Uniform volumetric single-cell processing for organ-scale molecular phenotyping.

Extending single-cell analysis to intact tissues while maintaining organ-scale spatial information poses a major challenge due to unequal chemical processing of densely packed cells. Here we introduce Continuous Redispersion of Volumetric Equilibrium (CuRVE) in nanoporous matrices, a framework to address this challenge. CuRVE ensures uniform processing of all cells in organ-scale tissues by perpetually maintaining dynamic equilibrium of the tissue's gradually shifting chemical environment.

Mechanistic insights into epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is designated as one of the prime causes of chemoresistance in many cancers. In our previous study we established that cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer (OC) is associated with EMT using sensitive OV90 cells and its resistant counterparts OV90CisR1 and OV90CisR2. In this study, we revealed through RNAseq analysis that ITGA1 can play essential part in EMT mediated cisplatin resistance in OC.

Intratympanic administration of dexamethasone attenuates radiation induced damage to middle ear mucosa.

Radiotherapy (RTx) is a highly effective treatment for head and neck cancer that can cause concurrent damage to surrounding healthy tissues. In cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the auditory apparatus is inevitably exposed to radiation fields and sustains considerable damage, resulting in dysfunction. To date, little research has been conducted on the changes induced by RTx in the middle ear and the underlying mechanisms involved.

Changes of temporomandibular joint space volume during 1 year after transoral vertical ramus osteotomy in patients with mandibular asymmetry.

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the difference in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) space volume between the deviated (Dev) and non-deviated (NDev) side following transoral vertical ramus osteotomy (TOVRO) in patients with mandibular prognathism combined with asymmetry using reconstructed 3-dimensional images. Sixty joints from 30 patients who underwent TOVRO between January 2018 and December 2021 were included. Computed tomography (CT) or cone-beam CT was performed before surgery (T0), and 6 (T1) and 12 months postoperatively (T2).

Atrophy of cerebellum Crus I indicates poor outcome of cochlear implantation in the elderly.

Cochlear implantation (CI) is a highly effective treatment for profound hearing loss in elderly individuals, including those with ARHL. However, factors influencing the success of CI in the elderly population are not fully understood. Hence, we sought to investigate the association of regional cerebellar gray matter volume with effectiveness of CI in the elderly.

NONAN GaitPrint: An IMU gait database of healthy older adults.

The continued effort to study gait kinematics and the increased interest in identifying individuals based on their gait patterns could be strengthened by the inclusion of data from older groups. To address this need and complement our previous database on healthy young adults, we present an addition to the Nonlinear Analysis Core (NONAN) GaitPrint database. We offer full-body inertial measurement data during self-paced overground walking on a 200 m indoor track of 41 older adults (56 + years old; 20 men and 21 women; age: 64.

Silver single atoms and nanoparticles on floatable monolithic photocatalysts for synergistic solar water disinfection.

Photocatalytic water disinfection technology is highly promising in off-grid areas due to abundant year-round solar irradiance. However, the practical use of powdered photocatalysts is impeded by limited recovery and inefficient inactivation of stress-resistant bacteria in oligotrophic surface water. Here we prepare a floatable monolithic photocatalyst with ZIF-8-NH loaded Ag single atoms and nanoparticles (Ag/ZIF).

Aetiology of chronic liver disease is a valuable factor for stratifying adverse outcomes of acute decompensation: prospective observational study.

Background/aims: Acute decompensation (AD) is defined as the development of complications related to portal hypertension and liver dysfunction that affect the progression of chronic liver disease (CLD) or liver cirrhosis (LC). Variations exist in patient demographics and prognostic outcomes of AD based on the aetiology of CLD, encompassing LC. However, limited research has been conducted to analyse these discrepancies across aetiologies.

Free radicals and their impact on health and antioxidant defenses: a review.

Free radicals, characterized by the presence of unpaired electrons, are highly reactive species that play a significant role in human health. These molecules can be generated through various endogenous processes, such as mitochondrial respiration and immune cell activation, as well as exogenous sources, including radiation, pollution, and smoking. While free radicals are essential for certain physiological processes, such as cell signaling and immune defense, their overproduction can disrupt the delicate balance between oxidants and antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress.

Differential impact from individual versus collective misinformation tagging on the diversity of Twitter (X) information engagement and mobility.

Fears about the destabilizing impact of misinformation online have motivated individuals and platforms to respond. Individuals have increasingly challenged others' online claims with fact-checks in pursuit of a healthier information ecosystem and to break down echo chambers of self-reinforcing opinion. Using Twitter (now X) data, here we show the consequences of individual misinformation tagging: tagged posters had explored novel political information and expanded topical interests immediately prior, but being tagged caused posters to retreat into information bubbles.

Transparent OLED displays for selective bidirectional viewing using ZnO/Yb:Ag cathode with highly smooth and low-barrier surface.

Transparent organic light-emitting diode (TrOLED) displays represent cutting-edge technology posed to significantly enhance user experience. This study addresses two pivotal challenges in TrOLED development. Firstly, we focus on the innovation of transparent cathodes, a fundamental component in TrOLEDs, by introducing a ZnO/Yb:Ag cathode.

Branched endosomal disruptor (BEND) lipids mediate delivery of mRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complex for hepatic gene editing and T cell engineering.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are the preeminent non-viral drug delivery vehicle for mRNA-based therapies. Immense effort has been placed on optimizing the ionizable lipid (IL) structure, which contains an amine core conjugated to lipid tails, as small molecular adjustments can result in substantial changes in the overall efficacy of the resulting LNPs. However, despite some advancements, a major barrier for LNP delivery is endosomal escape.

HDR brachytherapy combined with external beam radiotherapy for unfavorable localized prostate cancer: A single center experience from inception to standard of care.

Purpose: High dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy is increasingly adopted for dose escalation in prostate cancer treatment. We report the clinical efficacy and toxicity of HDR prostate brachytherapy combined with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and evaluate the predictability of the biochemical definition of cure of 4-year PSA ≤0.2 ng/mL for failure free survival (FFS).

Comparison of Liquid-Based Cytology EASYPREP and SurePath for Detection of High-Risk HPV Genotypes.

Objective: Molecular testing for high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) genotypes is important for cervical cancer screening. In this study, we compared the HPV detection rates using real-time PCR in cervical samples collected using two different liquid-based cytology (LBC) kits.

Methods: Cervical swab specimens were prospectively collected using the SurePath and EASYPREP collection kits.

Tenzing Assisted Delivery of Aspiration (TADA) technique for thrombectomy of medium vessel occlusions using the Freeclimb 54 catheter: multicenter experience.

Background: Medium vessel occlusions (MeVOs) account for 25-40% of acute ischemic stroke. The Tenzing 5 (Route 92 Medical, San Mateo, California, USA) and FreeClimb 54 (Route 92 Medical, San Mateo, California, USA) catheter is a novel delivery-aspiration catheter combination designed to facilitate aspiration thrombectomy (AT) of MeVOs. We report our clinical experience using the Tenzing assisted delivery of aspiration (TADA) technique with FreeClimb 54 for first-line AT of MeVO.

Mechanical thrombectomy in elderly stroke patients with low ASPECTS: insights from STAR.

Background: The elderly population (≥80 years) were underrepresented in recent trials of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for anterior circulation large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke (LVO-AIS) with low Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) (≤5).

Methods: This study analyzed data from a prospectively maintained database of 37 thrombectomy centers. The primary cohort of the study comprised patients with LVO-AIS aged ≥80 who underwent EVT with ASPECTS≤5 from 2013 to 2023.

Retrospective observational study of the association between changes in physical activity and frailty in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006-2022).

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in physical activity and frailty among middle-aged and older adults in Korea, using panel data from the 2006-2022 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA).

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Setting: For this longitudinal panel study, data were sourced from the KLoSA dataset.

Identifying barriers and potential solutions to improve equitable access to community eye services: an exploratory sequential mixed methods study protocol.

Introduction: Access to care varies by sociodemographic group, with some groups facing higher barriers to care than others. This study will use novel methods to explore barriers and potential solutions as perceived by members of the population groups who are least able to access care. We aim to use rapid yet robust mixed methods that allow us to identify generalisable findings within each programme and testable service modifications to improve equitable access to care; delivering non-tokenistic findings within a matter of weeks.

Enhanced storage and gastrointestinal stability of spray-dried whey protein emulsions with chitosan and gum Arabic.

Protein-based emulsions are widely utilized for delivering bioactives but suffer from thermodynamic instability, microbial spoilage, and gastrointestinal instability, necessitating enhancement strategies. This study explores the improvement of whey protein isolate (WPI) emulsions through chitosan (CS) coating and spray drying with maltodextrin (MD) or gum Arabic (GA). Canola oil droplets were stabilized with WPI, electrostatic coated with CS, and spray-dried.

Antinuclear antibodies and progression of quantitative interstitial lung changes: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)-Lung Study.

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are often found in ILD; whether ANA is associated with radiographic progression of quantitive interstital lung changes is unknown. We performed longitudinal analyses of adults in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis using linear mixed effects models with random intercept and slope to evaluate whether baseline ANA was associated with change in the amount of lung with high attenuation areas on CT (HAAs, percentage of imaged lung with -600 to -250 HU). In 6,638 subjects with 17,293 CT scans over 18 years, 741 (11%) were ANA positive.

Machine learning prediction of in-hospital mortality and external validation in patients with cardiogenic shock: the RESCUE score.

Introduction And Objectives: Despite advances in mechanical circulatory support, mortality rates in cardiogenic shock (CS) remain high. A reliable risk stratification system could serve as a valuable guide in the clinical management of patients with CS. This study aimed to develop and externally validate a risk prediction model for in-hospital mortality in CS patients using machine learning (ML) algorithms.

Synergistic effects of estrogen deficiency and articular disk derangement on condylar bone loss.

Objectives: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) with condylar resorption is a multifactorial condition involving hormonal imbalance and articular disk dysfunction, often leading to severe TMJ degeneration. This study investigated the combined effects of estrogen deficiency and anterior articular disk derangement (ADD) on condylar bone resorption in a mouse model.

Methods: Female C57BL/6J mice underwent ovariectomy (OVX) to induce estrogen deficiency and ADD was surgically induced for stress.

Arthroscopic Microdrilling for Full-thickness Trochlear Cartilage Defects in Patients Undergoing High Tibial Osteotomy Confers Improved Cartilage Status at 1 year and Rate of Minimal Clinically Important Difference at Short-term Follow-up.

Purpose: To compare the patient-reported outcome improvements and cartilage status of trochlear cartilage defects (TCDs) after additional arthroscopic microdrilling versus no treatment for TCDs during medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy(MOWHTO) METHODS: Patients who underwent MOWHTO with either microdrilling (Group M) or no treatment (Group N) for near full-thickness TCDs (International Cartilage Repair Society[ICRS] grade≥3B) from March 2010 to September 2022 were retrospectively reviewed, with a minimum 2-year follow-up. 1:1 Propensity score matched-Group N was created. Comparative analyses were conducted using patient-reported outcomes(PROs) and minimal clinically important difference (MCID).

Radiation Segmentectomy for Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma is Curative.

In this Expert Opinion, we provide the rationale for concluding that radiation segmentectomy (using RADSEG method), a technique of administrating ablative, complete necrosis-inducing trans-arterial Yttrium-90 (Y90) radiotherapy in limited-disease burden hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is curative. Currently, curative options for early stage and other carefully selected HCC patients include transplantation, resection, and ablation. Because of issues with organ availability, co-morbidities preventing resection, and tumor size and location limiting ablation, other treatments are necessary for this selected patient population.