risk factors and patient characteristics associated with FR in AIS with large core infarct (LCI).

Surgical Results with Low-Grade Arteriovenous Malformations : A Single Center 14-Year Experience.

Objective: Advancements in AVM surgical techniques for cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) underscore its efficacy. Our research aims to showcase the positive outcomes of treating low-grade AVMs surgically, focusing on safety and effectiveness.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 55 patients (36 males and 19 females; average age 37.

Thermal characteristics of fire extinguishing agents in compartment fire suppression.

Water and foam have different fire-extinguishing mechanisms. Traditional foam and compressed air foam (CAF) have different bubble structures. These differences result in different thermal characteristics, which affect the extinguishing abilities during a fire.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Molecular Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum -Lactamase-Producing Serovar Typhimurium Isolates from Food Animals During 2010-2021 in South Korea.

Extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL)-producing is emerging as a worldwide public health concern. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profiles and molecular characteristics of ESBL-producing serovar Typhimurium ( Typhimurium). We obtained a total of 995 Typhimurium isolates from the feces and carcasses of pigs ( = 678), chickens ( = 202), and cattle ( = 115) during 2010-2021 in Korea.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension presenting with bilateral subdural hematoma: Decision-making and treatment strategies.

Background: The timing and decision to drain subdural hematoma (SDH) in spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) remains a dilemma. We reviewed our experience of bilateral SDH secondary to SIH, focusing on decision making and treatment strategies.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed bilateral SDH secondary to SIH between March 2010 and September 2021.

Intracranial-intracranial bypass strategies for the treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms: anatomical characteristics and surgical intervention.

Objective: The effectiveness of revascularization for complex aneurysms is well-established. This study aimed to describe the technical characteristics and clinical efficacy of intracranial-to-intracranial (IC-IC) bypass for the treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients with aneurysms who underwent a preplanned combination of surgical or endovascular treatment and IC-IC bypass at our institution between January 2006 and September 2023.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of and Isolated from Healthy Dogs and Cats in South Korea.

spp. are typically found in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and animals. However, they have the potential to produce opportunistic infections that can be transmitted to humans or other animals, along with acquired antibiotic resistance.

Microsurgical strategies for small unruptured dorsal internal carotid artery aneurysms.

Objective: This study aimed to develop microsurgical strategies based on the anatomical relationship between dorsal internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms, the falciform ligament (FL), and the anterior clinoid process (ACP).

Methods: Between 2017 and 2022, 25 patients with unruptured dorsal ICA aneurysms (less than 4 mm in diameter) underwent microsurgical direct clipping. These cases involved the left ICA (n=17) and the right ICA (n=8), with a mean aneurysm size of 3.

Age- and Sex-Specific Disparities in Outcomes After Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel in East Asian Patients.

It is unknown whether there are age- and gender-related differences in the safety and efficacy of potent P2Y12 inhibitors in East Asian populations with a different bleeding or ischemic propensity. Using data from the TICAKOREA (Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel in Asian/Korean Patients with ACS Intended for Invasive Management) trial comparing ticagrelor versus clopidogrel for 800 Korean patients with acute coronary syndrome, the safety and efficacy outcomes were compared according to age (<75 vs ≥75 years) and gender (men vs women). The primary bleeding end point was clinically significant bleeding, and the primary ischemic end point was a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) at 12 months.

Differences in gross appearance and histopathology of the outer membrane of the subdural hematoma envelope over time: A respective case series and literature review.

Rationale: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common disorder among elderly males. The most common theory of its cause is a minor brain injury resulting in the rupture of a bridging vein. The outer membrane of subdural hematoma (SDH) evolves like cutaneous wound healing with different phases.

Occipital artery bypass importance in unsuitable superficial temporal artery: Two case reports.

Background: Superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass helps treat cerebral ischemia. However, the STA is not available for bypass in some conditions. Therefore, with some technical tips, the authors introduced a bypass technique using the occipital artery (OA).

Impact of Complete or Incomplete Revascularization for Left Main Coronary Disease: The Extended PRECOMBAT Study.

Background: Whether complete revascularization (CR) or incomplete revascularization (IR) may affect long-term outcomes after PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease is unclear.

Objectives: The authors sought to assess the impact of CR or IR on 10-year outcomes after PCI or CABG for LMCA disease.

Methods: In the PRECOMBAT (Premier of Randomized Comparison of Bypass Surgery versus Angioplasty Using Sirolimus-Eluting Stent in Patients with Left Main Coronary Artery Disease) 10-year extended study, the authors evaluated the effect of PCI and CABG on long-term outcomes according to completeness of revascularization.

Minimally invasive fibrinolytic treatment and drainage in patients with acute subdural hemorrhage and underlying comorbidities.

The incidence of acute subdural hemorrhage (ASDH), which is often caused by head trauma, is steadily increasing due to an increase in the elderly population and the use of anticoagulants. Urgent surgical treatment is recommended if the patient has impaired consciousness, worsening neurological symptoms, or brain midline shift (MLS) due to large hematomas on brain computed tomography (CT). Although large craniotomy is traditionally recommended for ASDH removal, old age, comorbidities, and antiplatelet drugs are considered risk factors for surgical complications, many neurosurgeons hesitate to perform aggressive surgical procedures in these patients.

Designing for Green and Grey: Insights from Single-Use Plastic Water Bottles.

Recognizing modern society's multiple risks, this study examines single-use plastic water bottles at the intersection of environmental degradation and societal carelessness for the elderly. While prioritising economic profits and plastic waste, we have neglected bottles' typical poor openability for older people. Thus, we evaluated the openability of bottles with environmentally friendly and socially inclusive designs in South Korea by comparing older and younger adults' experiences.

Direct Removal of Fourth Ventricle Hematoma in Massive Intraventricular Hemorrhage.

Various grading systems and surgical techniques have been developed for the treatment of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH); however, little attention has been paid to the fourth ventricle hematoma. Nonetheless, hemorrhagic dilation of the fourth ventricle may lead to catastrophic consequences for patients with massive IVH. We present two cases of massive IVH accompanied by massive fourth ventricle hematoma which was successfully removed with combination of suboccipital craniotomy for fourth ventricle hematoma and intraventricular fibrinolysis for supratentorial hematoma.

Systemic macrophage depletion attenuates infarct size in an experimental mouse model of stroke.

Objective: Macrophages have been shown to play important roles in various pathophysiological processes of the central nervous system via neuroinflammation, leading to an increased interest in macrophage biology. Circulating blood monocytes are among the first cells to infiltrate the brain after ischemic stroke; however, the role of innate immune cells such as monocytes and macrophages remains to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the association between blood monocytes and infarct size following ischemic stroke.

Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes Following Coronary Revascularization in Men-vs-Women with Unprotected Left Main Disease.

Gender differences have been recognized in several aspects of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, evidence for gender differences in long-term outcomes after left main coronary artery (LMCA) revascularization is limited. We sought to evaluate the impact of gender on outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for unprotected LMCA disease.

Correlation between high hair cortisol level and intracranial aneurysm rupture.

Measurement of cortisol in hair is a reliable method for determining long-term cortisol exposure reflecting chronic stress. Research using hair cortisol concentration has been limited to mainly cardiometabolic diseases. The association between hair cortisol concentration and aneurysmal rupture has not yet been studied.

Low RAI2 expression is a marker of poor prognosis in breast cancer.

Purpose: Retinoic acid-induced 2 (RAI2) has been shown to be a putative suppressor of the early hematogenous dissemination of tumor cells to the bone marrow in breast cancer. Here, we investigated the associations of RAI2 mRNA and protein expression with clinicopathological factors and prognosis in breast cancer patients with long-term follow-up.

Methods: Invasive breast cancer tissues (n = 604) were analyzed for RAI2 mRNA expression.

Modified Suturing Techniques in Carotid Endarterectomy for Reducing the Cerebral Ischemic Time.

Objective: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is an effective surgical procedure for treating symptomatic or asymptomatic patients with carotid stenosis. Many neurosurgeons use a shunt to reduce perioperative ischemic complications. However, the use of shunting is still controversial, and the shunt procedure can cause several complications.

Wedge Resection of the Falx to Clip a Distal Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm.

Background: The unilateral anterior interhemispheric approach has been widely used for distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysms. However, there are some drawbacks of this approach because of the narrow operative field, including possible brain traction injury, bridging vein injury, and inadequate exposure of the aneurysm. Here, we report a case of a DACA aneurysm covered by the falx that could not be totally exposed with the unilateral interhemispheric approach.

Acute Parent Artery Occlusion in Thrombosed Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm Presenting with Ischemic Stroke.

Background: Thrombosed intracranial aneurysms are complex and unstable lesions that are especially associated with ischemic stroke. Although acute parent artery occlusion manifesting with ischemic stroke is very rare, it can lead to catastrophic consequences.

Case Description: This study presents 2 cases of acute parent artery occlusion in thrombosed large and giant middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms manifesting with ischemic stroke.