The Relationship Between Preoperative Vitamin D Levels and Keloid Recurrence.

Background: Keloids, characterized by excessive collagen deposition, often recur despite various treatments. This study explores the association between preoperative serum vitamin D levels and keloid recurrence in a Korean population.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 160 patients who underwent keloid excision was analyzed.

A Comparative Analysis of Postoperative Single Fraction of 9.5 Gy Versus 10 Gy for Ear Keloids.

Background: The optimal radiotherapy doses for postoperative treatment of ear keloids are currently a topic of debate.

Objective: The authors compared the efficacy of 9.5-Gy and 10-Gy single-fraction electron beam radiation therapy after surgical excision and evaluated the impact of radiation timing on outcomes.

Recurrent Auricular Keloid After Childbirth in a Patient With von Willebrand Disease.

The authors present a case of a 34-year-old female patient with von Willebrand disease who developed a recurrent right auricular keloid after childbirth. The patient had previously undergone surgical excision of the keloid in 2017, which led to the diagnosis of von Willebrand disease due to uncontrolled bleeding. After a successful pregnancy in 2023, the patient experienced keloid recurrence.

How to Safely Use the Perforator-based Keystone Island Flap in the Scalp: Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Scalp With Local Invasion to Calvarium.

Scalp reconstruction has always been a challenging problem for even the most experienced surgeon to provide good aesthetic and functional results. This is mainly because the scalp is less mobile and tight, requiring a much larger dissection for the size of the original defect. We hypothesized that the omega variant perforator-based keystone island flap at the subgaleal plane provides a versatile and easily reproducible reconstructive option for scalp reconstruction after wide skin cancer excision.

Is Gillies Temporal Incision Necessary to Successfully Reduce Zygomaticomaxillary Fracture Combined With Orbital Wall Fracture?

Gillies temporal approach has been widely used to reduce zygoma fractures. Traditionally, it is the preferred method to reduce the isolated zygomatic arch fracture. It can be combined with other approaches, such as subciliary and intraoral incisions for more complex zygomatic fractures, so-called tripod fractures.

Subdural Empyema from Streptococcus suis Infection, South Korea.

In Jeju Island, South Korea, a patient who consumed raw pig products had subdural empyema, which led to meningitis, sepsis, and status epilepticus. We identified Streptococcus suis from blood and the subdural empyema. This case illustrates the importance of considering dietary habits in similar clinical assessments to prevent misdiagnosis.

How to Reduce Inferomedial Orbital Wall Fracture Using a Navigation System: Tips and Pearls.

The orbit is a confined space with a defined bony structure. Bony protrusion into the ethmoid or maxillary sinuses by the blowout fracture can displace orbital tissues, including rectus muscles and adjacent fascial septae. Especially, reconstructing the orbit's floor and medial wall can be challenging when the inferomedial strut or posterior bony ledge is affected, leading to a loss of critical anatomic landmarks and support.

Efficacy of Immediate Postoperative Single Fractional 10 Gy Radiotherapy for Earlobe Keloids.

Background: The ear is a common site for keloid formation, typically due to ear piercing or trauma. Auricular keloids are always difficult to treat and pose a challenging situation. The purpose of this study is to present our experience treating earlobe keloids through complete surgical excision followed by immediate postoperative single fraction 10 Gy radiation therapy either on the same day or the next day.

Mechanical Ptosis by Medial Upper Eyelid Fat Prolapse.

Common symptoms of medial fat pad prolapse may include a noticeable bulge in the inner corner of the upper eyelid, puffiness, and a tired or aged appearance. In some cases, this condition may contribute to mechanical ptosis. However, mechanical ptosis caused by medial upper eyelid fat prolapse has not been reported previously.

Genome-wide association analyses using machine learning-based phenotyping reveal genetic architecture of occupational creativity and overlap with psychiatric disorders.

Creativity is known to be heritable and exhibits familial aggregation with psychiatric disorders; however, the complex nature of their relationship has not been well-established. In the present study, we demonstrate that using an expanded and validated machine learning (ML)-based phenotyping of occupational creativity (OC) can allow us to further understand the trait of creativity, which was previously difficult to define and study. We conducted the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) on OC with 241,736 participants from the UK Biobank and identified 25 lead variants that have not yet been reported and three candidate causal genes that were previously associated with educational attainment and psychiatric disorders.

The Versatility of Keystone Flaps for Skin Cancer Reconstruction of the Nose.

Nasal reconstruction has been a challenging problem for even the most experienced surgeon to provide excellent esthetic and functional outcomes. Although the bilobed flap offers distinct advantages for reconstructing these defects using an adjacent tissue with similar esthetic qualities, this flap has several potential limitations. The authors hypothesized that the conventional keystone flap and its variants provide a versatile and easily reproducible reconstructive option for nasal reconstruction after wide skin cancer excision.

Successful Reduction of Unilateral Zygoma Fracture Following Bilateral Malar Reduction Surgery.

Malar reduction surgery can increase its susceptibility to fractures in case of trauma. Patients who had malar reduction surgery and sustained a zygoma fracture pose unique challenges for treatment and management. This is a case of a 28-year-old female patient who presented with a unilateral zygoma fracture following bilateral malar reduction and augmentation rhinoplasty 6 years ago.

Survival and Malignant Transformation of Pineal Parenchymal Tumors: A 30-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Single-Institution.

Background: This study aims to elucidate clinical features, therapeutic strategies, and prognosis of pineal parenchymal tumors (PPT) by analyzing a 30-year dataset of a single institution.

Methods: We reviewed data from 43 patients diagnosed with PPT at Seoul National University Hospital between 1990 and 2020. We performed survival analyses and assessed prognostic factors.

Myelomeningocele Defects Reconstruction With Various Types of Keystone Flaps: An Algorithmic Approach Based on Defect Shape.

The keystone flap has become an established option that has been utilized recently to close significant myelomeningocele defects. Although the keystone flaps can be adapted to repair myelomeningocele defects of different sizes, the shape of the defect is also an essential factor to consider. In this study, the authors proposed an algorithmic approach for reconstructing significant meningomyelocele defects utilizing different types of keystone flaps based on the shape of the resulting defect.

Outcomes of omega variant keystone flap in conjunction with single fraction radiotherapy for helical keloids: A comprehensive one-year follow-up study.

Background: Achieving esthetically pleasing results for helical keloids can be challenging. This study aims to share the results of a treatment approach for helical keloids, which involves complete excision and reconstruction using an omega variant keystone flap, followed by a single fractional radiotherapy.

Methods: The current study is a retrospective review of 25 helical keloids in 21 patients from May 2021 to March 2023.

A Triple Combination Therapy Using 2-mm Biopsy Punch for the Treatment of Multifocal Keloids.

Background: Keloid treatment is challenging. The surgical approach can be divided into complete excision versus partial excision.

Objective: The current study aims to introduce our novel surgical approach of partial excision using a 2-mm punch biopsy device to treat refractory multifocal keloids in the trunk.

One-piece Craniofacial Bone Fracture Reduction With an Additional Single Osteotomy at the Zygomaticomaxillary Buttress: A Successful Reduction of Frontoorbitozygomaticomaxillary Fracture Associated With a Temporoparietal Bone Fracture.

A frontoorbitozygomaticomaxillary fracture, also known as a complex midface fracture or "quadripod fracture," is a type of facial fracture involving multiple midface region bones. This includes the frontal bone (forehead), orbitozygomatic complex (which includes the zygomatic bone or cheekbone and the orbital bones around the eye), and the maxillary bone (upper jaw). These complex midface fractures associated with temporoparietal bone fractures can occur in clinical practice.

How to Enhance the Success of Selective Neurectomy for Facial Synkinesis by Considering the Patient's Preferences: Lesson Learned from a Retrospective Analysis of 122 Cases.

Background: Facial synkinesis can result in facial tightness, smile dysfunction, and eyelid aperture narrowing due to overactive and uncoordinated muscle activity. We hypothesized that the outcome of a selective neurectomy could rely on the patient's chief complaints.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 122 patients who underwent selective neurectomy at our hospital.

Perfecting the Outcome of Nasal Bone Fracture in the Pediatric Population With a Navigation System.

Background: The trend of using navigation systems for treating facial bone fractures is increasing. Nevertheless, any detailed recommendation on using a navigation system to treat nasal bone fracture has never been discussed. Plastic surgeons are prone to do closed reduction of nasal bone fractures with remnant posttraumatic edema in the pediatric population.

Fibrous hamartoma of infancy of the spinal cord resembling conus and filum, with a coexisting sacral dimple.

Fibrous hamartoma of infancy (FHI) is a rare benign soft tissue lesion of infants and young children. It usually occurs within the first 2 years of life at the superficial layer of the axilla, trunk, upper arm, and external genitalia. FHI in the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely rare.

The Usefulness of the Navigation System to Reconstruct Orbital Wall Fractures Involving Inferomedial Orbital Strut.

Background: Little attention has been paid to combined orbital floor and medial wall fractures with the involvement of the inferomedial orbital strut. Managing this particular fracture can prove challenging. However, various innovative techniques have been introduced to assist with the process.