Real-world comparison between mechanical and manual cardiopulmonary resuscitation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, including an increase in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA). Healthcare providers are now required to use personal protective equipment (PPE) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Additionally, mechanical CPR devices have been introduced to reduce the number of personnel required for resuscitation.

CO Curing Efficiency for Cement Paste and Mortars Produced by a Low Water-to-Cement Ratio.

Curing by CO is a way to utilize CO to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Placing early-age cement paste in a CO chamber or pressure vessel accelerates its strength development. Cement carbonation is attributed to the quickened strength development, and CO uptake can be quantitatively evaluated by measuring CO gas pressure loss in the pressure vessel.

Alkali-Activated Slag Paste with Different Mixing Water: A Comparison Study of Early-Age Paste Using Electrical Resistivity.

This paper reports the electrical resistivity measurements on KOH-activated ground-granulated blast-furnace slag, which was mixed with deionized water or natural seawater at three different activator-to-binder ratios (0.4, 0.45, and 0.

Polyozellin alleviates atopic dermatitis-like inflammatory and pruritic responses in activated keratinocytes and mast cells.

Polyozellus multiplex is an edible mushroom that offers beneficial pharmacological effects against intestinal inflammation and cancer. Previous studies have demonstrated that polyozellin, a major component of P. multiplex, has therapeutic activities against inflammation, cancer, and oxidative stress-related disorders.

Prunus serrulata var. spontanea inhibits mast cell activation and mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: A promising approach to treat a variety of diseases are considered as complementary and alternative herbal medicines. Prunus serrulata var. spontanea L.

Effects of CO Curing on Alkali-Activated Slag Paste Cured in Different Curing Conditions.

The effect of CO curing on alkali-activated slag paste activated by a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions is reported in this paper. The paste samples after demolding were cured in three different curing environments as follows: (1) environmental chamber maintained at 85% relative humidity (RH) and 25 °C; (2) 3-bar CO pressure vessel; and (3) CO chamber maintained at 20% CO concentration, 70% RH and 25 °C. The hardened samples were then subjected to compressive strength measurement, X-ray diffraction analysis, and thermogravimetry.

Gomisin M2 Inhibits Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Inflammation Attenuation of FcεRI-Mediated Lyn and Fyn Activation and Intracellular Calcium Levels.

Mast cells are effector cells that induce allergic inflammation by secreting inflammatory mediators. Gomisin M2 (G.M2) is a lignan isolated from (Turcz).

Inhibitory effect of ethanol extract of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata rhizomes on atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Extracts from various parts of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata has been used as anti-inflammatory agents in Asian folk medicine.

Aim Of The Study: To demonstrate the medicinal effect of the A. brevipedunculata in skin inflammation, specifically atopic dermatitis (AD).

Nothofagin suppresses mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation.

Mast cells play a major role in immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic inflammation, which is involved in asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis. Nothofagin has been shown to ameliorate various inflammatory responses such as the septic response and vascular inflammation. In this study, we assessed the inhibitory effect of nothofagin on allergic inflammation using cultured/isolated mast cells and an anaphylaxis mouse model.

Elaeocarpusin Inhibits Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Inflammation.

Mast cells are major effector cells for allergic responses that act by releasing inflammatory mediators, such as histamine and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Accordingly, different strategies have been pursued to develop anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory candidates by regulating the function of mast cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of elaeocarpusin (EL) on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation.

Esculetin from Fraxinus rhynchophylla attenuates atopic skin inflammation by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder afflicting from infancy to adults with itching, scratching, and lichenification. We aimed to investigate the effects of esculetin from Fraxinus rhynchophylla on atopic skin inflammation. For induction of atopic skin inflammation, we exposed the ears of female BALB/c mice to house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae extract, DFE) and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) for 4 weeks.

Can clinical scoring systems improve the diagnostic accuracy in patients with suspected adult appendicitis and equivocal preoperative computed tomography findings?

Objective: Adult appendicitis (AA) with equivocal computed tomography (CT) findings remains a diagnostic challenge for physicians. Herein we evaluated the diagnostic performance of several clinical scoring systems in adult patients with suspected appendicitis and equivocal CT findings.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 189 adult patients with equivocal CT findings.

Anti‑inflammatory effect of Amomum xanthioides in a mouse atopic dermatitis model.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disorder. The present study investigated the effects of Amomum xanthioides extract (AXE) on AD‑like skin inflammation using a Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DFE) and 2,4‑dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)‑induced mouse AD model. Hematoxylin and eosin staining results demonstrated that repeated DFE/DNCB exposure markedly increased the thickening of the dermis and epidermis, in addition to the infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells.

Tyrosol attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting the inflammatory response and maintaining the alveolar capillary barrier.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular permeability because of alveolar capillary barrier dysfunction and increased immune responses. This study determined the anti-inflammatory effect of tyrosol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI and its underlying mechanisms of action. BALB/c mice were orally administered with tyrosol (0.

Diospyros kaki calyx inhibits immediate-type hypersensitivity via the reduction of mast cell activation.

Context: Diospyros kaki L. (Ebenaceae) fruit is widely distributed in Asia and is known to exert anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effects.

Objective: We evaluated the inhibitory effect of aqueous extract of D.

Suppressive effect of an aqueous extract of Diospyros kaki calyx on dust mite extract/2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease, affecting 10-20% of individuals worldwide. Therefore, the discovery of drugs for treating AD is an attractive subject and important to human health. Diospyros kaki and Diospyros kaki (D.

Anti-inflammatory effects of ursolic acid-3-acetate on human synovial fibroblasts and a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis.

Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, is a common natural substance known to be effective in the treatment of inflammation, oxidative stress, and ulcers in arthritis. This study examined the effects of ursolic acid-3-acetate (UAA), a derivative of UA, on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and verified the underlying mechanism of action by using a type-II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice model and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated RA synovial fibroblasts. The oral administration of UAA showed a decrease in clinical arthritis symptoms, paw thickness, histologic and radiologic changes, and serum IgG1 and IgG2a levels.

Synthesis of Gallic Acid Analogs as Histamine and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Inhibitors for Treatment of Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Inflammation.

Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), is a natural product found in various foods and herbs that are well known as powerful antioxidants. Our previous report demonstrated that it inhibits mast cell-derived inflammatory allergic reactions by blocking histamine release and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. In this report, various amide analogs of gallic acid have been synthesized by introducing different amines through carbodiimide-mediated amide coupling and Pd/C-catalyzed hydrogenation.

Does the use of bedside ultrasonography reduce emergency department length of stay for patients with renal colic?: a pilot study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding bedside ultrasonography to the diagnostic algorithm for nephrolithiasis on emergency department (ED) length of stay.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled pilot study was conducted from October 2014 to December 2014 with patients with acute flank pain. In the non-ultrasonography group (NUSG), non-contrast computed tomography was selected based on clinical features and hematuria in the urinalysis.

2-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid attenuates mast cell-mediated allergic reaction in mice via modulation of the FcεRI signaling pathway.

Mast cells are important effector cells in immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated allergic reactions such as asthma, atopic dermatitis and rhinitis. Vanillic acid, a natural product, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In the present study, we investigated the anti-allergic inflammatory effects of ortho-vanillic acid (2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid, o-VA) that was a derivative of vanillic acid isolated from Amomum xanthioides.

Association between perfluorooctanoic acid exposure and degranulation of mast cells in allergic inflammation.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has wide applications, including as a raw material for converted paper and packaging products. With the widespread use of PFOA, concerns regarding its potential environmental and health impacts have increased. In spite of the known hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity of PFOA, correlation with PFOA and allergic inflammation is not well known.

Oleanolic acid acetate inhibits rheumatoid arthritis by modulating T cell immune responses and matrix-degrading enzymes.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with a combination of synovium joint inflammation, synovium hyperplasia, and destruction of cartilage and bone. Oleanolic acid acetate (OAA), a compound isolated from Vigna angularis, has been known to possess pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation and anti-bone destruction. In this study, we investigated the effects of OAA on RA and the underlying mechanisms of action by using a type-II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated RA synovial fibroblasts.

Anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract of Pogostemon cablin.

Allergic disease is caused by exposure to normally innocuous substances that activate mast cells. Mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation is closely related to a number of allergic disorders, such as anaphylaxis, allergic rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis. The discovery of drugs for treating allergic disease is an interesting subject and important to human health.

Evaluation of a novel simulation method of teaching B-lines: hand ultrasound with a wet foam dressing material.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching A- and B-lines, and lung sliding with a novel simulation methods using hand ultrasound.

Methods: All subjects enrolled were medical school students who were novices in lung ultrasound. All subjects attended a 20-minute lecture about lung ultrasound using simulated video clips of A-lines, B-lines, and lung sliding; and then a 20-minute post-test was administered.