Korean sexually transmitted infection guidelines 2023 revision, guideline update of viral infections: Genital herpes and anogenital warts.

The Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation and the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency regularly update, revise, and develop new content for the Korean sexually transmitted infection (STI) guidelines. These professional bodies respond to changing epidemiological trends and evolving scientific evidence, and consider advances in laboratory diagnostics and research. The principal recommendations of the 2023 Korean STI guidelines in terms of viral infection follow: 1) If genital herpes recurs more than 4-6 times annually, suppressive therapy with acyclovir 400 mg orally 2 times/day or famciclovir 250 mg orally 2 times/day or valacyclovir 500 mg orally once a day (for patients with <10 episodes/year) or valacyclovir 1 g orally once daily (for patients with ≥10 episodes/year) is recommended to prevent recurrence; 2) molecular human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is not recommended as a routine test for STI status, nor for determination of HPV vaccination status; and 3) patients should inform their current sexual partners about anogenital warts because the types of HPV that cause such warts can be passed to partners.

Scalp nodules as the first presentation of prostate cancer: A CARE-compliant article.

Rationale: Bones are the most common site of prostate cancer metastasis. Other common sites of metastases include the distant lymph nodes, liver, thorax, brain, and digestive system. However, cutaneous metastases from prostate cancer are extremely rare.

[Diagnosis and Treatment of GastroEsophageal Reflux Disease at the Primary Health Care Clinics in Korea].

Background/aims: The prevalence of GERD and treatment costs are continuously rising in Korea, and the importance of primary health care clinics where the most treatment of actual patients is conducted is increasing. In this study, the diagnosis of GERD, selection of therapeutic drugs, and treatment methods in primary health care clininics were investigated through a large-scale multi-dimensional surveys.

Methods: From January 2015 to December 2018, the study data of 18,010 patients with GERD were retrospectively investigated based on eletronic medical record at 542 primary health care clinics in Korea.

Hygrolansamycins A-D, -Heterocyclic Macrolides from sp. KCB17JA11.

Six ansamycin derivatives were isolated from the culture broth of sp. KCB17JA11, including four new hygrolansamycins A-D (1-4) and known congeners divergolide O (5) and hygrocin C (6). Compounds 1-5 featured an unusual six-membered -heterocyclic moiety.

Jejuketomycins A and B, polyketide glycosides with cancer cell migration inhibitory activity from sp. KCB15JA151.

Two new polyketide glycosides jejuketomycins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from a culture of sp. KCB15JA151. Their chemical structures including the absolute configurations were determined by detailed analyses of the NMR and HRMS data and ECD calculations and spectral data.

Replacement of the Dominant ST191 Clone by ST369 Among Carbapenem-Resistant Bloodstream Isolates at a Tertiary Care Hospital in South Korea.

The clonal dissemination of carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) bacteremia is a serious clinical problem worldwide. However, the factors related to the emergence and replacement of predominant CRAB clones in nosocomial settings are unclear. By multilocus sequence typing (MLST), we evaluated the genetic relatedness of CRAB bloodstream isolates at a tertiary care hospital over a 3.

Fever as a first presentation of castration-resistant prostate cancer: A case report.

Rationale: Cancer is a well-recognized cause of fever, which is related to cytokines produced by malignant cells. Prostate cancer presenting with fever and other inflammatory markers as a paraneoplastic syndrome rarely occurs.

Patients Concerns And Diagnoses: We describe the case of high fever and lower-urinary tract symptoms that progressed 1 month prior to presentation.

Jejucarbazoles A-C, carbazole glycosides with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitory activity from sp. KCB15JA151.

A bioassay-guided investigation led to the isolation of three new carbazole glycosides, jejucarbazoles A-C (1-3), from sp. KCB15JA151. Their planar structures were elucidated by detailed NMR and MS spectroscopic analysis with a literature study.

Clinical Features of Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Cardiovascular Adverse Reactions After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.

Background: Since the implementation of the nationwide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination campaign, emergency departments (EDs) have had an increasing number of patients reporting postvaccination cardiovascular adverse effects. We investigated the clinical features of patients who visited the ED for cardiovascular adverse reactions after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study in two EDs.

Subacute Thyroiditis After Receiving the mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine (Moderna): The First Case Report and Literature Review in Korea.

Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is a painful thyroiditis that often requires steroid therapy. Here, we report the first case of severe SAT in a patient who received the first dose of mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. A 34-year-old man without a viral prodrome felt a lump when swallowing 5 days after his first dose of mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccination.

Rifamycin resistance, rpoB gene mutation and clinical outcomes of Staphylococcus species isolates from prosthetic joint infections in Republic of Korea.

Objectives: We conducted an in vitro investigation of the activity of rifamycins against planktonic and biofilm states of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from patients with prosthetic joint infections (PJIs), characterised their rpoB gene mutations, and analysed the clinical outcomes of rifampicin-resistant isolates.

Methods: A total of 110 staphylococcal isolates were collected from patients with PJI. Antimicrobials tested using the broth microdilution method included rifampicin, rifabutin, rifapentine and rifaximin.

Efficacy and Safety of the Extract on Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Study.

is a folk remedy used to treat inflammation in patients with tumors or liver damage. This study investigated the efficacy of extract (CTE) for relieving the symptoms of functional dyspepsia. In an 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 100 adults with any condition featured in the Rome IV criteria and a Gastrointestinal Symptoms Scale (GIS) score ≥4 were randomly allocated to take either a placebo (maltodextrin) or a 50 mg CTE tablet, which equally included celluloses, magnesium stearate, and silicon dioxide, twice daily, 20 January 2020, and 3 August 2020.

The Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Sociosexual Behaviors in the South Korean Military Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: This study evaluated the epidemiological factors of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among South Korean troops including the prevalence, therapeutic methods, and sexual risk behaviors.

Material And Methods: The medical records of the STIs diagnosed troops at the Armed Forces Capital Hospital (AFCH) for 36 months (between January 2018 and December 2020) were retrospectively reviewed. The data collection for the study began after obtaining research approvals from the institutional ethics committee of AFCH.

Circulating Plasmacytoid and Conventional Dendritic Cells Are Numerically and Functionally Deficient in Patients With Scrub Typhus.

Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells known to bridge innate and adaptive immune reactions. However, the relationship between circulating DCs and infection is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the level and function of plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and conventional DCs (cDCs), two subsets of circulating DCs, in scrub typhus patients.

Angucyclines containing β-ᴅ-glucuronic acid from Streptomyces sp. KCB15JA151.

Two angucyclines, pseudonocardones D (1) and E (2), were isolated from Streptomyces sp. KCB15JA151. The planar structure was elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis.

Automatic control of simulated moving bed process with deep Q-network.

Optimal control of a simulated moving bed (SMB) process is challenging because the system dynamics is represented as nonlinear partial differential-algebraic equations combined with discrete events. In addition, product purity constraints are active at the optimal operating condition, which implies that these constraints can be easily violated by disturbance. Recently, artificial intelligence techniques have received significant attention for their ability to address complex problems, involving a large number of state variables.

Risk Factors and a Scoring System to Predict ARDS in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia in Korea: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Predictive studies of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are limited. In this study, the predictors of ARDS were investigated and a score that can predict progression to ARDS in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was developed. All patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia between February 1, 2020, and May 15, 2020, at five university hospitals in Korea were enrolled.

species causing invasive fungal pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient: a case report.

is a large genus of filamentous fungi that are rarely associated with disease in humans. In the clinical setting, species are often difficult to distinguish from other fungal organisms, particularly species. Invasive fungal pneumonia caused by species has rarely been reported, especially in immunocompetent patients.

Prosthetic valve endocarditis by Trichosporon mucoides: A case report and review of literature.

Nationale: Trichosporon species are widely distributed in nature and are emerging opportunistic human pathogens. Trichosporon infections are associated with superficial cutaneous involvement in immunocompetent individuals to severe systemic disease in immunocompromised patients. Until now, there is no report in infective endocarditis by Trichosporon mucoides confirmed by molecular diagnostics PATIENT CONCERNS:: A 66-year-old man presented with a fever that had occurred for a period of 6 months.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus species isolated from prosthetic joints with a focus on fluoroquinolone-resistance mechanisms.

We investigated susceptibility to antimicrobials of 89 staphylococcal species from PJIs and analyzed fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistance mechanisms. Staphylococcal isolates showed high resistance to oral antimicrobials, with the exception of TMP-STX and linezolid. The main mechanism of resistance to FQ was mutations in quinolone-resistance-determining-regions.

Viral Load Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Saliva in Korean Patients: a Prospective Multi-center Comparative Study.

Background: This study was performed to compare the viral load and kinetics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in saliva with those in standard nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) swabs.

Methods: Fifteen patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection from four hospitals were prospectively enrolled and matched samples of nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs and saliva were collected at Day 1 of admission and every other day till consequently negative for two times. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) was performed to detect the envelope (E) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) genes.

Highly oxygenated angucycline from Streptomyces sp. KCB15JA014.

LC/MS-based chemical screening of culture extract led to a new highly oxygenated angucycline derivative, grecocycline D (1), from Streptomyces sp. KCB15JA014, isolated from a soil sample of Oedolgae in Jeju Island, Korea. The planar structure was determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques as well as HRESIMS and comparison with data from the literature.

Is the amount of carbon dioxide gas used in urologic laparoscopic surgeries associated with postoperative pain?

Purpose: We measured how much CO gas was used in urologic laparoscopic surgeries and studied whether the amount of gas was associated with postoperative pain.

Materials And Methods: Four hundred sixty-three patients underwent urologic laparoscopic surgeries by a single surgeon. All surgeries were performed by a transperitoneal approach under a 15-mm Hg pneumoperitoneum using CO gas.

Viral kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic carriers and presymptomatic patients.

From a total of 71 laboratory-confirmed cases, three presymptomatic patients and 10 patients with entirely asymptomatic infections were identified. In two of the three incubation period patients, the viral titer in the presymptomatic period was very high (Ct value<20). The median number of days to first negative RT-PCR in the asymptomatic carriers was 4.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for complications of candidaemia in adults: Focus on endophthalmitis, endocarditis, and osteoarticular infections.

Objectives: This study evaluated the incidence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of complications of candidaemia in adults, with a focus on endophthalmitis, endocarditis, and osteoarticular infections.

Methods: All patients ≥18 years old with candidaemia in two Korean tertiary hospitals from 2007 to 2016 were investigated. Complications of candidaemia were defined as the presence of endophthalmitis, endocarditis, or osteoarticular infections documented in patients with candidaemia.