Development of a leaf metabolite-based intact sample distinguishing algorithm for the three varieties of Panax Vietnamensis.

Panax vietnamensis, indigenous to Vietnam and southern China, is classified into three subspecies: Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. (PVV), Panax vietnamensis var. fuscidiscus (PVF), and Panax vietnamensis var.

The protective role of GPX4 in naïve ESCs is highlighted by induced ferroptosis resistance through GPX4 expression.

Ferroptosis, a form of oxidative cell death mediated by lipid peroxidation, is strictly regulated by glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Knockout of Gpx4 results in embryonic lethality, highlighting its essential role in development. In vitro, mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), which represent the naïve pluripotent state, require β-mercaptoethanol (bME) to prevent cell death, unlike human embryonic stem cells, which represent the primed state.

Functional Characterization of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Corazonin Signaling Systems in Pacific Abalone: Toward Reclassification of Invertebrate Neuropeptides.

Introduction: The proposed evolutionary origins and corresponding nomenclature of bilaterian gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-related neuropeptides have changed tremendously with the aid of receptor deorphanization. However, the reclassification of the GnRH and corazonin (CRZ) signaling systems in Lophotrochozoa remains unclear.

Methods: We characterized GnRH and CRZ receptors in the mollusk Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai (Hdh), by phylogenetic and gene expression analyses, bioluminescence-based reporter, Western blotting, substitution of peptide amino acids, in vivo neuropeptide injection, and RNA interference assays.

Controllable Synthesis of Carbon Yolk-Shell Microsphere and Application of Metal Compound-Carbon Yolk-Shell as Effective Anode Material for Alkali-Ion Batteries.

Recently, nanostructured carbon materials, such as hollow-, yolk-, and core-shell-configuration, have attracted attention in various fields owing to their unique physical and chemical properties. Among them, yolk-shell structured carbon is considered as a noteworthy material for energy storage due to its fast electron transfer, structural robustness, and plentiful active reaction sites. However, the difficulty of the synthesis for controllable carbon yolk-shell has been raised as a limitation.

Metabolic and Cardiovascular Benefits of Apple and Apple-Derived Products: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Quantitative evidence of the metabolic and cardiovascular effects of apples () is lacking in interventional studies. This study aimed to summarize the available evidence of the beneficial effects of apples and apple-derived products (ADPs) on metabolic and cardiovascular markers.

Methods: Peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from four databases on May 3, 2021 and regularly updated until the end of May 2021.

Ovarian transcriptome profiles associated with sexual maturation in Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai).

Background: There is now abundant information on genes involved in molluscan oogenesis and their associations with ovarian development. However, few studies have investigated the ovarian transcriptome of Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai).

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify genes related to ovarian development and maturation in Pacific abalone utilizing RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and to verify the genes most relevant to different stages of maturation.

Expression profile and reproductive regulation of APGWamide in Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai).

Neuropeptides in the central nervous system regulate reproductive activities in vertebrates. Ala-Pro-Gly-Trp-NH (APGWamide), a neuromediator expressed in the neural ganglia of mollusks, controls sexual maturation and reproduction. To clarify the role of APGWamide in sexual behavior regulation and gamete cell maturation in mollusks, we cloned the cDNA of APGWamide precursor (Hdh-APGWamide) and examined the spatiotemporal expression of the transcript in the Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai.

Alternative Splicing Profile and Sex-Preferential Gene Expression in the Female and Male Pacific Abalone Haliotis discus hannai.

In order to characterize the female or male transcriptome of the Pacific abalone and further increase genomic resources, we sequenced the mRNA of full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries derived from pooled tissues of female and male by employing the Iso-Seq protocol of the PacBio RSII platform. We successfully assembled whole full-length cDNA sequences and constructed a transcriptome database that included isoform information. After clustering, a total of 15,110 and 12,145 genes that coded for proteins were identified in female and male abalones, respectively.

Changes of Sexual Behaviors in Rapamycin-injected Cichlid Fish Males.

Cichlid fish species exhibit characteristic sexual behaviors according to not only reproductive stages but also social status. In a reproductive season, males compete for females and a small number of dominant winners finally obtain the chance of spermiation. In addition to the characteristic behaviors, the dominant males have relatively bigger gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1) neurons in the preoptic area (POA) of brain compared to those of subordinate males.