Association of Hand Grip Strength and Physical Fitness Parameters in Middle-Aged and Older Korean Men.

The purpose of this study was to assess whether hand grip strength (HGS) could be an effective indicator to estimate other physical fitness parameters in middle-aged and older men using large population data. Data for this study were obtained from the National Fitness Center operated by the Korea Institute of Sport Science (n = 429 572). The following were excluded from this study: women aged 44 years or younger (n = 238 257), repeated measurement data (n = 130 466), and errors or missing data (n = 6 497).

Assessing the Risk of Normal Weight Obesity in Korean Women across Generations: A Study on Body Composition and Physical Fitness.

Normal weight obesity (NWO) refers to a condition in which the body mass index falls within the normal range, but the percent of body fat is excessive. Although there are reports of a high prevalence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in NWO, analyses regarding physical fitness have been lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the age-related prevalence of NWO and to examine physical fitness across generations.

Effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and both sides up ball exercise on pain level, range of motion, muscle function after total knee arthroplasty.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease caused tearing and progressive wear of articular cartilage, and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is recommended to patients with OA. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and both sides up ball (BOSU) exercises on pain, range of motion (ROM), and muscle function in patients following TKA. Ten participants who have limitation of the knee joint from TKA were divided into two groups: the continuous passive motion (CPM)+PNF exercise group (n=5) and the CPM+BOUS exercise group (n=5).

The role of walking exercise on axonal regrowth and neuropathic pain markers in dorsal root ganglion after sciatic nerve injury.

The aim of this study was to determine whether walking exercise can regulate the expression level of neuropathic pain- and inflammatory response markers in the ipsilateral lumbar 4 to 6 dorsal root ganglion neurons after sciatic nerve injury (SNI). The experimental rats were randomly divided into seven groups: the normal control group, sedentary groups for 3, 7, and, 14 days postinjury (dpi), and walking exercise groups for 3, 7, and 14 dpi. Western blot techniques were used to evaluate specific neuropathic pain- and cytokine markers and mechanical allodynia was confirmed by paw withdrawal test.

A comparative study on the reliability and validity of body composition results by impedance method measurement device.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the reliability and validity of the body composition results for each impedance device and use them as primary data for body composition research. Total of 58 participants, including 24 men and 34 women, were recruited. The correlation was analyzed by measuring two repetitive measurements for each device.

Effect of combined intervention of exercise and autologous bone marrow stromal cell transplantation on neurotrophic factors and pain-related cascades over time after sciatic nerve injury.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether combined inter-vention of treadmill exercise and bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) transplantation would affect the expression of neurotrophic factors in the sciatic nerve injury (SNI) and neuropathic pain-related cascades in ipsilateral lumbar 4-5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) during the early or late stage of sciatic nerve regeneration. The rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (CONT, n=6), sedentary group (SS, n=24), exercise group (SE, n=24), BMSC transplantation group (SB, n=24), BMSC transplantation+exercise group (SBE, n=24) 1, 2, 3, and 5 weeks after SNI. Single dose of 5×10 harvested BMSC was injected into the injury area sing by a 30 gauge needle.

Effect of concurrent aerobic exercise and bone marrow stromal cell transplantation on time-dependent changes of myogenic differentiation-related cascades in soleus muscle after sciatic nerve injury.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the time-dependent alteration in whether concurrent aerobic exercise and bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) engraftment could regulate myogenic differentiation-related signaling pathway in the soleus up to 35 days after sciatic nerve injury (SNI). The rats were divided as follows: the normal control (CON, n=5), sedentary group (SED, n=20), treadmill exercise group (TEX, n=20), BMSC transplantation group (BMSC, n=20), TEX+BMSC transplantation group (TEX+BMSC, n=20) 7, 14, 21, and 35 days after SNI. SNI was applied into the thigh and treadmill exercise was comprised of walking at a speed of 4 to 8 m/min for 30 min once a day.

Effect of resistance circuit training on health-related physical fitness, plasma lipid, and adiponectin in obese college students.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of resistance circuit training on health-related physical fitness, plasma lipid and adiponectin in obese college students. Twenty male college students participated in this study and they were randomly divided into the sedentary group (SG, n=10) and the resistance circuit training group (RCG, n=10). The exercise group underwent the resistance circuit training program for 60 min 3 times a week for 12 weeks, while the sedentary group continued activities of daily living as usual.

Correlation between physical efficiency index using Harvard step test and heart rate variation in college students.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between physical efficiency index (PEI) calculated by the Harvard step test and heart rate variation (HRV), and to identify parameters of HRV that can predict PEI in college students. Sixteen college students were participated in this study and they were randomly divided into two groups; higher PEI group (HPEI, n=6) and lower PEI group (LPEI, n=10). To investigate the relationship between PEI and HRV, we were measured HRV and Harvard step test.

The timing point of exercise intervention regulates neuropathic pain-related molecules in the ipsilateral dorsal root ganglion neurons after sciatic nerve injury.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the timing of tread-mill exercise application can control expression levels of neuropathic pain- and regeneration-related proteins in the ipsilateral lumbar 4 (L4) to 6 (L6) dorsal root ganglion cells (DRG) after sciatic nerve injury (SNI). The experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups: the normal control, SNI+sedentary (IS), exercise+SNI (EI), SNI+exercise (IE), exercise+SNI+exercise (EIE) groups. The rats in exercise groups per-formed treadmill exercise at a speed of 8 m/min for 30 min once a day during 14 days before and/or after SNI.

The relationship between driving distance and different types of contraction in core muscles in Korea elite female golfers.

Background: This study compared and examined the relationship between the concentric, eccentric, and isometric muscular contraction measurements that are commonly used to assess trunk strength and power, and the driving distance in elite female golfers. The purpose of this study was to utilize as a basis to evaluate the driving distance-related physical training program design and its efficacy.

Methods: Eighteen female golfers from A club in Gyeonggi province are recruited.

Effect of treadmill exercise and bone marrow stromal cell engraftment on activation of BDNF-ERK-CREB signaling pathway in the crushed sciatic nerve.

The effect of combined approach of exercise training and bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) engraftment on activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2)-cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway after sciatic nerve injury (SNI) was investigated. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into the normal control, nonexercise (NEX), exercise training (EX), BMSC transplantation (TP), and exercise training+BMSC transplantation (EX+TP) groups 4 weeks after SCI. Exercise training was carried out on the treadmill device at 5-10 m/min for 20 min for 4 weeks.

Effect of treadmill exercise combined with bone marrow stromal cell transplantation on atrophy-related signaling pathway in the denervated soleus muscle.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether combination of low-intensity exercise with bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) transplantation could regulate protein kinas B (Akt)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Wnt3a-β-catenin signaling pathways for prevention of soleus muscle atrophy after sciatic nerve injury (SNI). The experimental rats divided into 5 groups (n=10): normal control group, SNI+sedentary group (SED), SNI+low-intensity treadmill exercise group (TEX), SNI+BMSC transplantation group (BMSC), SNI+TEX+BMSC transplantation group (TEX+BMSC). Sciatic nerve crush injury was applied into the middle of thigh twice for 1 min and 30 sec at interval.

Effect of aqua walking exercise on knee joint angles, muscular strength, and visual analogue scale for patients with limited range of motion of the knee.

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of aqua walking exercise on the joint range of motion (ROM), muscular strength, and pain in patients who have limited knee ROM from surgery or joint fixation. Ten subjects were participated in this study and divided into two groups: continuous passive motion (CPM) therapy+walking exercise on dryland (CWD) and CPM+aqua walking exercise (CAW) groups. The repeated measures analysis of variance was used to verify the difference between the groups and the duration of the program.

In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Nobiletin on DRG Neurite Elongation and Axon Growth after Sciatic Nerve Injury.

Sciatic nerve injury (SNI) leads to sensory and motor dysfunctions. Nobiletin is a major component of polymethoxylated flavonoid extracted from citrus fruits. The role of nobiletin on sciatic nerve regeneration is still unclear.

The effect of limitation of joint motion range due to ankle taping on the evaluation of functional motion of high school Judo athletes.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ankle injury preventative C-tape on the ankle range of motion, Y-balance test (YBT), and functional movement screening (FMS) test in Judo athletes. Participants in this study were 15 male judo athletes in high school. The angle of the ankle joint, YBT, and FMS were examined with and without the application of C-tape on each athlete's dominant foot.

Effect of treadmill exercise on pain-related Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in dorsal root ganglion neurons at the early phase regeneration of the injured sciatic nerve.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether treadmill walking exercise can improve mechanical allodynia through regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons at the early stage of regeneration after sciatic nerve injury (SNI). The experimental rats were divided into seven groups: the normal control, sedentary groups for 3-, 7-, and 14-day post crush (dpc), and exercise group for 3, 7, and 14 dpc. The rats in exercise groups performed treadmill walking exercise at a speed of 8 m/min for 20 min once a day according to experiment duration.

Relationship between movement dysfunctions and sports injuries according to gender of youth soccer player.

The purpose of this study is to investigate relationship between movement dysfunctions and sports injuries according to gender of youth soccer player. Thirty-eight middle school soccer players participated in this study and they were divided into male (n=19) and female (n=19) groups. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and the Quadriceps-angle (Q-angle) during single-leg squat were analyzed for identifying imbalance and asymmetry of the body, and sports injury questionnaire was examined for 6 months after FMS test.

Treadmill exercise activates ATF3 and ERK1/2 downstream molecules to facilitate axonal regrowth after sciatic nerve injury.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of treadmill exer-cise on activating transcription factors such as activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) sig-naling pathway to facilitate axonal regrowth after sciatic nerve injury (SNI). The experimental rats divided into the normal control (n=10), sedentary groups for 7 (n=10) and 14 days (n=10) post crush, exercise group for 7 (n=10) and 14 days (n=10) post crush (dpc). The rats in ex-ercise groups run on treadmill device at a speed of 8 m/min for 20 min once a day according to exercise duration.

Study on physical fitness factors affecting race-class of Korea racing cyclists.

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the difference of isokinetic muscle functions, anaerobic capabilities, pedaling power and maximum strength according to race-class of Korea racing cyclists. The participants in this study were 57 racing cyclist candidates who graduated from the Korea racing school. One year after graduation, we confirmed race-class of candidates and they were divided into three groups: the first-class racer group (FC, n=14), second-class racer group (SC, n=29), third-class racer group (TC, n=14).

Comparison of maximum muscle strength and isokinetic knee and core muscle functions according to pedaling power difference of racing cyclist candidates.

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences of maximum muscle strength and isokinetic knee and core muscle functions according to pedaling power of racing cyclist candidate. Subjects for this study were 200 racing cyclist candidates and divided into four groups: top 10% peak power group (TPP, n=20), low 10% peak power group (LPP, n=20), top 10% average power group (TAP, n=20), and low 10% average power group (LAP, n=20). The maximum muscle strength was consisted of grip strength, bench press and squat measured by Ariel device, and isokinetic knee and core muscle functions were analyzed by Humac Norm device.

Combination of treadmill exercise with bone marrow stromal cells transplantation activates protein synthesis-related molecules in soleus muscle of the spinal cord injured rats.

The present study investigated whether treadmill exercise with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) transplantation increase expression level of protein synthesis-related molecules in the soleus muscle after spinal cord injury (SCI). The spinal cord contusion injury was performed at the T9-10 level using the impactor (10 g×25 mm). BMSCs were cultured from femur and tibia of 4-week-old rats and then transplanted directly into the lesion 1-week post injury.

The effect of a Janda-based stretching program range of motion, muscular strength, and pain in middle-aged women with self-reported muscular skeletal symptoms.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a stretching program, based on the Janda approach and compared with a static stretching program, on range of motion (ROM), muscle strength and pain. Subjects for this study were 11 middle-aged women with self-reported muscular skeletal symptoms. The subjects were randomly divided into six women as an experimental group (stretching based on Janda approach group, SJAG) and five women as the comparison group (traditional static stretching group, TSSG).

Effect of circuit training on body composition, physical fitness, and metabolic syndrome risk factors in obese female college students.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week circuit training program on health-related physical fitness and metabolic syndrome risk factors in obese female college students. Twenty subjects with over 30% of accumulated body fat voluntarily participated and were randomly allocated to the control group (n=10) or circuit training group (n=10). The circuit training program consisted of 10 types of resistance and aerobic exercise and was performed 3 times per week for 12 weeks.