Surface Functionalization of 3D-Printed Scaffolds with Seed-Assisted Hydrothermally Grown ZnO Nanoarrays for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Bioactive metal-based nanostructures, particularly zinc oxide (ZnO), are promising materials for bone tissue engineering. However, integrating them into 3D-printed polymers using traditional blending methods reduces the cell performance. Alternative surface deposition techniques often require extreme conditions that are unsuitable for polymers.

Identification of CaAN3 as a fruit-specific regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis in pepper (Capsicum annuum).

The novel gene CaAN3 encodes an R2R3 MYB transcription factor that regulates fruit-specific anthocyanin accumulation. The key regulatory gene CaAN2 encodes an R2R3 MYB transcription factor that regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in various tissues in pepper (Capsicum annuum). However, CaAN2 is not expressed in certain pepper accessions showing fruit-specific anthocyanin accumulation.

Highly Efficient and Stable Iridium Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts Based on Porous Nickel Nanotube Template Enabling Tandem Devices with Solar-to-Hydrogen Conversion Efficiency Exceeding 10.

Ir is one of the most efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts; however, it is also one of the rarest and most expensive elements. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop Ir catalysts with nanostructures that reduce Ir consumption by maximizing the surface-to-volume ratio without limiting the mass transport of reactants and products of reactions. Ir OER catalysts on a template that consisted of porous nanotubes (PNTs) based on Ni are fabricated.

Fine Mapping and Candidate Gene Identification for the Locus Controlling Fruit Orientation in Pepper ( spp.).

The orientation of fruits is a distinguishing morphological feature of pepper ( spp.) varieties. The pendent (downward curved) growth of the fruit stalks, known as pedicels, is highly correlated with fruit weight and pedicel length.

Novel positive allosteric modulator of protease-activated receptor 1 promotes skin wound healing in hairless mice.

Background And Purpose: Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is a GPCR expressed in several skin cell types, including keratinocyte and dermal fibroblast. PAR1 activation plays a crucial role in the process of skin wound healing such as thrombosis, inflammation, proliferation and tissue repair. In the present study, we identified a novel positive allosteric modulator of PAR1, GB83, and investigated its effect on skin wound healing.

Phelligridin D maintains the function of periodontal ligament cells through autophagy in glucose-induced oxidative stress.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate whether phelligridin D could reduce glucose-induced oxidative stress, attenuate the resulting inflammatory response, and restore the function of human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs).

Methods: Primary HPDLCs were isolated from healthy human teeth and cultured. To investigate the effect of phelligridin D on glucose-induced oxidative stress, HPDLCs were treated with phelligridin D, various concentrations of glucose, and glucose oxidase.

Diversity-oriented generation and biological evaluation of new chemical scaffolds bearing a 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene unit: Discovery of novel potent ANO1 inhibitors.

Chemical territory bearing a 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene motif was expanded by utilizing an o-hydroxy aldehyde group of 5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene-6-carbaldehyde as a synthetic handle to install distinctive morphology and functionality of each scaffold. Cell based assays and in silico docking analysis led us to discover that these new compounds exhibit inhibitory effect on anoctamin1 (ANO1). ANO1 is amplified and highly expressed in various carcinomas including prostate cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, and pancreatic cancer.

Effects of different silica-based layer coatings on bond strength of Y-TZP to bovine dentin.

This study investigated the effects of different silica-based layer coatings on shear bond strength (SBS) between Y-TZP and bovine dentin. Three different silica-based layer coatings were applied to the Y-TZP surface: tribochemical silica coating, vitrification (glaze coating), and composite resin sintering. A silane coupling agent (SIL) was applied to the silica-coated Y-TZP surface in the presence or absence of hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment.

High efficiency Si quantum dot heterojunction solar cells using a single SiO:B layer.

Si quantum dots (QDs) have been fabricated from SiO/SiO multilayer structures to create a homogeneous size. However, this structure achieved much lower efficiencies than would be expected in the Si QD photovoltaic field. This is because Si QD generation and photoexcited carrier transport is restricted by the adjacent SiO layer.

Wearable transparent thermal sensors and heaters based on metal-plated fibers and nanowires.

Electrospun metal-plated nanofibers and supersonically sprayed nanowires were used to fabricate hybrid films exhibiting a superior low sheet resistance of 0.18 Ω sq-1, a transparency of 91.1%, and a figure-of-merit of 2.

Packing of metalized polymer nanofibers for aneurysm embolization.

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is the extravasation of blood into the subarachnoid space and is fatal in most cases. Platinum coils have been used to fill the hemorrhage site and prevent the extravasation of blood. Here we explored the use of Pt-coated polymer nanofibers (NF) to prevent blood extravasation and were able to achieve improved results in vitro.

Self-Cleaning Anticondensing Glass via Supersonic Spraying of Silver Nanowires, Silica, and Polystyrene Nanoparticles.

We have sequentially deposited layers of silver nanowires (AgNWs), silicon dioxide (SiO) nanoparticles, and polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles on uncoated glass by a rapid low-cost supersonic spraying method to create antifrosting, anticondensation, and self-cleaning glass. The conductive silver nanowire network embedded in the coating allows electrical heating of the glass surface. Supersonic spraying is a single-step coating technique that does not require vacuum.

Ultrathin and Flat Layer Black Phosphorus Fabricated by Reactive Oxygen and Water Rinse.

Ultrathin black phosphorus (BP) is one of the promising two-dimensional (2D) materials for future optoelectronic devices. Its chemical instability in ambient conditions and lack of a bottom-up approach for its synthesis necessitate efficient etching methods that generate BP films of designed thickness with stable and high-quality surfaces. Herein, reporting a photochemical etching method, we demonstrate a controlled layer-by-layer thinning of thick BP films down to a few layers or a single layer and confirm their Raman and photoluminescence characteristics.

Friction and conductance imaging of sp(2)- and sp(3)-hybridized subdomains on single-layer graphene oxide.

We investigated the subdomain structures of single-layer graphene oxide (GO) by characterizing local friction and conductance using conductive atomic force microscopy. Friction and conductance mapping showed that a single-layer GO flake has subdomains several tens to a few hundreds of nanometers in lateral size. The GO subdomains exhibited low friction (high conductance) in the sp(2)-rich phase and high friction (low conductance) in the sp(3)-rich phase.

Photovoltaic Performance and Interface Behaviors of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells with a Sputtered-Zn(O,S) Buffer Layer by High-Temperature Annealing.

We selected a sputtered-Zn(O,S) film as a buffer material and fabricated a Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cell for use in monolithic tandem solar cells. A thermally stable buffer layer was required because it should withstand heat treatment during processing of top cell. Postannealing treatment was performed on a CIGS solar cell in vacuum at temperatures from 300-500 °C to examine its thermal stability.

The antioxidant property of pachymic acid improves bone disturbance against AH plus-induced inflammation in MC-3T3 E1 cells.

Introduction: The cytotoxicity of resin-based sealer is influential on the inflammatory reaction and cell survival for oral periapical cells. In this study, pachymic acid as an antioxidant was investigated for the improvement of bone disturbance against AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany)-induced inflammation in MC-3T3 E1 cells.

Methods: AH Plus was prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Order-disorder transition in the molecular orientation during initial growth of organic thin film.

We report on the identification of molecular orientation and its order-disorder transition during the initial growth of 1,3-bis(N-carbazolyl)benzene (mCP) thin films on a highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface by using photoelectron spectroscopy (PES). Theoretical PES amplitudes using a quantum mechanical calculation that adapts independent atomic center approximation (IAC) were calculated to compare with experimental observations. At low coverage, an equilibrium orientation of isolated adsorbate was estimated.

PPARγ inhibits inflammation and RANKL expression in epoxy resin-based sealer-induced osteoblast precursor cells E1 cells.

Objectives: The AH26 of epoxy resin-based sealer is used widely owing to its excellent physical characteristics but it induces oxidative stress and cytotoxicity at the periapical tissues. AH26 exhibited cytotoxicity towards MC-3T3-E1 cells, which resulted in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) has an anti-inflammatory effect in several tissue and cells, but its action of AH26-related inflammation is not completely understood.

Attenuation of AH26-induced apoptosis by inhibition of SAPK/JNK pathway in MC-3T3 E1 cells.

Introduction: The cytotoxicity of AH26, a resin-based sealer, induces apoptosis in osteoblast cells. However, the apoptosis pathway is not completely understood. This study examined the apoptosis pathway and its regulation of AH26 through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs), which may play a role in reducing the cytotoxicity of AH26.

Degeneration speed of corticospinal tract in patients with cerebral infarct.

Objectives: Diffusion tensor image tractography (DTT) could be useful for exploring the state of the corticospinal tract (CST) at the level of the subcortical white matter. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the speed of degeneration of the CST in patients with cerebral infarct, using DTT.

Design: Two patients with middle cerebral artery territory infarct were recruited for this study.