Rewritable wavelength-selective hydrogel actuators grafted with fluorophores.

Recent efforts have focused on developing stimuli-responsive soft actuators that mimic the adaptive, complex, and reversible movements found in natural species. However, most hydrogel actuators are limited by their inability to combine wavelength-selectivity with reprogrammable shape changes, thereby reducing their degree of freedom in motion. To address this challenge, we present a novel strategy that integrates these capabilities by grafting fluorophores onto temperature-responsive hydrogels.

Atom-Efficient Synthesis of Trimethine Cyanines Using Formaldehyde as a Single-Carbon Source.

Herein, we present an innovative and atom-efficient synthesis of trimethine cyanines (Cy3) using formaldehyde (FA) as a single-carbon reagent. The widespread application of Cy3 dyes in bioimaging and genomics/proteomics is often limited by synthetic routes plagued by low atom economy and substantial side-product formation. Through systematic investigation, we have developed a practical and efficient synthetic pathway for both symmetrical and unsymmetrical Cy3 derivatives, significantly minimizing resource utilization.

Prognostic value of collateral perfusion estimation by arterial spin labeling for acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the value of arterial spin labeling (ASL) collateral perfusion estimation for predicting functional outcomes in acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Methods: This secondary analysis of an ongoing prospective observational study included data from participants with acute ischemic stroke due to steno-occlusion of the internal carotid artery and/or the middle cerebral artery within 8 h of symptom onset. We compared the collateral map, which is a 5-phase collateral imaging derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography, and ASL to validate the ASL collateral perfusion estimation.

The collateral map: prediction of lesion growth and penumbra after acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Objectives: This study evaluated the collateral map's ability to predict lesion growth and penumbra after acute anterior circulation ischemic strokes.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of selected data from a prospectively collected database. The lesion growth ratio was the ratio of the follow-up lesion volume to the baseline lesion volume on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Impact of Collateral Circulation on Futile Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Anterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke.

Objective: Collateral circulation is associated with the differential treatment effect of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke. We aimed to verify the ability of the collateral map to predict futile EVT in patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Methods: This secondary analysis of a prospective observational study included data from participants underwent EVT for acute ischemic stroke due to occlusion of the internal carotid artery and/or the middle cerebral artery within 8 hours of symptom onset.

Collateral estimation by susceptibility-weighted imaging and prediction of functional outcomes after acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke.

To determine the value of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) for collateral estimation and for predicting functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke. To identify independent predictors of favorable functional outcomes, age, sex, risk factors, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, baseline diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesion volume, site of steno-occlusion, SWI collateral grade, mode of treatment, and successful reperfusion were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analyses. A total of 152 participants were evaluated.

Collateral and permeability imaging derived from dynamic contrast material-enhanced MR angiography in prediction of PH 2 hemorrhagic transformation after acute ischemic stroke: a pilot study.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of collateral and permeability imaging derived from dynamic contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography to predict PH 2 hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: The secondary analysis of a published data from participants with acute ischemic stroke. The multiphase collateral map and permeability imaging were generated by using dynamic signals from dynamic contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography obtained at admission.

Multiphase MR Angiography Collateral Map: Functional Outcome after Acute Anterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke.

Background Collateral circulation determines tissue fate and affects treatment result in acute ischemic stroke. A precise method for collateral estimation in an optimal imaging protocol is necessary to make an appropriate treatment decision for acute ischemic stroke. Purpose To verify the value of multiphase collateral imaging data sets (MR angiography collateral map) derived from dynamic contrast material-enhanced MR angiography for predicting functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke.

Ginseng authenticity testing by measuring carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur stable isotope compositions that differ based on cultivation land and organic fertilizer type.

Background: The natural ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) stable isotopes can be varied in some specific living organisms owing to various isotopic fractionation processes in nature. Therefore, the analysis of C, N, and S stable isotope ratios in ginseng can provide a feasible method for determining ginseng authenticity depending on the cultivation land and type of fertilizer.

Methods: C, N, and S stable isotope composition in 6-yr-old ginseng roots (Jagyeongjong variety) was measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry.

Enhanced Production of Anthraquinones and Phenolic Compounds and Biological Activities in the Cell Suspension Cultures of Polygonum multiflorum.

Anthraquinones (AQs) and phenolic compounds are important phytochemicals that are biosynthesized in cell suspension cultures of . We wanted to optimize the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs), media, sucrose, l-glutamine, jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA) for the production of phytochemicals and biomass accumulation in a cell suspension culture of . The medium containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts and 4% sucrose supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 0.

The Influence of Flush Methods on Transfemoral Catheter Cerebral Angiography: Continuous Flush versus Intermittent Flush.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of different flush methods on transfemoral cerebral angiography (TFCA).

Materials And Methods: This single-blind randomized controlled trial included 50 patients who had undergone TFCA. Balanced block randomization was used to allocate participants into intermittent-flush (n = 25) and continuous-flush (n = 25) groups.

Memory complaints in subjective cognitive impairment, amnestic mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease.

Memory complaints are a frequent phenomenon in elderly individuals and can lead to opportunistic help-seeking behavior. The aim of this study was to compare different aspects of memory complaints (i.e.

Subjective memory complaints, depressive symptoms and instrumental activities of daily living in mild cognitive impairment.

Background: The diagnostic relevance of subjective memory complaints (SMCs) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains to be unresolved. The aim of this study is to determine clinical correlates of SMCs in MCI. Furthermore, we examined whether there are the differences due to different aspects of complaints (i.

Distribution and abundance of Spirochaetes in full-scale anaerobic digesters.

To investigate the distribution and abundance of spirochaetal communities within anaerobic digesters, pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was conducted. Phylogenetic analysis identified a cluster which included the majority of core spirochaetal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and environmental clones but no pure-culture strains. Distribution of the core OTUs demonstrated an importance of local factors in shaping the structure of Spirochaetes.

Delayed symptomatic thromboembolism after unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm embolization.

Endovascular treatment has been increasingly performed for unruptured intracerebral aneurysms. However, thromboembolic complications, which develop mostly within 48 hours after the procedure, are the most common and major complications of endovascular treatment. We present a rare case of delayed symptomatic thromboembolism in an ischemic stroke patient who had undergone coil embolization for unruptured middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm.

Monitoring bacterial community structure and variability in time scale in full-scale anaerobic digesters.

Using a high-throughput pyrosequencing technology, this study assessed bacterial community structure and time-scale variability in great detail in seven full-scale anaerobic digesters operated variously in terms of influent substrate, digestion temperature, and reactor configuration. Pyrosequencing generated a total of 83,774 sequence reads from 40 digester sludge samples collected monthly for six months. The highest number of sequence reads were detected within Proteobacteria (20.