Dental Considerations in Children with Inherited Bleeding Disorders and Inhibitors: A Systematic Review.

: This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of various hematological treatment protocols and local hemostatic measures in preventing oral bleeding and other complications during and after dental treatments in children with inherited bleeding disorders and inhibitors. : This study was registered in the PROSPERO database. The comprehensive search strategy for this systematic review was conducted across five databases, namely, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library.

Pathogenic Mechanisms That May Link Periodontal Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-The Role of Oxidative Stress.

Given the posited role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of both periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it may also serve as a link between these highly prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases. This view is supported by an ample body of evidence indicating that the severity and progression of periodontitis is in part driven by diabetes, while periodontal infection may hinder the attainment of adequate glycemic control in diabetic patients. Thus, this review focuses on the potential synergistic interactions along the oxidative stress-inflammation pathway characterizing both conditions.

Patient and dermatologists' perspectives on augmented intelligence for melanoma screening: A prospective study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) shows promising potential to enhance human decision-making as synergistic augmented intelligence (AuI), but requires critical evaluation for skin cancer screening in a real-world setting.

Objectives: To investigate the perspectives of patients and dermatologists after skin cancer screening by human, artificial and augmented intelligence.

Methods: A prospective comparative cohort study conducted at the University Hospital Basel included 205 patients (at high-risk of developing melanoma, with resected or advanced disease) and 8 dermatologists.

Pathological tumor volume as a simple quantitative predictive factor of survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the eighth most common type of cancer in the world. Knowledge of prognostic factors of survival in OSCC is key. Several clinical and pathological prognostic factors have been investigated to develop a prognostic model of survival for patients with oral cancer.

Evaluation of Lipid Peroxidation in the Saliva of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients with Periodontal Disease.

As oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, it may serve as a link between these conditions. Therefore, as a part of the present study, salivary lipid peroxidation (LP) in periodontitis patients with and without diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) was evaluated, along with the periodontal therapy effectiveness. The study sample comprised of 71 DM2 patients with periodontitis and 31 systemically healthy controls suffering from periodontitis of comparable severity.

Epigenetic signatures in antidepressant treatment response: a methylome-wide association study in the EMC trial.

Although the currently available antidepressants are well established in the treatment of the major depressive disorder (MDD), there is strong variability in the response of individual patients. Reliable predictors to guide treatment decisions before or in an early stage of treatment are needed. DNA-methylation has been proven a useful biomarker in different clinical conditions, but its importance for mechanisms of antidepressant response has not yet been determined.

Oleh Hornykiewicz (1926-2020): Sixty Years since the Pioneering L-DOPA Application - One Year since the Death of the Pioneer.

Oleh Hornykiewicz was born on November 17, 1926 in Lamberg, Ukraine. After completing his studies in July 1951, he moved to the "Pharmacological Institute of the University of Vienna". In 1958, he started his research on centrally acting drugs at the same institute and came up with the idea of linking laboratory observations with animals with the basal ganglia of the human brain.

Routinely accessible parameters of mineralocorticoid receptor function, depression subtypes and response prediction: a post-hoc analysis from the early medication change trial in major depressive disorder.

Objectives: Previous studies indicated a relationship between aldosterone, the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and antidepressant treatment outcome. Physiological indicators of MR function (blood pressure and electrolytes) are easily accessible and may therefore serve as useful predictors. Thus, our aim was to investigate the predictive value of peripheral MR-related markers for antidepressant treatment outcomes.

Bacterial lectin BambL acts as a B cell superantigen.

B cell superantigens crosslink conserved domains of B cell receptors (BCRs) and cause dysregulated, polyclonal B cell activation irrespective of normal BCR-antigen complementarity. The cells typically succumb to activation-induced cell death, which can impede the adaptive immune response and favor infection. In the present study, we demonstrate that the fucose-binding lectin of Burkholderia ambifaria, BambL, bears functional resemblance to B cell superantigens.

Laser ablation of the pia mater for insertion of high-density microelectrode arrays in a translational sheep model.

. The safe insertion of high density intracortical electrode arrays has been a long-standing practical challenge for neural interface engineering and applications such as brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, the pia mater can be difficult to penetrate and causes deformation of underlying cortical tissue during insertion of high-density intracortical arrays.

The Argo: a high channel count recording system for neural recording in vivo.

Objective: Decoding neural activity has been limited by the lack of tools available to record from large numbers of neurons across multiple cortical regions simultaneously with high temporal fidelity. To this end, we developed the Argo system to record cortical neural activity at high data rates.

Approach: Here we demonstrate a massively parallel neural recording system based on platinum-iridium microwire electrode arrays bonded to a CMOS voltage amplifier array.

Tolerability of High-Dose Venlafaxine After Switch From Escitalopram in Nonresponding Patients With Major Depressive Disorder.

Background: Within a single depressive episode, most patients receive different antidepressants because of an inadequate response to the first-line antidepressant. A commonly used strategy is to switch from a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor to a selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. However, little is known about the tolerability of this switch with consideration of dose and drug concentration in blood.

Synthesis, chemical characterization, PARP inhibition, DNA binding and cellular uptake of novel ruthenium(II)-arene complexes bearing benzamide derivatives in human breast cancer cells.

Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) showed remarkable clinical efficacy in BRCA-mutated tumors. Based on the rational drug design, derivatives of PARP inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), 2-amino-4-methylbenzamide (L1) and 3-amino-N-methylbenzamide (L2), were coordinated to the ruthenium(II) ion, to form potential drugs affecting DNA and inhibiting PARP enzyme. The four conjugated complexes of formula: C1 [(ƞ-toluene)Ru(L1)Cl]PF, C2 [(ƞ-p-cymene)Ru(L1)Cl]PF, C3 [(ƞ-toluene)Ru(L2)Cl] and C4 [(ƞ-p-cymene)Ru(L2)Cl], have been synthesized and characterized.

Effects of age on depressive symptomatology and response to antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder aged 18 to 65 years.

Background: There is evidence that symptomatology in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) changes with age. However, studies comparing depressive symptomatology between different age groups during antidepressant therapy are rare. We compared demographic and clinical characteristics in depressed patients of different age groups at baseline and during treatment.

Development of a voltage controlled resistor for use in a self-balancing resistance bridge.

We report on a simple design for a voltage controlled resistor that can operate in a continuous range from ∼50 Ω to over ∼100 kΩ. The device consists of a light emitting diode (LED) placed near a photocell. Varying the voltage across the LED changes its brightness, which, in turn, changes the resistance of the photocell.

Mitotic activity, modulation of DNA processing, and purinergic signalling in the adult rat auditory brainstem following sensory deafferentation.

A complex scenario of cellular network reorganization is caused by unilateral sensory deafferentation (USD) in the adult rat central auditory system. We asked whether this plasticity response involves mitosis. Immunohistochemistry was applied to brainstem sections for the detection and localization of mitotic markers Ki67 and PCNA, the growth-associated protein Gap43 and purine receptor P2X4.

Body mass index (BMI) in major depressive disorder and its effects on depressive symptomatology and antidepressant response.

Background: Obesity is one of the most prevalent somatic comorbidities of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). We aimed to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and MDD, the symptomatology of the disorder as well as the outcome of antidepressant treatment.

Methods: Early medication change (EMC) trial participants with BMI measurement (n = 811) were categorized according to WHO-criteria in normal or low weight (BMI < 25), overweight (25-< 30), and obese (≥30).

Higher BDNF plasma levels are associated with a normalization of memory dysfunctions during an antidepressant treatment.

One important symptom of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) is memory dysfunction. However, little is known about the relationship between memory performance and depression severity, about the course of memory performance during antidepressant treatment as well as about the relationship between memory performance and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Memory function [learning and delayed recall) was assessed in 173 MDD patients (mean age 39.

Predictors of the effectiveness of an early medication change strategy in patients with major depressive disorder.

Background: Patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) who are non-improvers after two weeks of antidepressant treatment have a high risk of treatment failure. Recently, we did not find differences in outcomes in non-improvers randomized to an early medication change (EMC) strategy compared to treatment as usual (TAU). This secondary analysis investigated possible predictors of higher remission rates in the EMC strategy.

BDNF Plasma Levels and BDNF Exon IV Promoter Methylation as Predictors for Antidepressant Treatment Response.

Major problems of current antidepressant pharmacotherapy are insufficient response rates and difficulties in response prediction. We recently provided preliminary evidence in a small study that patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) with a hypomethylation of the CpG-87 site of the promoter IV region of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene are less likely to benefit from antidepressants. Here, we aimed at replicating this finding in a secondary analysis of 561 MDD patients (mean age 40.

Early improvement of executive test performance during antidepressant treatment predicts treatment outcome in patients with Major Depressive Disorder.

Unlabelled: Executive dysfunctions frequently occur in patients with Major Depressive Disorder and have been shown to improve during effective antidepressant treatment. However, the time course of improvement and its relationship to treatment outcome is unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the test performance and clinical outcome by repetitive assessments of executive test procedures during antidepressant treatment.