Dry Eye Syndrome in Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of dry eye syndrome (DES) in children under 18 years old before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using nationwide population-based cohort analysis.

Methods: This study utilized the database provided by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency and the Korean National Health Insurance Service. We used claims-based data for patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between October 8, 2020, and December 31, 2021, and those without a diagnosis of COVID-19.

Herpesviral Keratitis Following COVID-19 Vaccination: Analysis of NHIS Database in Korea.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of herpesviral keratitis associated with 4 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines approved in South Korea, using large-scale data from the National Health Insurance Service.

Methods: The study included 8,528,254 individuals, with cohorts categorized based on COVID-19 vaccination status. Two investigations were conducted: The first aimed to assess the risk of new-onset herpesviral keratitis while the second study focused on the risk of relapse in individuals with a preexisting diagnosis.

The effects of self-video feedback on the eyedrop instillation techniques of glaucoma patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of instillation technique education using self-video feedback in glaucoma patients.

Methods: Sixty-two patients who self-instilled glaucoma eyedrops were randomly assigned to the self-video feedback and control groups according to the block randomization. Each group of the patient was asked to instill eyedrops, and videos were recorded.

Bidirectional Association Between Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Glaucoma: A Cohort Study.

Objectives: To investigate the bidirectional association between sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) over a 12-year follow-up period using nationwide, population-based data.

Methods: The study was conducted using the National Health Information Database of the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS-NHID), which covered 3.5 million individuals from 2008 to 2019.

Methodology and Rationale for Ophthalmic Examinations in the Seventh and Eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2017-2021).

This report provides a detailed description of the methodology for ophthalmic examinations according to the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) VII and VIII (from 2017 to 2021). The KNHANES is a nationwide survey which has been performed since 1998 in representatives of whole Korean population. During the KNHANES VII and VIII, in addition to the ophthalmic questionnaire, intraocular pressure measurement, visual field test, auto refractometry, axial length and optical coherence tomography measurements were included.

The effects of peripheral anterior synechiae on refractive outcomes after cataract surgery in eyes with primary angle-closure disease.

Objective of the study was to investigate the effects of peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) on refractive outcomes after cataract surgery in eyes with primary angle-closure disease (PACD).This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study. Seventy eyes of 70 PACD patients who underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation.

Retinal vessel diameter in bilateral glaucoma suspects: comparison between the eye converted to glaucoma and the contralateral non-converted eye.

Purpose: To investigate retinal vessel diameter in patients classified as bilateral glaucoma suspects who showed unilateral glaucomatous conversion.

Methods: This retrospective study included 21 patients who had initially been diagnosed as bilateral glaucoma suspects but showed unilateral glaucomatous conversion during a follow-up period of more than 2 years. Conversion to glaucoma was determined either by documentation of a new retinal nerve fiber layer defect on red-free photography or a reproducible glaucomatous visual field defect.

Twenty-four-hour efficacy of preservative-free tafluprost for open-angle glaucoma patients, assessed by home intraocular pressure (Icare-ONE) and blood-pressure monitoring.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of preservative-free (PF) tafluprost on diurnal variation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), measured by use of home IOP and blood-pressure (BP) monitoring devices, for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients.

Methods: Twenty-two eyes from 22 patients with POAG were studied. Initially, IOP was measured at the hospital by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and Icare-ONE rebound tonometry.

Head position and intraocular pressure in the lateral decubitus position.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of different head positions in the lateral decubitus posture on intraocular pressure (IOP).

Methods: Seventeen healthy Korean subjects were included in this prospective observational study. Intraocular pressure measurements were taken with the subjects in the sitting position and the recumbent positions including supine, right lateral decubitus, and left lateral decubitus positions.

Retinal vessel diameter in normal-tension glaucoma patients with asymmetric progression.

Purpose: To investigate the longitudinal changes in the central retinal vessel diameter in asymmetric progressive normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients.

Methods: This study included 27 patients with bilateral NTG without any systemic vascular disease who showed glaucomatous progression in one eye at the mean follow-up of 24.3 months (range, 18-29 months).

Effects of different sleeping postures on intraocular pressure and ocular perfusion pressure in healthy young subjects.

Objective: To investigate the effects of different sleeping positions of head and body on intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) in healthy, young subjects.

Design: Prospective, comparative case series.

Participants: Twenty healthy young Korean subjects.

Clinical characteristics and treatment of blow-out fracture accompanied by canalicular laceration.

Backgrounds: Blow-out fracture and canalicular laceration can occur simultaneously as a result of the same trauma. Despite its importance, little research has been conducted to identify clinical characteristics or surgical techniques for repair of a blow-out fracture accompanied by canalicular laceration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics, the surgical approach, and the outcomes.

Postoperative changes in spatial localization following exotropia surgery.

Purpose: To measure changes in spatial localization following exotropia surgery using a computer touch-screen method of measurement.

Methods: Enrolled in the study were 60 exotropia patients, all of whom had undergone corrective muscle surgeries under general anesthesia: 37 patients had undergone unilateral lateral rectus or bilateral lateral rectus muscle recession procedures (recession group) and 23 patients had undergone unilateral lateral and medial rectus muscle resection (R&R), or unilateral medial rectus resection only (resection group). We evaluated spatial localization by having patients point to targets on a computer touch-screen before surgery, and 1 day and 1 month after surgery.

Accommodative and tonic convergence and anatomical contracture in partially accommodative and non-accommodative esotropia.

Purpose: To compare accommodative convergence, tonic convergence, and anatomical contracture quantitatively in partially accommodative esotropia vs non-accommodative esotropia.

Methods: Patients with an esotropia who had undergone surgery under general anaesthesia were evaluated. They were divided into two groups: 17 patients had partially accommodative esotropia and 15 patients had non-accommodative esotropia (basic esotropia).

Contemplation of the surgical normogram of lateral rectus recession for exotropia associated with superior oblique palsy.

Purpose: To suggest a surgical normogram for lateral rectus recession in exotropia associated with unilateral or bilateral superior oblique muscle palsy (SOP).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 71 patients with exotropia who were successfully corrected over one year. Each patient had undergone unilateral or bilateral rectus recession associated with uni- or bilateral inferior oblique (IO) 14 mm recession, using a modified surgical normogram for lateral rectus (LR) recession, which resulted in 1 to 2 mm of reduction of LR recession.

Change in brow position after upper blepharoplasty or levator advancement.

Brow position after blepharoplasty is somewhat controversial. Some authors insist that brow position remains unchanged after surgery. On the other hand, there is also an opinion that brow position changes after surgery.

Second intention healing after shave excision of benign tumors on the lid margin.

Background: Defects caused by excision of benign lid margin tumors are conventionally repaired by reconstructive surgery. However, second intention healing is another option for managing wounds on the lid margin.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of second intention healing after a shave excision of benign tumors on the lid margin.

Dissociated horizontal deviation after traumatic brain injury.

A 4-year-old boy visited the hospital with exotropia after brain hemorrhage caused by trauma. He had undergone decompressive craniectomy and cranioplasty 18 months prior to presentation at our hospital. An alternate prism cover test showed more than 50 prism diopters (PD) of left exotropia when he was fixing with the right eye and 30 PD of right exotropia when he was fixing with the left eye at near and far distance.