Reversal of chirality in solutions and aggregates of chiral tetrachlorinated diperylene diimides towards efficient circularly polarized light detection.

Helicenes exhibit promise as active layer materials for circularly polarized light (CPL) detectors due to their strong chiroptical activity. However, their practical application is limited by the complicated synthesis and loosely solid-state packing. This study introduces a chiral induction strategy towards the synthesis of helicene derivatives, chiral tetrachlorinated diperylene diimides (()-4CldiPDI or ()-4CldiPDI).

Glaucoma Progression in Treatment-Naïve Normal-Tension Glaucoma Patients with Myopia - Role of Intraocular Pressure.

Precis: While myopia has been recognized as a positive prognostic factor for NTG progression in the adult population, some myopic NTG eyes exhibited significant progression within two years when left untreated, even under low IOP.

Purpose: To determine the natural history and risk factors associated with progressive retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning in previously stable, treatment-naïve, normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients with myopia.

Methods: This study included 111 myopic NTG eyes without intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering treatment for at least 1 year and without disease progression during the treatment-free period.

Serial changes in patient-reported outcome measures and satisfaction rate during long-term follow-up after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the sequential changes in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and the satisfaction rate during long-term follow-up after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: Studies published until December 2023 were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS and Cochrane Library. The inclusion criteria were TKA as the primary procedure, a final post-operative follow-up period of at least seven years and reporting of PROMs data.

Comparison of Malondialdehyde, Acetylcholinesterase, and Apoptosis-Related Markers in the Cortex and Hippocampus of Cognitively Dysfunctional Mice Induced by Scopolamine.

Until now, many researchers have conducted evaluations on hippocampi for analyses of cognitive dysfunction models using scopolamine. However, depending on the purposes of these analyses, there are differences in the experimental results for the hippocampi and cortexes. Therefore, this study intends to compare various analyses of cognitive dysfunction after scopolamine administration with each other in hippocampi and cortexes.

In silico modeling of electric field modulation by transcranial direct current stimulation in stroke patients with skull burr holes: Implications for safe clinical application.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a promising tool for stroke rehabilitation, supported by evidence demonstrating its beneficial effects on post-stroke recovery. However, patients with skull defects, such as burr holes, have been excluded from tDCS due to limited knowledge regarding the effect of skull defects on the electric field.

Objective: We investigated the effect of burr holes on the electric field induced by tDCS and identified the electrode location that modulates the electric field.

KEAP1-NRF2 pathway as a novel therapeutic target for EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)-nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway is a major regulator protecting cells from oxidative and metabolic stress. Studies have revealed that this pathway is involved in mediating resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy and immunotherapy, however, its implications in oncogene-addicted tumors are largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate whether this pathway could be a potential therapeutic target for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

The integrity of thalamo-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex tract: a key factor in residual consciousness in disorders of consciousness patients.

Background: The mesocircuit model describes a complex network that includes the prefrontal cortical-striatopallidal-thalamo-cortical loop systems and is involved in the mechanism underlying consciousness in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). Inhibitory signals to the thalamus become hyperactive in DoC patients, leading to a loss of consciousness. Reactivating this mesocircuit system is important for recovering consciousness in these patients.

Placental growth factor deficiency initiates obesity- and aging-associated metabolic syndrome.

Obesity often leads to inadequate angiogenesis in expanding adipose tissue, resulting in inflammation and insulin resistance. We explored the role of placental growth factor (PlGF) in metabolic syndrome (MS) using mice models of type 2 diabetes, high-fat diet, or aging. Reduced serum PlGF levels were associated with decreased insulin sensitivity and development of MS features.

Presoaking hamstring autograft with vancomycin does not jeopardize its biomechanical properties, including graft elongation, after cyclic loading.

Purpose: Presoaking the graft with vancomycin before implantation has been shown to reduce the risk of postoperative infection after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). However, the effects of presoaking on the graft biomechanical properties remain unclear. This study aimed to determine whether presoaking the graft with vancomycin affects the graft biomechanical properties and length after cyclic loading.

Prognostic Impact of Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 in Surgically Resected Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinomas.

Introduction: Reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (Romo1) is a novel protein that is critically involved in the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species. Evidence has revealed that Romo1 is associated with treatment outcomes of various human malignancies, including lung cancer. However, the clinical implications of this protein in surgically resected lung cancers harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations have not been investigated.

Radiological and Clinical Significance of Cervical Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.

Objective: The study compared the morphometric changes of the cervical spinal cord using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and assessed the correlation with kinematic changes, cord cross-sectional area (CSA), and high signal intensity (SI) on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI).

Methods: Patients with CSM were evaluated through dynamic MRI for sagittal and axial CSA changes of the cervical cord, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reserve ratio, degree of cord impingement, cord compression rate, range of motion (ROM), and severity of SI on T2WI. The degree of cord impingement was evaluated using the Muhle grading system.

Enrichment and MALDI-TOF MS Analysis of Phosphoinositides in Brain Tissue.

Triazolium cyclodextrin click cluster () is an ideal scaffold to specifically bind phosphoinositides (PIPs) via multivalent electrostatic interaction. A new enrichment material, triazolium cyclodextrin click cluster-magnetic agarose bead conjugate (), was synthesized and applied to the PIP enrichment of brain tissue. The enriched sample was analyzed using MALDI-TOF MS in negative ion mode without any derivatization.

Optimized trans-cranial direct current stimulation for prolonged consciousness disorder in a patient with titanium mesh cranioplasty.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been used for the restoration of awareness in patients with a minimal consciousness state (MCS). Most brains of patients in MCS may structurally and electrophysiologically differ from un-damaged brains. Moreover, tDCS is currently contraindicated for patients with craniotomy or skull with metallic implants.

Effects of root extract on adipogenesis and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and SD rat models.

Background/objectives: Obesity is a major cause of metabolic disorders; to prevent obesity, research is ongoing to develop natural and safe ingredients with few adverse effects. In this study, we determined the anti-obesity effects of root extract (KWFD-H01) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

Materials/methods: The anti-obesity effects of KWFD-H01in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and SD rats were examined using various assays, including Oil Red O staining, gene expression analyses, protein expression analyses, and blood biochemical analyses.