Impact on clinical outcomes of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors against doxorubicin-related toxicity in patients with breast cancer and hypertension: A nationwide cohort study in South Korea.

Background: Although doxorubicin (DOX) is a commonly used potent chemotherapeutic agent in patients with breast cancer, its cardiotoxic effect is a concern, particularly in patients with hypertension. Antihypertensive renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors may potentially play a role in preventing overt heart failure (HF) due to DOX toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate whether the use of RAS inhibitors improves clinical outcomes in patients with hypertension and breast cancer undergoing DOX-containing chemotherapy.

Clinical significance of the number of retrieved lymph nodes in early gastric cancer with submucosal invasion.

The prognosis of early gastric cancer (EGC) with submucosal invasion is favorable; however, several cases of recurrence have been reported even after curative gastrectomy. This study aimed to investigate risk factors and evaluate the clinical significance of the number of retrieved lymph nodes (LNs) in EGC with submucosal invasion. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 443 patients with gastric cancer with submucosal invasion after curative gastrectomy for recurrent risk factors.

Clinical impact of surgical treatment for the spontaneously ruptured resectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A single institution experience.

Spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (srHCC) is a fatal complication of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, emergency treatment is frequently fraught with difficulties. This study aimed to investigate the prognosis and recurrence pattern in patients undergoing hepatectomy for the srHCC.

Transanal minimally invasive surgery using laparoscopic instruments of the rectum: A review.

Transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) was first described in 2010 as an alternative to transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM). The TAMIS technique can be access to the proximal and mid-rectum for resection of benign and early-stage malignant rectal lesions and also used for noncurative intent surgery of more advanced lesions in patients who are not candidates for radical surgery. TAMIS has a shorter learning curve, reduced device setup time, flexibility in instrument use, and versatility in application than TEM.

Endoscopic radial incision and cutting technique for treatment-naive stricture of colorectal anastomosis: Two case reports.

Background: Anastomotic stenosis (AS) after colorectal surgery was treated with balloon dilation, endoscopic procedure or surgery. The endoscopic procedures including dilation, electrocautery incision, or radial incision and cutting (RIC) were preferred because of lower complication rates than surgery and are less invasive. Endoscopic RIC has a greater success rate than dilation methods.

Successful treatment of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the rectosigmoid colon: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Compared with colorectal adenocarcinoma, basaloid squamous cell carcinomas (BSCCs) arising in the colorectum are rare and have very poor prognosis. To date, only nine cases have been reported. Most BSCCs are extensively involved in metastasis to the lymph node, liver, and lung at diagnosis.

Penile metastasis in rectal cancer with pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: The first case report and literature review.

Rationale: Penile metastasis in rectal cancer is very rare and often originates from prostatic or bladder cancer. The prognosis of penile metastasis is poor and its treatments are more often palliative than curative due to association with disseminated metastases. Pathologic complete response (pCR) in rectal cancer with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been shown to be surrogate marker of favorable long-term outcomes and currently has no report of penile metastasis.

Laparoscopic management for stump appendicitis: A case series with literature review.

Introduction: Appendectomy is one of the most common emergency surgical operations. Stump appendicitis is a rare complication after appendectomy and is caused by acute inflammation of the remnant part of the appendix. Because of the low index of suspicion owing to a previous history of appendectomy, the diagnosis of stump appendicitis is often delayed.

Factors affecting retrieval of 12 or more lymph nodes in pT1 colorectal cancers.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify clinicopathological factors that affect the number of lymph nodes (LNs) (12 or more) retrieved from patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly those with pathologic T1 (pT1) disease.

Methods: From 429 CRC patients, 75 pT1 cancers were identified and digitally scanned. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the clinicopathological factors affecting the number of LNs retrieved from all 429 patients and from the subset of patients with pT1 CRC.

Pseudoprogression presenting as intestinal perforation in non-small cell lung cancer treated with anti-PD-1: A case report.

Pseudoprogression is not frequently observed in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who are treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. We report on a case of pseudoprogression, which was presented as intestinal perforation after pembrolizumab immunotherapy for NSCLC. A-54-year-old man with stage IV NSCLC received pembrolizumab therapy.

Slow Heart Rate Recovery Is Associated with Increased Exercise-induced Arterial Stiffness in Normotensive Patients without Overt Atherosclerosis.

Background: This study evaluated whether blunted autonomic activity as measured by heart rate recovery (HRR) was associated with increased arterial stiffness, especially increased exercise-induced arterial stiffness, in normotensive patients without overt atherosclerosis.

Methods: One hundred fifty-four normotensive patients without overt atherosclerosis who had undergone a treadmill exercise test were consecutively enrolled. HRR was measured at one minute after exercise.

Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Colon With Carcinomatosis Peritonei.

Colorectal large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are extremely rare and have very poor prognosis compared to adenocarcinomas. A 74-year-old man presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea and hematochezia. The histopathologic report of colonoscopic biopsy performed at a local clinic was a poorly differentiated carcinoma.

Usefulness of direct W-plasty application to wound debridement for minimizing scar formation in the ED.

Purpose: A suture line placed with the same direction as the relaxed skin tension line leads to good healing, but a suture line with over 30 degrees of angle from the relaxed skin tension line leads to longer healing time and more prominent scarring. W-plasty is widely used to change the direction of the scar or to divide it into several split scars. In this study, we applied W-plasty to patients with facial lacerations in the emergency department.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of preoperative F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for colorectal cancer: comparison with conventional computed tomography.

Background/aims: F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) has been used for preoperative staging of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET/CT for detection of lymph node or distant metastasis and its prognostic role have not been well established. We therefore evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic value of FDG-PET/CT in comparison with conventional CT for CRC.

Mesh-based transperineal repair of a perineal hernia after a laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection.

A perineal hernia (PH) is formed by a protrusion of intra-abdominal viscera through a defect in the pelvic floor. This is a rare complication after a conventional abdominoperineal resection (APR). However, the risk of a PH may be increased after a laparoscopic resection because this technique can cause fewer postoperative adhesions, predisposing the small bowel to sliding down toward the pelvis.

Transanal single-port microsurgery for rectal tumors: minimal invasive surgery under spinal anesthesia.

Background: Transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) for rectal tumors has been introduced as an alternative approach to transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM). TEM has some limitations, such as the need for special equipment, expensive cost, and steep learning curve. In this study, we address the technical feasibility of TAMIS under spinal anesthesia and its short-term postoperative outcomes.

Podoplanin, α-smooth muscle actin or S100A4 expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts are associated with different prognosis in colorectal cancers.

The interactions between the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells determine the behavior of the primary tumors. Whether cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) have a tumor progressive or a protective role likely depends on the type of tumor cells and the CAF subpopulation. In the present study, we analyzed the prognostic significance of CAF subpopulations in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Combined aberrant expression of E-cadherin and S100A4, but not β-catenin is associated with disease-free survival and overall survival in colorectal cancer patients.

Background/aims: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancers is related to metastasis, recurrence, and poor prognosis. We evaluated whether EMT-related proteins can act as prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Methods: We evaluated the expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, and S100A4 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 333 CRC tissues from the tumor center and invasive margin.

Early rehabilitation versus conventional care after laparoscopic rectal surgery: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: Although early rehabilitation programs have been reported to be effective after laparoscopic colectomy, there is no report of the efficacy of rehabilitation programs after rectal cancer surgery. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of an early rehabilitation program after laparoscopic low anterior resection for mid or low rectal cancer in a randomized, controlled trial.

Methods: Ninety-eight patients who had undergone a laparoscopic low anterior resection with defunctioning ileostomy were randomized on a 1:1 basis to an early rehabilitation program (n = 52) or conventional care (n = 46).