The effect of late presentation on HIV related mortality among adolescents in public hospitals of north showa zone Oromiya, Ethiopia; 2022: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Late human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis is the most prominent cause of HIV/AIDS-related mortality and also increases the risk of transmission and spread of the disease in society. Adolescents are the most vulnerable population's age group for HIV infection in several settings, but expanding access to early HIV testing remains a challenge. Consequently, a significant proportion of adolescents are still dying of HIV-related causes, and the current study aimed at assessing the effect of late presentation on HIV-related mortality among adolescents living with HIV.

Seizure Remission and Its Predictors Among Epileptic Patients on Follow-Up at Public Hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Epilepsy is one of the common chronic neurological disorders with varying therapeutic responses. Despite the high prevalence of epilepsy and the significant treatment gaps in developing nations, such as Ethiopia, there is a dearth of data on seizure remission and its predictors in Eastern Ethiopia in particular.

Objective: This study aimed to determine seizure remission and its predictors among epileptic patients on follow-up in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital (HFSUH) and Dilchora Referral Hospital (DCRH), from July 2 to 31, 2021.

Developing Novel Anticancer Drugs for Targeted Populations: An Update.

Background: Due to higher failure rates, lengthy time and high cost of the traditional de novo drug discovery and development process, the rate of opportunity to get new, safe and efficacious drugs for the targeted population, including pediatric patients with cancer, becomes sluggish.

Objectives: This paper discusses the development of novel anticancer drugs focusing on the identification and selection of targeted anticancer drug development for the targeted population.

Methods: Information presented in this review was obtained from different databases, including PUBMED, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and EMBASE.

Study on the Interaction of 1,5-diaryl Pyrrole Derivatives with α- glucosidase; Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Kinetic Study.

Background: The delaying of absorption of glucose is one of the principal therapeutic approaches of type 2 diabetes. α-glucosidase inhibitors compete with the α-glucosidase enzyme activity, which helps to reduce the conversion of carbohydrates into glucose and thereby control the postprandial hyperglycemia incidence.

Objective: The aim of this study was to synthesize a series of novel 1,5-diphenyl pyrrole derivatives and evaluate their in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Coumarin-based Scaffold as α-glucosidase Inhibitory Activity: Implication for the Development of Potent Antidiabetic Agents.

Background: Delaying the absorption of glucose through α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition is one of the therapeutic approaches in the management of Type 2 diabetes, which can reduce the incidence of postprandial hyperglycemia. The existence of chronic postprandial hyperglycemia impaired the endogenous antioxidant defense by inducing oxidative stress-induced pancreatic β-cell destruction through uncontrolled generation of free radicals such as ROS, which in turn, leads to various macrovascular and microvascular complications. The currently available α -glucosidase inhibitors, for instance, acarbose, have some side effects such as hypoglycemia at higher doses, liver problems, meteorism, diarrhea, and lactic acidosis.

Impact of food insecurity and malnutrition on the burden of Non-communicable diseases and death in Ethiopia: A situational analysis.

Background: Currently, Ethiopia is undergoing an epidemiological transition. Consequently, NCDs are becoming an increasingly important public health problem in the country. Furthermore, the country has faced a high level of food insecurity.

Client satisfaction on Emergency department services and quality of emergency medical care in Ethiopia: A systematic review.

Background: The utilization of the emergency department to provide an emergency medical services is crucial for the communities who need an urgent medical care that is associated with various cases. This aim of this review was to describe the client satisfaction on the services of Emergency department and the quality of emergency medical care in Ethiopia.

Method: We searched peer-reviewed published articles related to clients' satisfaction on emergency department services and the quality of emergency medical care between January 2000 and December 2017.

Prevalence, pattern, magnitude and associated factors of trauma in the Emergency Department at Health Institutes in Ethiopia: A systematic review.

Background: Trauma is one of the important public health problems that causes significant economic and social crisis with more than 10% of all disease cases are associated with it. We aimed to identify and describe the prevalence, patterns, magnitude and associated factors of trauma in the Emergency Department at Health Institute in Ethiopia.

Methods: In this systematic review, we searched for peer-reviewed and grey literature publications reporting the prevalence, pattern, magnitude and associated factors of trauma between 2000 and 2019.

Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism on hypertension in Africa: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: Hypertension is dramatically increasing in Africa with evidence of increased severity and resistance to treatment. Although angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism is associated with higher prevalence of hypertension, the evidence is inconclusive on its influence on the emerging pattern in Africa. This meta-analysis is conducted to pool the available evidence to inform future research and interventions.

Channel as an Emerging Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review of Current Evidence and Controversies.

In 2015, non-communicable diseases accounted for 39.5 million (70%) of the total 56.4 million deaths that occurred globally, of which 17.

Antidiabetic activity and phytochemical screening of extracts of the leaves of Ajuga remota Benth on alloxan-induced diabetic mice.

Background: Ajuga remota Benth is traditionally used in Ethiopia for the management of diabetes mellitus. Since this claim has not been investigated scientifically, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect and phytochemical screening of the aqueous and 70% ethanol extracts on alloxan-induced diabetic mice.

Methods: After acute toxicity test, the Swiss albino mice were induced with alloxan to get experimental diabetes animals.

Seroprevalence and diagnosis of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis infections among blood donors.

Background: Blood transfusion is one of the most important therapeutic options of life-saving intervention for recipients who are in diseased or non-diseased conditions with severe blood loss. However, it is associated with certain risks which can lead to adverse consequences that may cause acute or delayed complications and bring the risk of transfusion-transmissible infections including HIV, Hepatitis B & C and Syphilis. So, there might be a fatal risk instead of life saving.